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Grinding of conical surfaces of lighting columns with abrasive tools

Latała Dawid, Skoczylas Leszek, Kluz Rafał

Technologia i Automatyzacja Montażu

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2019

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nr 4

29--33

EN

In this paper, the methods for grinding conical surfaces of lighting columns were presented. The operation aims to improve the surface quality of the column and prepare it for the application of a varnish layer. The article describes the methods of grinding with embankment tools using leaf blades and endless straps. The characteristics of the methods and the devices that are used to carry out the process are described. Conclusions on improving work efficiency and safety were presented.

PL

Artykuł przedstawia metody szlifowania powierzchni stożkowych na przykładzie procesu powstawania słupów oświetleniowych. Scharakteryzowano metody szlifowania materiałami nasypowymi z zastosowaniem tarcz listkowych oraz taśm bezkońcowych. Opisano charakterystykę metod oraz przedstawiono urządzenia, które są wykorzystywane do szlifowania słupów oświetleniowych. Opracowano wnioski dotyczące poprawy wydajności oraz bezpieczeństwa pracy.

2

The variability of selected features of Gladiolus imbricatus L. in relation to successive stages of meadow communities following the mowing cessation

Kostrakiewicz-Gierałt K.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2014

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Vol. 62, nr 2

307--321

EN

Molinietum caeruleae meadows belong to the most endangered plant communities in Central Europe, nowadays suffering due to the lack of management. The land abandonment promotes strong secondary expansion of macroforbs, sedges or willows, contributing to decrease of the species diversity. In light of these findings very interesting seems to be the evaluation of the variability of features of populations of rare meadow species. In Poland one of strictly protected plant is Gladiolus imbricatus L. It is a tuberous, clonal plant with sword-like leaves and tall stalks bearing purple flowers collected in one-sided inflorescence. The studies of spatio-temporal variability of selected features of subpopoulations of Gladiolus imbricatus were carried out in the years 2009-2011 in Kraków-Kostrze (Southern Poland) in patches of Molinietum caeruleae with different species composition. In Patch I chiefly occurred small meadow species, Patch II was prevailed by shrub willow, Patch III was dominated by tallgrowing macroforbs, Patch IV was characterized by substantial share of large-tussock grasses, while Patch V was overgrown by tall rhizomatous grass Phragmites communis. The plant canopy height and ground moisture raised from Patch I, via Patches II, III and IV, to Patch V. Moreover, in all sites the above mentioned parameters increased moderately in consecutive seasons. The decline of abundance of subpopulations observed in the consecutive years and in the successive patches might be caused by a mortality of individuals, a physical damage of tubers, as well as a prolonged dormancy of genets. The structure of developmental stages were similar in consecutive years but differed significantly among Patches. The increasing trend toward senility noted in successive sites could be an effect of lack of microsites suitable for seedling recruitment or absence of vegetative regeneration. The dimensions of leaf blades, flowering stalks and inflorescences remained similar in the subsequent seasons, but they augmented significantly in the successive patches. The length and the width of capsules did not change significantly between seasons and sites. Concluding, it might be assumed, that the perspectives for survivability of subpopulations diminish gradually from Patch I, via Patches II, III and IV to Patch V. Simultaneously, it should be pointed out that prospects for persistence in each place steadily decrease in effect of continuous deterioration of site conditions.

3

Effect of different concentrations of Kelpak bioregulator on the formation of above-ground biomass cocksfoot

Sosnowski J., Jankowski K., Wiśniewska-Kadżajan B, Jankowska J.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2013

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Vol. 14, nr 1

48--52

EN

Studies with growing cocksfoot (cv. Amila) were performed in polyurethane ring with a diameter of 36 cm and a height of 40 cm, which were dug to a depth of 30 cm and filled with soil material. As the experimental factor the trade name of bioregulator Kelpak SL was used, which includes natural plant hormones (auxin and cytokinin). The following aqueous solutions of growth regulator were used: 20, 40, and 60% and control (no preparation). Kelpak were applied to all three regrowth in the form of spray at a dose of 3cm3ring-1 in the shoots elongation phase of the grass. The full use of experimental objects was in 2011-2012. At that time, the detailed study include aboveground biomass yield (g DM•ring-1), leaf length (cm), width of the base of the leaf blade (cm), leaf greenness index (SPAD). On the basis of morphological leaf characters the ratio of leaf blade shaping and the ratio of their surface were calculated. The study showed a significant influence of growth regulator on the development of aboveground biomass of cocksfoot. The greatest effect was obtained with the use of sprays of solutions with a concentration 40 and 60%.