In this paper, results of theoretical considerations of calculations of crooked beams are presented. Analytic relations between displacements of the beam axis, deformations of the beam, area of transversal section and Young's modulus and external loads are used for calculation of beams of any curvature. The equations derived herein can be used for calculation of large displacements of beams of any curvature, also for composite leaf springs.
In this paper research results of ability vibration's suppression steel and composite leaf springs were presented. Polymeric composite leaf springs and steel were studied. Composite leaf springs were made from epoxy-glass composite reinforcement by glass fibre. Composite springs became designed to can replace steel spring of van. Executed investigations base on dynamic loadings of leaf springs and registering of vibrations amplitude and reaction of props. Load was realized through lowering from definite height of mass which hit into spring wresting it from balance. Mass stayed on spring to total atrophy of vibrations. Measured and registered parameters permitted to count logarithmic decrement suppressions of tremblings and coefficient of suppression of tremblings. This coefficient was counted for composite and steel leaf springs. Basic exploational parameters of leaf springs were compared as well as basic advantages of applying to vehicles building of composite materials were analysed. Analyses lead to conclusion that composite leaf springs in comparison to steel springs: about three times better suppress of tremblings, they are about five times lighter and give smaller dynamic burdens of vehicles body. Wide applying of composites materials on carrying structures of vehicles will contribute to lower of vehicles mass and to decrease of emission greenhouses gases.
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In this paper, results of research on vibration suppression in steel and composite leaf springs are presented. Polymeric composite leaf springs and steel springs are studied. Composite leaf springs were made of an epoxy-glass composite reinforced with glass fibre. Composite springs were designed in such a way that they could replace steel springs in a van. Static and dynamic examinations of both the springs were performed. The amplitude of vibrations and the reaction of props were measured and recorded. These parameters rendered it possible to calculate the logarithmic decrement of vibration suppression and the coefficient of vibration suppression for steel and composite leaf springs. The results are presented in tables and graphs. It is concluded that composite leaf springs in comparison to steel springs about three times better suppress vibrations , they are about five times lighter and generate smaller dynamic burdens to vehicle bodies.
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W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań wybranych właściwości materiału piór resorowych. Badania miały na celu przeanalizowanie problematyki określania przyczyn uszkodzeń piór. Najczęściej obserwowaną, bezpośrednią, przyczyną przełomu, było występowanie mikropęknięć. Wyniki analizy składu chemicznego, badań makro- i mikroskopowych oraz badań twardości nie zawsze pozwalają wskazać jednoznaczne przyczyny powstawania mikropęknięć w materiale.
EN
Results of chosen proprieties research of material of leaf spring are introduced in this paper. The research was in view the recognition of determination problems of damages causes. Micro-cracks occurrence was the most often observed. direct, cause of fractures. Chemical analysis, macro- and microscopic examination and hardness research not always makes possible to indicate reasons of formation micro-cracks in material.
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The paper discusses an occurence of latent reaction in the direction perpendicular to the movement of the suspension systems in vibratory machines supported by parallel leaf springs. These reactions occur despite an apparent lack of any forces acting in that direction and may - for long machines bodies - reach values comparable with the exciting force of the vibrator. Analytical relationships allowing for estimation of the value of reactions were derived. The obtained results were veryfied by means of the Geometric Element Method as well as by the preformed experiments.
PL
W pracy wskazano na występowanie w maszynach wibracyjnych podpartych na układzie równoległych resorów reakcji na kierunku wzdłużnym resorów. Reakcje te występują przy pozornym braku wymuszeń na tym kierunku i dla długich korpusów maszyn osiągać mogą wartości porównywalne z siłą wymuszającą wibratora. Wyprowadzono zależności analityczne dla określenia wartości tych reakcji i przeprowadzono ich weryfikację za pomocą analizy układu z wykorzystaniem metody elementów geometrycznych jak również weryfikacji doświadczalnej.
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