Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Regulacje prawne i doświadczenia związane z rekultywacją terenów pogórniczych w Polsce

Litwa P., Dulewski J., Uzarowicz R.

Bezpieczeństwo Pracy i Ochrona Środowiska w Górnictwie

|

2011

|

nr 9

4-11

PL

Do rekultywacji terenów pogórniczych, w zależności od stanu gruntów, sposobu prowadzenia rekultywacji i daty zanieczyszczenia gruntów stosuje się zróżnicowane podstawy prawne. Mimo tego, polskie górnictwo z powodzeniem prowadzi rekultywację zdegradowanych terenów. W latach 2000 - 2009 zrekultywowało ogółem 10,8 tys. ha gruntów, z czego na górnictwo węgla brunatnego przypada 34,0 procent, surowców skalnych 27,1procent, a siarki 20,5 procent. Na szczególną uwagę zasługują wyniki górnictwa siarki, z uwagi na konieczność eliminacji zagrożeń powodowanych obecnością znacznych ilości siarki i jej związków na powierzchni terenu. Rekultywacja terenów pogórniczych wymaga rozwiązywania specyficznych problemów, omówionych w artykule na wybranych przykładach.

EN

The article discusses legal regulations applicable to the reclamation of post-mining areas and shows thatdepending on the condition of the land that requires reclamation, the reclamation method and the time when the land became polluted, the provisions of the acts on waste, on extractive waste, the Environmental Protection Law, and on the prevention and remedy of damage to the environment should be taken into account in addition to the regulations on the protection of farm and forest lands cited in the act, the Geological and Mining Law. We presented the results from the years 2000-2009 to illustrate the progress of reclamation in relation to the surface area of the land degraded by the exploitation of minerals. We have found that in the period the mining sector reclaimed a total area of 10.8 thousand ha of land; however the largest area that covers 34.0 per cent of the total reclaimed area, i.e. 3.7 thousand ha, was reclaimed by the lignite mining sector. The runner-up is the rock mining industry that has reclaimed 27.1 per cent of the total area, i.e. 2.9 thousand ha. In particular, we should emphasise the results achieved by the sulphur mining sector that has managed to reclaim 20.5 per cent of the total reclaimed area, i.e. 2.2 thousand ha, taking up special measures to protect unexploited sulphur deposits and to eliminate any hazards for environment that can be caused by high amounts of sulphur and sulphur compounds on the surface. These instances of reclamation carried out by the mining sectors show that the reclamation of the post-mining areas has distinctive features depending on the naturę and the scope of how the surface has been transformed. The distinctive features in the reclamation of the post-mining areas include such problems as the stability of open-pit slopes in excavations and in facilities for the treatment of overlay and waste rock, the reclamation of soilless areas, the risks of the development of thermal processes, and the hazards posed by sulphur and sulphur compounds occurring on the surface.

2

Rozwiązania prawne i organizacyjne państwowych infrastruktur informacji przestrzennej w krajach Unii Europejskiej i europejskiego obszaru gospodarczego

Dukaczewski D.

Roczniki Geomatyki

|

2008

|

T. 6, z. 6

47-65

EN

According to the survey of May of 2008, advanced works on NSDI are carried out in 26 countries of Europe. The introduction of INSPIRE Directive 2007/2/WE has resulted in stimulation of legislative processes concerning its implementation (especially noticeable i.e. in Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Norway, Sweden, Italy and Poland), as well as of legislative processes concerning the NSDI (i.e. Swiss FSDI, Polish KIDP, Czech NGII, French IFDG, Irish ISDI, Slovak NIPI and Hungarian NTI). In May 2008, still 18 countries of EU and EEA (Austria, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Cyprus, Denmark, France, Greece, Netherlands, Ireland, Island, Luxemburg, Latvia, Malta, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary and Great Britain) hadn't its own NSDI legislation. In 13 countries (Austria, Czech Republic, Cyprus, France, Greece, Ireland, Island, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Switzerland, Hungary, Great Britain - precisely Scotland and Northern Ireland) such acts were in the course of preparation and/or legislative process. The survey and analysis of NSDI acts and its drafts allowed the author to propose the typology of NSDI using criteria of the system (9 types), the level of coordination (6 types), the thematic scope (4 types), the competences of organizative bodies (5 types). It was also possible to propose the typology of legislative and organizational solutions applied in the countries, which haven't its own NSDI laws. The survey allowed carrying out the synthesis concerning the NDSI standards, metadata and NSDI portals. The author analysed also the NSDI legislative and organizational solutions concerning data multiple utilization and data status. The analysis revealed big diversity of NSDI legislative and organizational solutions. However, it is worth to mention that big part of EU and EEA has adopted the NSDI system with constitutive role of the spatial data councils and executive role of the surveying institutions. The analysis has proved that the level of NSDI coordination can influence, but not determine the efficiency of the NSDI. The practice of a group of EU countries shows usefulness of incorporating the system solutions concerning the data multiple utilization and regular data assessment into the NSDI legislation.

3

Technika rolnicza a GMO (biotechnologie - bioinżynieria - rośliny transgeniczne)

Roszkowski A.

Inżynieria Rolnicza

|

2007

|

R. 11, nr 8 (96)

219-224

PL

Znaczenie GMO dla rolnictwa. Biotechnologie, bioinżynieria i bioreaktory a inżynieria rolnicza. Uwarunkowania aplikacyjne technologii GMO - środowiskowe, zdrowotne, prawne, ekonomiczne. Systemy zamknięte i otwarte. Aktualne rozwiązania legislacyjne w UE, Polsce i USA.

EN

The meaning of GMO for the agriculture. Biotechnologies, bioengineering and bioreactors and the agricultural engineering. Conditions of application of the GMO technologies - environmental, health, legal and , economic aspects. Closed and open systems. Current legislative solutions in EU, Poland and U.S.A.