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1

Average course approximation of measured subsidence and inclinations of mining area by smooth splines

Orwat J., Mielimąka R.

Journal of Sustainable Mining

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2017

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Vol. 16, iss. 1

8--13

EN

The results of marking average courses of subsidence measured on the points of measuring line no. 1 of the “Budryk” Hard Coal Mine, set approximately perpendicularly to a face run of four consecutively mined longwalls in coal bed 338/2 have been presented in the article. Smooth splines were used to approximate the average course of measured subsidence after subsequent exploitation stages. The minimising of the sum of the squared differences between the average and forecasted subsidence, using J. Bialek's formula, was used as a selection criterion of parameter values of smoothing an approximating function. The parameter values of this formula have been chosen in order to match forecasted subsidence with measured ones. The average values of inclinations have been calculated on the basis of approximated values of observed subsidence. It has been shown that by doing this the average values of extreme measured inclinations can be obtained in almost the same way as extreme observed inclinations. It is not necessary to divide the whole profile of a subsidence basin into parts. The obtained values of variability coefficients of a random scattering for subsidence and inclinations are smaller than their values which occur in the literature.

2

Identification and Assessment of Selected Handwritten Function Graphs Using Least Square Approximation Combined with General Hough Transform

Bieniecki W., Stoliński S.

Image Processing & Communications

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2017

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Vol. 22, no. 4

23--42

EN

The paper provides a comparison of three variants of algorithms for automatic assessment of some xamination tasks involving sketching a function graph based on image processing. Three types of functions have been considered: linear, quadratic, and trigonometric. The assumption adopted in the design of the algorithm is to map the way the examiner assesses the solutions and to achieve the evaluation quality close to the one obtained in manual evaluation. In particular, the algorithm should not reject a partly correct solution and also extract the correct solution from other lines, deletions and corrections made by a student. Essential subproblems to solve in our scheme concern image segmentation, object identification and automatic understanding. We consider several techniques based on Hough Transform, least square fitting and nearest neighbor based classification. The most reliable solution is an algorithm combining least square fitting and Hough Transform.

3

GNSS positioning algorithms using methods of reference point indicators

Oszczak B.

Artificial Satellites : Journal of Planetary Geodesy

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2014

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Vol. 49, No. 1

21--32

EN

The GNSS standard positioning solution determines the coordinates of the GNSS receiver and the receiver clock offset from measurements of at least four pseudoranges. For GNSS positioning, a direct solution was derived for five and ten observed satellites without linearisation of the observation equations and application of the least squares method. The article presents the basic principles of methods for solving the positioning problem, the formulas and their derivation. The numerical examples with simulated pseudorange data confirm the correct performance of the proposed algorithm. The presented algorithms should be further tested with real measurements in other domains of positioning and navigation as well.

4

A novel method for detecting light source for digital images forensic

Roy A. K., Mitra S. K., Agrawal R.

Opto-Electronics Review

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2011

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Vol. 19, No. 2

211-218

EN

Manipulation in image has been in practice since centuries. These manipulated images are intended to alter facts - facts of ethics, morality, politics, sex, celebrity or chaos. Image forensic science is used to detect these manipulations in a digital image. There are several standard ways to analyze an image for manipulation. Each one has some limitation. Also very rarely any method tried to capitalize on the way image was taken by the camera. We propose a new method that is based on light and its shade as light and shade are the fundamental input resources that may carry all the information of the image. The proposed method measures the direction of light source and uses the light based technique for identification of any intentional partial manipulation in the said digital image. The method is tested for known manipulated images to correctly identify the light sources. The light source of an image is measured in terms of angle. The experimental results show the robustness of the methodology.