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PL
W artykule przedstawiono wybrane aspekty automatyki odciążania w zakładach przemysłowych mających własne jednostki wytwórcze. Zwrócono uwagę na wady klasycznej automatyki SCO oraz zaprezentowano adaptacyjny system odciążania jako rozwiązanie alternatywne, oparte na bilansowaniu obszaru sieciowego z wykorzystaniem techniki pomiarów synchronicznych. Poruszono także problem wrażliwości algorytmów estymacji częstotliwości na sygnały zakłócające.
EN
The article presents chosen aspects of load sheddig automation in industrial power networks with own power source. Disadvantages of standard frequency load shedding are considered. Adaptive system for balancing the active power in the network area with synchrophasor technique utilities as alternative solution is presented. Some questions about sensitivity of frequency estimation algorithms with distorted input signals are mentioned.
2
Content available remote Path Analysis Model for Effective Load shedding
EN
In the present scenario, power system networks are operating very close to their limits. In order to prevent cascaded failures and eventually blackout, load shedding is used as a tool. There are many methodologies which discusses the effective ways for load shedding. In this work a new perspective is presented – path analysis. Path analysis is a technique under structured equation modelling which explains about dependent variable and independent variables. Here the output results are modelled and presented in path analysis, through which the significant variable which is crucial in determining the output can be identified. Correlation between crucial parameters which are having influence in output are also analysed.
PL
W zaprezentowanym scenariuszu system energetyczny pracuje blisko swoich granicznych możliwości. W celu zapobieżenia kaskadowej awarii lub blackoutu przewidziano możliwość odcinania obciążeń. Jako metodę zaproponowano algorytm analizy ścieżki (path analysis). Analizowano korelację między strategicznymi parametrami.
EN
Studies on energy security can be found in many academic publications and in government and think-tank reports. Main goal of this article is to present the energy system in the Republic of South Africa, to discuss the phenomenon of load shedding and it indication of proposed changes required to existing solutions. Authors based their research on available literature newspapers articles, direct observation and the interviews with the residents of Johannesburg. South African’s economy is the second largest in Africa, just behind Nigeria. It accounts for 24% of continent’s GDP. It is ranked as an upper-middle income economy by the World Bank. The major producer and distributor of electricity in RSA is Eskom, which provides over 95% of the country’s energy usage. Load-shedding, also referred to as rolling blackout, is an intentionally electrical power shutdown. In South Africa it affect entire country.
EN
Regulation methods of the receiving node voltage has been analyzed in the paper. There has been used Thevenin equivalent to develop, simulate and analyze these methods. The paper presents also an on-line method of Thevenin model parameters updating using local phasor measurements. Based on this model influence of the voltage regulation on the local stability margin of the receiving node has been analyzed. Three methods of voltage regulation: transformer tap changing, compensation of reactive power and under voltage load shedding have been examined.
5
Content available remote Content-based load shedding in multimedia data stream management system
EN
Overload management has become very important in public safety systems that analyse high performance multimedia data streams, especially in the case of detection of terrorist and criminal dangers. Efficient overload management improves the accuracy of automatic identification of persons suspected of terrorist or criminal activity without requiring interaction with them. We argue that in order to improve the quality of multimedia data stream processing in the public safety arena, the innovative concept of a Multimedia Data Stream Management System (MMDSMS) using load-shedding techniques should be introduced into the infrastructure to monitor and optimize the execution of multimedia data stream queries. In this paper, we present a novel content-centered load shedding framework, based on searching and matching algorithms, for analysing video tuples arriving within multimedia data streams. The framework tracks and registers all symptoms of overload, and either prevents overload before it occurs, or minimizes its effects. We have extended our Continuous Query Language (CQL) syntax to enable this load shedding technique. The effectiveness of the framework has been verified using both artificial and real data video streams collected from monitoring devices.
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