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1

Distribution of benthic macroinvertebrates across a reed stand in a brackish Baltic lagoon

Pawlikowski Krzysztof, Kornijów Ryszard

Oceanologia

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2022

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No. 64 (3)

433--444

EN

The role of reeds in the functioning of ecosystems and their significance for zoobenthos in the coastal lagoons is poorly understood. We hypothesise that next to the spatial zonal differentiation of abiotic factors in the apparently homogeneous habitat of reeds, benthic macroinvertebrate fauna is also unevenly distributed, and differs in taxonomic and functional diversity, as well as density and biomass across the reed stand. The research was carried out in the Vistula Lagoon (southern Baltic) along three designated sectors arranged parallel to the shoreline and differing in distance from the shore and depth. Mean density of reed stems in the analysed stand was within the range of values reported from different American and European wetlands. Regardless of the location within the reeds and the season, the fauna was dominated by detritivorous Tubificinae and larvae of Chironomidae. The highest diversity, density, and biomass of fauna were found in the middle littoral zone, and the lowest in the outer zone adjacent to the open water. The presented data support our hypothesis predicting the existence of a spatial variation pattern in the composition and distribution of macroinvertebrates in response to the changing zonal habitat conditions within the reed stand.

2

The influence of hydromorphological modifications of the littoral zone in lakes on macrophytes

Jusik S., Macioł A.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2014

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Vol. 43, No. 1

66--76

EN

The study aimed at determining the influence of hydromorphological modifications of the littoral zone in lakes on the occurrence and quantitative diversity of macrophytes. The field research was carried out at the peak of the growing season (June - September) between 2006 and 2009. Altogether, 457 transects were studied, located in 5 lakes. Studies on the hydromorphology were performed with the method of Lake Habitat Survey (LHS), and on macrophytes - with the method of transects. The studied sites were divided into 3 groups of different intensity of morphological transformations. The identified groups constituted the starting point for the analysis of influence exerted by transformations on macrophytes. The obtained results indicate that hydromorphological modifications of lakes are an important ecological factor affecting the occurrence and quantitative diversity of macrophytes. The transformations recorded in the studied reservoirs resulted mostly from recreational exploitation. They were responsible for mechanical elimination of dominant species, which led to an increased number of taxa, synanthropization and an average level of hemeroby as well as a decrease in the total vegetation cover. Helophytes were the most negatively affected group by the transformations, which reduce their contribution in the vegetation cover, whereas macroscopic filamentous algae and elodeids were positively affected.

3

The role of emergent macrophytes in nutrient cycling in Lake Niepruszewskie (western Poland)

Ławniczak A.E.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2010

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Vol. 39, No.2

75-83

EN

The role of emergent macrophytes in nutrient cycling was investigated in the littoral zone of Lake Niepruszewskie, which is dominated by this type of vegetation. The lake is characterized by an advanced stage of eutrophication as is evident in the frequent blooms that cause low transparency and high concentrations of chlorophyll a and seston. The shoot biomass of Phragmites australis and Typha angustifolia is the major component of the plant cover with respect to nutrient accumulation. Other plants play a marginal role in the nutrient turnover of the studied lake.

4

Wymiar fraktalny fragmentów zdjęć lotniczych strefy przybrzeżnej jeziora Mikołajskiego, Śniardw i Łuknajno

Miałdun J., Ostrowski M.

Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji

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2010

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Vol. 21

267--279

PL

Opis, klasyfikacja i wizualizacja cech przestrzeni są podstawowymi czynnikami budującymi wielowymiarowy intelektualny model środowiska naturalnego. Jednym z kryteriów opisu środowiska jest wnioskowanie analityczne i ocena dynamiki zjawisk na podstawie cech strukturalnych, przy czym struktura przestrzeni i kształtujące ją zjawiska zależą w znacznym stopniu od przyjętych założeń i sposobu rejestracji, analizy oraz zastosowanych narzędzi. Jedną z metod oceny krajobrazu ekologicznego, która staje się coraz bardziej znacząca i doceniana, jest wymiar fraktalny satelitarnych i lotniczych zobrazowań powierzchni Ziemi. W pracy, i w opisie krajobrazu, wykorzystano wymiary fraktalne, których algorytmy obliczania zostały oparte na „metodzie graniastosłupów trójkątnych” w opcji zarówno globalnej, jak i lokalnej. Do testowania metody wykorzystano zeskanowane spektrostrefowe zdjęcia lotnicze pobrzeża i litoralu jezior charakterystycznych jezior mazurskich: Mikołajskiego, Śniardw i Łuknajno. Są to obszary o zróżnicowanym przestrzennie i strukturalnie litoralu obejmującego pasy: roślinności bagiennej, roślin wynurzonych (trzcinowiska), roślin pływających, jak i – również uwidocznioną na zdjęciach –strefę podwodną roślin zanurzonych, które porastają dno zbiornika. W celu porównania i klasyfikacji obliczonych wymiarów fraktalnych wybrano fragmenty wymienionych zbiorników obrazujące przykłady różnych stref roślinności przybrzeżnej, a także dodatkowo, jako obszary referencyjne, obszary lądowe w różnym stopniu użytkowane rolniczo, zalesione lub zurbanizowane, charakteryzujące się zróżnicowanymi formami tekstury. Wyniki badań wykazały, że przy odpowiedniej standaryzacji przygotowania danych teledetekcyjnych, wymiar fraktalny może być cennym wskaźnikiem różnorodności krajobrazu i jego klasyfikacji jakościowej.

