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1 2024

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Production and Characterization of Liquid Smoke from Coconut Shell Waste as an Effort to Reduce the Impact on Environmental Pollution

Silaban Robert, Simanjuntak Janter Pangaduan, Tambunan Bisrul Hapis, Putra Agus Nopiar

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2024

Vol. 25, iss. 7

162--170

This research examined the influence of pyrolysis temperature on a large-size feedstock of coconut shell waste for producing biochar and liquid smoke using slow pyrolysis. The temperature used was varied between 250 °C to 450 °C at a constant heating rate of 10 °C/min and at a holding time of about 120 minutes. Gravimetry, spectro, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods are used to identify the liquid smoke for density, phenol, and acetic acid content respectively. The results indicated that increased pyrolysis temperatures caused a reduced biochar yield. However, the liquid smoke yield was found to increase with the temperature. The obtained liquid smoke has a density of 1.054 g/mL and has a content of phenol of about 4717.91 mg GAE/100 mg, and acetic acid of 11.36%. Results inferred that the liquid smoke can be generated from a large size of coconut shell through pyrolysis at medium temperature.