Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Non-wetting to Wetting Transition Temperatures of Liquid Tin on Surfaces of Different Steel Samples Corresponding to their Spontaneous Deoxidation

Varanasi D., Aldawoudi K. E, Baumli P., Koncz-Horvath D., Kaptay G.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

|

2021

|

Vol. 66, iss. 2

469--476

EN

The goal of this paper is to measure the non-wetting to wetting transition temperatures of liquid tin on surfaces of different steel samples in vacuum with residual pressure of 10-8 bar. The experiments were conducted on four steels (C45, S103, CK60 and EN1.4034) of varying compositions using pure tin (99.99%) by the sessile drop method. Non-wetting to wetting transition (contact angle decreasing below 90°) by liquid tin was observed as function of increasing temperature in the range of 820-940 K for low alloyed steels C45, S103 and CK60, while it was considerably higher (around 1130 K) for high chromium EN1.4034 steel. it is concluded that at about the same temperatures, the surfaces of the steel samples are spontaneously deoxidized due to the combined effect of high temperature, low vacuum and C-content of steels. After the oxide layer is removed, the contact angles of liquid tin on steel surfaces were found in the range of 45-80° for low alloyed C45, S103 and CK60 steels and around 20° for high chromium EN1.4034 steel. These relatively high contact angle values compared to other metal/metal couples (such as liquid Cu on steels) are due to the formation of not fully metallic intermetallic compounds (FeSn and FeSn2) at the interface (such do not form in the Cu/Fe system).

2

Wetting transparency of graphene deposited on copper in contact with liquid tin

Sobczak N., Sobczak J. J., Kudyba A., Homa M., Bruzda G., Grobelny M., Kalisz M., Strobl K., Singhal R., Monville M.

Prace Instytutu Odlewnictwa

|

2014

|

T. 54, nr 3

3--11

EN

Wetting behavior of liquid Sn (99.99%) on graphenecoated Cu substrate was investigated by the sessile drop method using two testing procedures: 1) classical contact heating (CH) of a couple of materials; 2) capillary purification (CP) allowing non-contact heating accompanied with squeezing the Sn droplet through a hole in an alumina capillary. The tests were performed in vacuum (p < 1.80 × 10-6 mbar) at 360 °C for 300 s. The images of Sn/substrate couples were recorded by high-resolution high-speed CCD camera. The results of this study evidenced that graphene layer is transparent for liquid Sn and after 300 s interaction, it forms the contact angles (θ) similar to those on pure Cu substrates, both in CH (θ = 59°) and CP (θ = 32°) tests. However, with liquid Sn, apparently the same effect of graphene wetting transparency is more complicated than that with water and it is caused by different mechanism, most probably, accompanied with reconstruction of the graphene layer.

3

Korozja stali i żeliwa sferoidalnego ferrytycznego w ciekłej cynie

Opiekun Z. A., Orłowicz W. A.

Prace Instytutu Odlewnictwa

|

2013

|

T. 53, z. 3

19--26

PL

W artykule przedstawiono przebieg korozji w ciekłej cynie próbek z żeliwa sferoidalnego ferrytycznego, próbek ze stali austenitycznej chromowo-niklowej X2CrNi 19-12 (00H18N10) i próbek ze stali konstrukcyjnej niskostopowej 12CrMo 4-5 (15HM). Próby oddziaływania wykonano przy stałej temperaturze ciekłej cyny 600°C w czasie 170 h. Przeprowadzone badania metalograficzne wykazały, że najszybciej korozji w ciekłej cynie (z szybkością 0,12 mm/h) ulegały próbki ze stali X2CrNi 19-12, wolniej próbki ze stali 12CrMo 4-5 (szybkość korozji około 0,004 mm/h), a najwolniej korodowały próbki z żeliwa sferoidalnego ferrytycznego (szybkość korozji około 0,003 mm/h).

EN

The article presents a course of static corrosion of spheroidal ferritic cast iron, austenite stainless steel X2CrNi19-12 (00H18N10) and samples of low-alloy construction steel 12CrMo4-5 (15HM) in liquid tin. The tests were performed at temperature of 600°C in liquid tin for 170 hours. It has been found, that the fastest corrosion was observed in austenite steel (average rate ca. 0.12 mm/h). Slower corrosion was observed in steel 12CrMo4-5 (average rate ca. 0.004 mm/h) and the slowest corrosion was observed in spheroidal ferritic iron cast specimen (average rate ca. 0.003 mm/h) in liquid tin.

4

Badania przebiegu korozji austenitycznej stali w ciekłej cynie w temperaturze od 485 do 665°C

Opiekun A.

Ochrona przed Korozją

|

2010

|

nr 12

666-669

PL

W pracy przedstawiono przebieg korozji austenitycznej stali 19Cr-11Ni-2Si(X2CrNi19-11) w ciekłej cynie przy obecności węgla oraz tlenu, w temperaturze od 485 do 665°C. W wyniku oddziaływania ciekłej cyny zbiornik reaktora, w którym przebiegał proces termiczno-katalityczny krakowania poliolefin uległ awarii po około 123 godzinach. Korozja zbiornika przebiegała wieloetapowo z dużą szybkością, średnio około 0,12 mm/h. Początkowy etap korozji to dyfuzyjne wzbogacanie granic ziaren stali 19Cr-11Ni-2Si w cynę, nikiel, węgiel i tlen oraz objętości ziaren w węgiel i tlen. Kolejny etap to dalszy wzrost stężenia cyny na granicach ziaren stali i tworzenie się faz bogatych w cynę. Dalsze etapy przebiegu korozji stali 19Cr-11Ni-2Si polegają na rozpuszczaniu ziaren austenitu z tworzeniem się roztworów stałych bogatych w cynę i nikiel oraz żelazo, chrom, krzem, węgiel i tlen.

EN

The study presents a course of corrosion of austenite 19Cr-11Ni-2Si (X2CrNi19-11) steel in liquid tin, in the presence of carbon and oxygen, at temperature range 485- 665°C. Influence of liquid tin caused a failure of reactor vessel where thermal-catalytic cracking was taking place, after ca. 123 h. The corrosion of the vessel was multistage process occurring at a high speed, average ca. 0.12 mm/h. The initial step (first step) of corrosion was diffuse enrichment at grain boundaries of 19Cr-11Ni-2Si steel in tin, nickel, carbon and oxygen, and of grain volume in carbon and oxygen. The successive step was the continuous increase of a tin concentration in steel grain boundaries and formation of tin-rich phases. The next steps of the 19Cr-11Ni-2Si steel corrosion were dissolution of the austenite grains, accompanied by formation of tin-, nickel-, iron-, chromium-, silicon-, carbon- and oxygen-rich solutions.