EN

A description and classification of the characteristics of space are the fundamental factors in building a multidimensional model of the natural environment. One of the criteria of describing an environment is analytical inferring and evaluation of the dynamics of phenomena based on structural attributes. The structure of space depends on the point of view. In this study, also in landscape description, were used fractal dimensions whose calculation algorithms were based on the „triangular prism method” in both the global and local options. To test the method, scanned infrared spectrozonal aerial images of the shore zones of the Mazury lakes Mikołajskie, Śniardwy and Łuknajno were chosen. There are areas with variously developed littoral zone embracing belts of marsh vegetation, emerged plants (reeds), floating plants, as well as the – also visualized in the images – zone of submerged plants growing on the bottom of the water body. To compare the calculated fractal dimensions, fragments were chosen of the mentioned water bodies representing different zones of shoreline vegetation, as well as the surrounding land under agricultural use, forest cover and urbanized areas. The results of the investigation revealed that, with appropriate standardization of remote sensing data preparation, the fractal dimension can be a valuable indicator of quality of landscape diversity.

5

Littoral zone flora versus quality of Kielecki Bay waters

Rabajczyk A., Jóźwiak M.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

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2008

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Vol. 15, nr 12

1359-1368

EN

Environmental assessment is largely based on knowledge about tolerance of organisms to different biotope factors. If upper or lower critical point values ale exceeded for specific organisms in relation to environmental factor, according to Shelford's law of tolerance, it causes a withdrawal of organisms from their natural biotope. This feature is used for biomonitoring the environmental condition. Research was performed in the Kielecki Bay area. It is the water basin located in the city zone of Kielce. It was formed by closing the Silnica River valley by weir at 8 km of the river course. Państwowa Komunikacja Samochodowa (State Motor Transport Company), "Metalowiec" Allotments and City Road Administration in Kielce are users of the bar water, which determines the usage of the areas around the basin for recreational, housing and industrial purposes. Additional loads for Kielecki Bay ale the nearby located class one road which runs towards the city of Lodz and is a source of transportation pollution as well as the city swimming pool which discharges chlorinated water to the basin. The basin is supplied by watercourse, which receives municipal wastewater nom the village of Maslow located near Kielce. The amount and diversity of organic and inorganic compounds getting into the basin influences heavy pollution of Bay waters. Methods used in biomonitoring and instrumental monitoring were applied in this research. A growth of flora typical of basins with unclassified waters containing a huge amount of heavy metals and biogens is a result of human activity. The basin was classified as a dystrophic type. The conducted research shows that anthropogenic influence on the basin should be limited. The research may be also used for correcting the spatial planning solutions.

PL

Diagnoza stanu środowiska w dużej mierze korzysta z wiedzy o tolerancji organizmów na różne czynniki biotopowe. Przekroczenie wartości górnego lub dolnego punktu krytycznego dla określonego organizmu w odniesieniu do czynnika środowiska, zgodnie z prawem tolerancji Shelforda skutkuje wycofaniem się organizmu z charakterystycznego dla niego biotopu. Tę właściwość wykorzystuje się do biomonitoringu stanu środowiska przyrodniczego. Badania przeprowadzono na obszarze Zalewu Kieleckiego. Jest to zbiornik wodny w granicach miasta Kielce, który został utworzony poprzez zamknięcie doliny rzeki Silnicy jazem, na jej 8 km. Użytkownikami wody ze zbiornika są Państwowa Komunikacja Samochodowa, Ogródki Działkowe "Metalowiec" oraz Miejski Zarząd Dróg w Kielcach, co sprawia, że tereny wokół zbiornika zagospodarowane są zarówno na cele rekreacyjne, mieszkaniowe, jak i gospodarcze. Dodatkowymi obciążeniami dla Zalewu jest przebiegająca w bezpośrednim sąsiedztwie droga krajowa w kierunku Łodzi, będąca źródłem zanieczyszczeń komunikacyjnych oraz basen miejski, z którego wprowadzana jest do zbiornika woda chlorowana. Zbiornik zasilany jest ciekiem wodnym stanowiącym odbiornik zanieczyszczeń komunalnych z miejscowości Masłów, położonej w pobliżu Kielc. Ilość oraz różnorodność związków zarówno organicznych, jak i nieorganicznych dostających się do zbiornika powoduje, że wody Zalewu są bardzo zanieczyszczone. W badaniach wykorzystano metody stosowane w biomonitoringu oraz w monitoringu instrumentalnym. Efektem działalności człowieka jest rozwój flory charakterystycznej dla zbiorników o wodach pozaklasowych zawierających dużą ilość metali ciężkich oraz biogenów. Zbiornik zaklasyfikowano jako dystroficzny. Wykonane badania wskazują na konieczność ograniczenia antropogennego oddziaływania na zbiornik. Mogą również być wykorzystane do skorygowania rozwiązań planistycznych związanych z zagospodarowaniem terenu.

