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Growth and Development of Sweet Corn Plants in the Agro-Ecological Conditions of the Western Region of Ukraine

Hryhoriv Yaroslava, Butenko Andrii, Masyk Ihor, Onychko Tetiana, Davydenko Gennadiy, Bondarieva Liudmyla, Hotvianska Anna, Horbunova Karine, Yevtushenko Yevhen, Mykola Vandyk

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2023

Vol. 24, iss. 4

216--222

The results of research on the influence of growing technology and its individual elements on the growth, development and photosynthetic activity of corn plants hybrid Moreland F1 under conditions of Western region of Ukraine are presented. The purpose of the research was to determine influence of cultivation technology elements on the formation and efficiency of assimilation apparatus of sweet corn plants. Research was conducted during 2019–2021 on sod–podzolic soil using field, calculation–weighting, and mathematical–statistical methods. Dynamics peculiarities of individual leaf surface area of the plant and agrocenosis of corn as a whole by the stages of crop development have been determined. Based on the results of statistical and correlation analyses, dependences between main indices of photosynthetic activity and corn yielding capacity, as well as those that change the most under influence of agrotechnology elements, were determined. Reaction of the crop on the change in intensity level of cultivation technology has been established, which is manifested through the functional response of individual photosynthetic plant system and the crop as a whole and is expressed in strengthening of their assimilation activity. Optimal limits of biometric indices of photosynthetic activity of sweet corn plants in crops when being reached, a productive grain yield is formed, have been presented.

Features of the Assimilation Surface of Sweet Cherry Trees of Different Ripening Terms

Shubenko Lidiia A., Shokh Svitlana S., Pavlichenko Andrii A., Karpuk Lesia M., Prymak Ivan D., Filipova Larysa M., Titarenko Oksana S., Strutynska Yulia V.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2022

Vol. 23, iss. 4

101--106

The article presents the results of a study of the assimilation surface of sweet cherry trees of different pomological cultivars. The aim of the research was to study the morphological and varietal characteristics of the deciduous cover of sweet cherry trees, depending on the timing of fruit ripening. As a result of observations and analysis, the morphological features of the leaf apparatus of trees, leaf area and total leaf surface were determined as one of the main indicators of the photosynthetic potential of fruit trees. It was established that a characteristic feature of the varieties Turquoise, Drogana yellow and Donetsk coal was an increase in the area of the leaf blade with the age of the trees. Sweet cherry cultivars of late ripening were characterized by a smaller area of the leaf blade compared to cultivars of early and medium maturity. The size of the leaf blade did not depend on the strength of the growth of the fruit tree. A vigorous cultivar Mliyevska yellow and medium-sized Mirage had the maximum area of the leaf blade. The smallest size was found in the undersized variety Turquoise and medium-sized Alionushka.The area of the leaf blade significantly depended on the pomological cultivar of sweet cherry trees, scab damage and freezing of the trees. It was established that with age, the volume of fruit tree crowns of the cultivars of different ripening terms slightly increased. This was most clearly expressed for the Amazon cultivar, where the increase in crown volume was 11.96 m3, and the smallest increase was for the Donetsk coal cultivar – 1.0 m3. A high degree of land area development was inherent in trees with more spreading crowns. The varieties Amazonka, Dar Mliyeva and Aborihenka have mastered the feeding area allocated by the planting scheme more effectively. The activity of the passage of photosynthesis processes and the productivity of plantations at the age of 6-8 years were negatively affected by the low area of deciduous cover of sweet cherry plantations – 14-35% of the optimal one.