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1 Journal of Medical Informatics & Technologies

1 2012

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Imaging of the lenses of the human eye by ultrabiomicroscopy (UBM), ultrasonography (USG) and by anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS OCT): - presentation of clinical cases

Porwik E., Ciszewski M., Mrukwa-Kominek E., Smużyńska M., Formińska-Kapuścik M.

Journal of Medical Informatics & Technologies

2012

Vol. 19

49--57

The nervous system's ability to receive light stimuli and its' processing in the brain in order to produce a visual impression is the definition of the sense of sight. The anatomical form of the sense organ of vision is comprised of the eyeball, the eye's protective apparatus, the eye's movement apparatus and the retinal nerve connections made to structures in the brain. The shape of the eye's lens, which gives the eye its refraction ability, depends on the voltage present in Zinn's ligaments that regulate the ciliary muscle. Sharpness of vision is produced by changing the shape of the lens, a reflexive adjustment. A domed lens causes stronger light inflexion and allows a sharp visual appearance of close objects. A flattening of the lens results in less light refraction and the seeing of more distant objects. The lens consists of a capsule, a cortex and a nucleus and it has two convex surfaces: the front and the rear. If we imagine the lens as a plum fruit, the capsule is its skin, the cortex is its flesh and the nucleus is its stone. Proper functioning of the lens is essential for accurate vision. Exact assessments of the eye's lens and the ability to monitor the status of associated diseases are extremely important. The lens may be tested using a slit lamp, but in any situation where an eye disease prevents this assessment of the lens this examination will obviously be inadequate. Thanks to today's imaging techniques, we can now assess the anatomical arrangement and condition of the lens, even in the eyes of those patients for whom the use of an imaging lens slit lamp is not possible [1, 2].