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Current Trends in Sorghum Use, Grain Yield and Water Consumption Depending on the Hybrid Composition

Gamayunova Valentina, Honenko Lubov, Baklanova Tetiana, Pilipenko Tetiana

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2023

Vol. 24, iss. 6

211-220

The success of the crop production industry in the southern region of Ukraine always depended on weather and climatic factors. Among the factors of crop formation, the availability of moisture in plants occupied the first place. This dependence has been increasing in recent decades due to changes in the climatic conditions occurring not only in Ukraine, but also around the world. In this situation, it is necessary to improve the known elements of field crop cultivation technology and develop new measures to ensure the stability of the industry as well as reduce its dependence on climatic factors. This should help to obtain stable yield levels in all years, regardless of the significant deviations in temperature, precipitation and other weather factors. The solution of this issue is also becoming relevant in connection with the conditions of martial law in Ukraine, when the area of cultivation of agricultural products partially decreased. Adjustments to the development of measures also arise in connection with a significant reduction in the area of irrigated land. At the same time, it is necessary to select not only more drought-resistant crops for cultivation, but even their varieties or hybrids with a high level of productivity. After all, regardless of the specified state and a certain weakening of the economic capacity of agricultural enterprises, it is still necessary to receive the planned amount of crop production. This will determine not only the state of the agricultural sector, but also the stability of Ukraine as a whole.

Influence of Chloride Salinity on Cadmium uptake by Nicotiana tabacum in a Rhizofiltration System

Lopez-Chuken Ulrico Javier, Barceló-Quintal Icela Dagmar, Ramirez-Lara Evangelina, Cantu-Cardenas Maria Elena, Villarreal-Chiu Juan Francisco, Beltran-Rocha Julio Cesar, Guajardo-Barbosa Claudio, Castillo-Zacarias Carlos Jesus, Gomez-Salazar Sergio, Orozco-Guareno Eulogio

Archives of Environmental Protection

2021

Vol. 47, no. 1

35--40

A hydroponic trial was conducted to study the effect of chloride salinity in simulated effluent on Cd accumulation by tobacco. Leaf surface area (LSA) and root surface area (RSA) measurements were incorporated as possible determinants of Cd uptake rate by plants. Results showed that individual plant differences in Cd content were normalized when including RSA to express Cd uptake rates by plants but not including LSA. A biotic ligand model (BLM) fitted to predict Cd uptake, estimated active and almost linear uptake of the free Cd2+ ion by tobacco plants, while virtually no changes in the chloride complex (CdCl+) uptake were predicted, presumably due to a rapid saturation of the hypothetical root sorption sites at the concentrations used in this trial. Nicotiana tabacum var. K326 is evidenced to be a species potentially suitable for biological wastewater treatment using rhizofiltration at concentrations commonly found in salt-affected wastewater, with high Cd accumulation (185 to 280 mg/kgdm) regardless of water salinity and tolerance up to 80 mmol/L NaCl.