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Advanced batteries and supercapacitors for electric vehicle propulsion systems with kinetic energy recovery

Juda Z.

Journal of KONES

2011

Vol. 18, No. 4

165-171

For city and neighbourhood people transport, electric driven vehicle with advanced energy storage and electronic control system could be competitive for conventional transportation means. Advanced energy storage and full utilization of regenerative braking system leads to significant energy saving. Regenerative braking is particularly important in city traffic, where a lot of acceleration/braking cycles occur. Replacement of internal combustion engines driven cars with electric vehicles give various benefits: decrease of transport sector impact on climate warming by CO2 emission reduction and general human health condition increase by elimination of toxic exhaust gases components emission by passenger cars. Particular interest of EV research is focused on lithium based batteries and supercapacitors. Nano-Lithium-Titanate battery could be fully recharged in a very short time and current peaks have no damage impact on the battery. Such batteries have high Cycle Life value (25000) and long life calendar (20 years).Fast charging systems should be equipped with energy converter built inside charging station. The converter has to be based on intelligent control system, for charging parameters setting (stable voltage, charging current, charging time) for different electric vehicles. To estimating charge/discharge characteristic and regenerative braking effectiveness, a simulation in MATLAB environment has been performed based on factory parameters. Graphical simulations results are presented in the paper.