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Wykorzystanie kompostowanego osadu ściekowego i ektopróchnicy leśnej do wzbogacania gleb w uprawie szkółkarskiej lipy drobnolistnej (Tilia cordata Mill.)

Klimek A., Rolbiecki S., Rolbiecki R., Długosz J., Musiał M.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

2013

Tom 15, cz. 3

2811--2828

The influence of fertilization with the compost prepared from treated sewage sludge with bark additive and mulching with the fresh forest ectohumus on the soil conditions, chosen parameters of two- and three-year old littleleaf linden seedlings growth as well as the occurrence of soil mites (Acari) was investigated in the paper. The experiments were carried out in 2009–2010 at forest nursery Białe Błota (Forest District Bydgoszcz) on the rusty soil. The whole area of the experiment was irrigated with the use of stationary sprinkling machine. The soil was characterized by the alkaline reaction (pH in H2O was in the range 7.2–7.4), the low content of available potassium and available phosphorus as well as the content of C-org from 35.7 to 38.4 g kg-1),. The C:N ratio ranged from 14.3 to 14.9. Two- and three-year old seedlings of littleleaf linden grown on plots fertilized with the compost were higher than those cultivated on plots with mineral fertilizer and they were also characterized by the higher number of leaves and the higher leaf area. Mulching – which was carried out in September of the first growing season – did not influence significantly on the growth parameters of two-year old seedlings (with the exception of the decrease in a leaf area). In the third growing season the mulching significantly influenced on all the seedling growth parameters tested, and – furthermore – there was also a significant interaction between the both studied treatments in shaping of the all growth parameters (with the exception of the plant height) of littleleaf linden seedlings. The density of mites in the soil was distinctly increased after the mulch-ing treatment , and it was many fold higher as compared to the control plot MC. On the base of the analysis it was found that the mulching and the fertilization with compost prepared from municipal sewage sludge influenced positively on the abundance of mites, especially oribatid mites as well as on their species diversity. Tectocepheus velatus was the most abundant species among the oribatid mites on all the stands of littleleaf linden cultivation. Abundance dynamics of this oribatid species in the two-years period of the study, especially on the variant with mulching and organic fertilization, indicates the upward trend in the number of its population.

Host tree preferences of hermit beetles (Osmoderma eremita Scop., Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in a network of rural avenues in Poland

Oleksa A., Ulrich W., Gawroński R.

Polish Journal of Ecology

2007

Vol. 55, nr 2

315-323

The occurrence of Osmoderma eremita (Scopoli, 1763), an endangered species restricted to hollow trees, was studied in a network or rural avenues in northern Poland. We detected1002 trees with hollows suitable for hermit beetle development (25% of all trees). Among them, 114 (11%) were occupied by O. eremita. The distribution of O. eremita was not random with respect to tree species identity. Tilia cordata and Alnus glutinosa were preferred while Acer platanoides andCarpinus betulus were avoided. The beetle preferred trees about 450 cm in circumference at 1.3 m height with a tendency towards lower occupancies of the biggest trees having circumferences above 500 m. O. eremita did not show any significant preferences accroding to hollow entrance area, exposition and road surface type. Contrary to common belief O. eremita did not prefer oaks. Our result show that preservation schemes and choices of prime areas for conservation for heremit beetles have to included stands of trees other than oak.