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The interaction between local factors and the Convectively Coupled Equatorial Waves over Indonesia during the Western North Pacific and Australian monsoon phase

Pramuwardani Ida, Sunarto Hartono, Sopaheluwakan Ardhasena

Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications

2020

Vol. 8, Iss. 1

84--89

A large scale perturbation by the Convectively Coupled Equatorial Waves (CCEW) is often observed in the tropics as a precursor to influence weather condition, for example over the Indonesian archipelago (Maritime Continent (MC)). This study examines the interaction between local factors and CCEW with regard to convection and vertical interferences on a local scale over Indonesia during extreme Western North Pacific (WNP) and Australian (AU) monsoon phases. Through space-time spectra analysis of a 15 year (2001-2015) Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3B42 dataset, the propagation of CCEW, i.e. Kelvin, Equatorial Rossby (ER) and Mixing Rossby-Gravity (MRG) waves was assessed. An Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) 1 and 2 for each wave evolution across the region of Indonesia, was then compared with daily precipitation anomalies and multilevel wind observations from seven locations in Indonesia to assess the interaction between local factors and CCEW. Results suggest there is evidence of local convection associated with Kelvin waves in the afternoon through to the evening in Tangerang, Surabaya and Makassar during WNP monsoon phases. Local convection associated with MRG waves only occurred in Makassar at the last evolution day during the same period, while there is no clear evidence for an interaction between local factors for ER waves. Low-level westerly winds appear to be significantly coupled with convection from Kelvin waves in Tangerang, Surabaya, and Makassar during the WNP monsoon phase, while the interaction is less significant for MRG-coupled convections (except in Makassar during the same monsoon phase) and absent for ER waves. This study suggests that the global scale phenomena of the Kelvin wave is associated with local scale factors in controlling convection, particularly during an extreme WNP phase in Indonesia.

Morphological features of river channels and floodplains in the Far East of Russia under various natural conditions

Chernov A. V.

Geography and Tourism

2018

Vol. 6, No. 1

55--59

Geographical analysis of river channel processes in rivers located along the meridional transect, running from the Arctic Ocean coast to Tibet and the East China Sea, confirmed that fluvial processes dominate in the formation of morphology and dynamics of river channels and floodplains in all natural zones and under different conditions of channel deformation development. However, even a small disturbance in “climate” conditions by other exogenous geomorphological processes changes the morphology and dynamics of channels and floodplains as well as the dynamics of fluvial processes. The effect of zonal factors depends on the size of a given river and is more pronounced in medium and small rivers than the large ones. Furthermore, the effect of zonal factors on the processes of river channels and floodplains depends on specific environmental conditions of the climate zones: the more extreme the manifestation of certain climatic phenomena, the more pronounced they are in the morphology and dynamics of river channels and floodplains.