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Environmental heterogeneity controls organic-matter dynamics in river-floodplain ecosystems

Langhans Simone D., Tiegs Scott D., Uehlinger Urs, Tockner Klement

Polish Journal of Ecology

2006

Vol. 54, nr 4

675-680

Environmental heterogeneity is a key regulator of ecological processes. Riverine floodplains are particularly heterogeneous and dynamic systems and loss of their natural environmental heterogeneity and dynamism as a consequence of human impacts constitutes their most serious threat. On river floodplains, flow and flood pulses create a shifting mosaic of channels, ponds, bars, islands, and riparian forest patches. Composition and spatial arrangement of these habitat patches determine their degree of connectivity, which in turn controls the flux of matter and energy among adjacent patches. In light of these attributes, riverine floodplains are model ecosystems for studying the effect of heterogeneity on ecological processes. In this article we introduce a conceptual model for river-floodplain ecosystems that unifies leaf decomposition, organic-matter input, storage and quality, and stresses the importance of the flow and inundation regime. In combining these aspects of organic matter dynamics, which have been treated separately in the ecological literature, this model fosters a more holistic perspective of ecosystem processes on riverine floodplains. We conclude that the linkage between natural heterogeneity and ecosystem processes needs to be considered in future river-floodplain restoration projects.

The impact of fungi and macroinvertebrates on the breakdown of beech and ash leaves in a woodland stream

Fleituch T.

Polish Journal of Ecology

2001

Vol. 49, nr 4

359-368

This study examines the relationship between the breakdown of beech (Fagus silvatica L.) and ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) leaves and then aquatic fungi and macroinvertebrate assemblages by exposing leaves in different mesh bags (coarse and fine) in a mountain stream over seven months. The % of ash free dry mass remaining differed significantly between two categories of bags, leaf taxa, and time intervals. Ash breakdown was more rapidly than the breakdown of beech. The first sporulation peak was observed in 6 week on ash and the second peak in 12 week on beech leaves (1019 and 848 conidia mg^-1 dry mass day^-1, respectively). Total biomass of invertebrates correlated with fungi biomass on beech leaves. The gathering collectors were significantly associated with fungi biomass on ash leaves. Number of shredders (e.g. Nemoura spp., Protonemoura sp., Capnia sp.), filtrators (Simuliidae, Ephemera vulgaris L.), and scrapers (Heptageniidae) showed no relationship with any leaf characteristic, suggesting that coarse leaf bags were used mainly as a habitat and not as a food resource.