6

Qualitative and quantitative changes of diatoms with relation to physiochemical water parameters in the littoral zone of the urban Lake Jeziorak Mały

Zębek E.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2007

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Vol. 36, No.4

3-22

EN

Phytoplankton in the littoral zone of the urban Lake Jeziorak Maly (Mazurian Lakeland) were studied between April and October of 2002 and 2003. Five diatom species (Fragilaria delicalissima, Aulacoseira gramilata, Fragilaria capucina, Diatoma vulgaris, Fragilaria crotonensis) and one genus (Rlrizosolenia sp.), comprising the major proportion of total abundance and biomass of diatoms, were chosen for the study. The relationships between the biomass of these diatoms and water temperature, oxygen content, electrolytic conductivity, orthophosphates, silicon and calcium concentrations were analyzed. The biomass of species F. delicatissima, A. granulata and F. capucina tended to be the highest of the six, which were also associated with the widest temperature range, 10.0°C to 18.7°C. These three species exhibited maximum biomass at the highest orthophosphate concentrations. By contrast, F. crotonensis developed in the narrowest water temperature range, 10.0°C to 13.7°C. The maximum biomass of this species was noted at high silicon and calcium concentrations. The diatoms (except i7, capucina and RSiizosolenia sp.) contributed to statistically significant observed reductions in nutrient concentrations during their growth. These results indicate that a range of factors is involved in the productivity and limitation of the studied diatoms, with water temperature being of particular importance.

7

Quantitative changes of Planktolyngbya brevicellularis, Limnothrix redekei and Aphanizomenon gracile in the annual cycle vs. physicochemical water parameters in the urban Lake Jeziorak Mały

Zębek E.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2006

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Vol. 35, No.1

69-84

EN

The study was conducted on net phytoplankton in the urban Lake Jeziorak Mały (Mazurian Lakeland) in the littoral zone in the years 1998 – 2003. The blue-green algae community was dominated by three species: Planktolyngbya brevicellularis (Cronberg &Komarek), Limnothrix redekei (Van Goor) Meffert and Aphanizomenon gracile Lemm. Changes in the numbers of blue-green algae were analyzed in the annual cycle, with respect to water temperature and orthophosphate concentration. One abundance peak of Planktolyngbya brevicellularis was recorded in July, of Limnothrix redekei in May, and for Aphanizomenon gracile there were two peaks in numbers in May and in August. The relationship between water temperature and the occurrence of blue-greens was statistically significant, whereas in the case of orthophosphate concentration, the coefficient of correlation was statistically significant only for Planktolyngbya brevicellularis. On the basis of equations of multiple regression the proportion of orthophosphate concentration was affirmed to be higher than water temperature. This may suggest that the blue-green species contributed to reducing the phosphorus content of the water, and the largest part in this phenomenon could be played by Planktolyngbya brevicellularis, which developed in the widest temperature range and in this way was a competitor species for remaining species.

8

Zgrupowanie wrotków (Rotatoria) planktonowych w strefie litoralowej zbiornika Dziećkowice

Penczek K.

Problemy Ekologii

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2005

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R. 9, nr 1

28-36

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań przeprowadzonych w strefie litoralowej zbiornika Dziećkowice. Celem pracy było: określenie składu gatunkowego Rotatoria badanego zbiornika, opisanie struktury dominacji, stałości oraz znaczenia ekologicznego wrotków występujących w zbiorniku Dziećkowice, prześledzenie zmian ilościowych Rotatoria, porównanie występujących zespołów na badanych stanowiskach, zbadanie wpływu czynników abiotycznych na występowanie i zagęszczenie wrotków, określenie sezonowych zmian występowania Rotatoria, określenie trofii i saprobowości zbiornika na podstawie zebranych zgrupowań.

EN

The article presents the results of a research carrier out in the littoral zone of the Dziećkowice reservoir. The study was aimed at determining the species composition of Rotatoria living in the Dziećkowice reservoir, describing their domination structure and ecological role alongside with investigating the quantitative changes of Rotatoria population, analyzing the impact of abiotic factors on the occurrence and condensation of rotifers, determining the seasonal variability of Rotatoria occurrence and the reservoir's trophy and saprophy based on the collected groupings.

9

Small scale distribution and composition of phytoplankton in a shallow lake

Wojciechowska W., Solis M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2001

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Vol. 49, nr 1

87-89

EN

Studies were carried out in shallow, eutrophic lake Pereszpa during vegetation season 1996. Samples were taken from the pelagic and littoral zone, where the distance between sampling sites were small (200-300 m). It was revealed in both zones quantitative and qualitative differentiation of phytoplankton during spring-summer period and homogeneity of its community in autumn.