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Behavior of Vertically Confined Square Footing on Reinforced Sand under Centric Inclined Loading

Kirtimayee B., Samadhiya Narendra Kumar

Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica

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2022

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Vol. 44, nr 3

224--238

EN

This study presents the behavior of vertically confined square footing on geogrid-reinforced sand under centric inclined loading through a series of experimental tests. The load was applied at 5°, 10° and 20° angles of inclination with the vertical. The tests were conducted on surface footing, footing with confiner and footing with confiner and horizontal reinforcement configurations subjected to inclined loading. Parametric variations like depth of the confiner (d=1B, 1.5B, 2B), number of geogrid layers (N; varies with variation in depth of confiner), and spacing between horizontal reinforcements (Y=0.25B, 0.5B, 0.75B, 1B) have been investigated at the top surface dimension of confiner (D) as 1.0B, 1.5B and 2.0B (where B is the width of the model footing). Results show that combined effect of confiner and horizontal reinforcement increases the ultimate bearing capacity of footing significantly compared to only confiner for all angle of inclinations. It can also be observed that load bearing capacities decrease with increase in angles of inclination and record the minimum improvement at 20° angle of inclination. Improvement in bearing capacities and reduction in settlement of footing analyzed in terms of bearing capacity ratio (BCR) and settlement reduction factor (SRF) are compared for all footing configurations. To summarize, the test results showed that confiner along with reinforcement can be considered as an economic ground improvement technique for shallow foundations to counter against heavily inclined loading.

2

Sterowanie intensywnością obciążeń eksploatacyjnych konstrukcji nośnej

Kowalczyk M., Sobczykiewicz W.

Górnictwo Odkrywkowe

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2009

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R. 50, nr 6

46-50

PL

W artykule przedstawiono nowe podejście do zagadnienia zapewnień wymaganej trwałości zmęczeniowej konstrukcji nośnych maszyn produkowanych jednostkowo i przeznaczonych do pracy w zmiennych warunkach eksploatacyjnych. Zaprezentowano procedurę projektową zintegrowaną z procesem eksploatacji, obejmującą wymiarowanie konstrukcji oraz ocenę intensywności obciążeń i zasobu trwałości zmęczeniowej na podstawie wyników ciągłych pomiarów naprężeń eksploatacyjnych w wybranych punktach referencyjnych konstrukcji. Na przykładzie koparki KWK-910 przeznaczonej do eksploatacji złóż trudno urabialnych wykazano efektywność zabezpieczeń nowej generacji pozwalających na modyfikację parametrów siłowych mechanizmów maszyny w celu korygowania intensywności obciążeń zmiennych i uzyskania wymaganej trwałości zmęczeniowej konstrukcji.

EN

A new approach to the problem of ensuring demanded fatigue life of the steel structure for unique heavy duty machines was presented in this paper. A new concept of the steel structure design that integrates a dimensioning of the structure, checking the load intensity and calculating the resulting fatigue life on the base of exploitation stresses in chosen reference points of the steel structure was presented. A proposal of modifying main drives parameters as the effective way of control of the stress intensity to ensure demanded fatigue life of welded steel structure was illustrated by an example of the bucket wheel excavator KWK-910 dedicated to digging a hard material.

3

Experimental determination of the tensile force in embroidery threads knitting

Hadzhidobrev P., Charalambus A.

Autex Research Journal

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2005

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Vol. 5, no. 3

149--153

EN

In this work, a method for indirectly determining the tensile force in yarn of twisted units is propounded on a tensile force-elongation diagram. The elongation occurs in the change of the screw line step of the twisted units. The screw-line step is calculated after multiple measurements of short-length areas in the work zone of the knitting needles. The measuring is possible for knitting in producing conditions and in real time.

4

Indirect determination of the load intensity parameters acting on threads during knitting by means of testing structure changes in special prepared yarn

Charalambus A.

Autex Research Journal

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2004

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Vol. 4, no. 1

33--36

EN

Intensive loading of yarn processed by knitting influences the efficiency of the process and the quality of the knitted fabrics which are manufactured. It is frequently necessary to determine their value and eliminate the negative effect if such a necessity arises. In this work we propose an indirect method for measuring and testing loads and load changes acting on the yarn during the knitting process. By means of this method it is possible to see which parts of the stitch structure are the most loaded, and thus predict the consequences of these loads on the yarn structure. Special knitted thread-bands are used, which are photographed at the moment of knitting or scanned after the unknitting of the knitted fabric. The structure of these bands easily imprints ‘copies’ of the value and the type of loads.