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EN
The microorganisms are able to utilize natural and synthetic compounds of broad structural diversity as a source of carbon and energy, converting these substrates into low molecular weight products (mainly H2O, CO2 and NH3). The main role in this metabolism is played by the enzymes that catalyze reactions of the C–C bond cleavage. Such reactions are the key step of the primary metabolism of fatty acids in eukaryotic cells by the β-oxidation. The enzymatic systems associated with the C–C bond cleavage have been applied in the synthesis of valuable natural products and in the bioremediation processes. Microbial transformations of natural compounds, in which the reactions of β-oxidation cycle are used, allow the formation of natural aromatic compounds (used as food additives), pharmaceuticals and ingredients of cosmetic compositions. Using this path one can obtain methyl ketones (e.g. responsible for the characteristic smell of cheeses), γ-lactones determining the scent of several popular fruits, and vanillin. A modification of the natural steroids: saponins, alkaloids, sterols, bile acids to products useful in the synthesis of steroid drugs is the most important area of use of the enzymatic C–C bond cleavage, due to the practical significance of the products. Enzymes that catalyze the C–C bonds cleavage are important in the process of biodegradation of toxic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives (bioremediation).
PL
W pracy badano możliwość wykorzystania drobnoustrojów stosowanych do produkcji leków steroidowych w ochronie środowiska. Stwierdzono, że szczep Cunninghamella elegans IM 1785/21Gp aktywny w procesie biotransfbrmacji steroidów, jest zdolny do degradacji wielopierścieniowych węglowodorów aromatycznych. Wykazano, że badany szczep grzybów eliminuje w 96-98% fenantren, w stężeniu 250 mg/l, na podłożu Sabouraud, po 7 dniach inkubacji (hodowla w kolbach) i po 3 dniach inkubacji (hodowla w bioreaktorze o pojemności całkowitej 42 l).
EN
The application of microorganisms, used to steroid drug production, in the environmental protection was studied in this work. It was shown, that Cunninghamella elegans IM 1785/21 Gp used to steroid transformation, was able to degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. It has been found that this strain eliminated phenanthrene in 96-98% in the concentrations 250 mg/1, on Sabouraud medium, after 7 days of incubations (flask cultivation) and after 3 days of incubations (bioreactor cultivation).
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