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1 2025

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Mimetite precipitation on Pb-clinoptilolite: an effective approach for arsenate removal from water

Stępień Ewa, Manecki Maciej, Bajda Tomasz

Mineralogia

2025

Vol. 56, iss. 1

44--51

This short communication proposes a novel approach to arsenate remediation using in situ precipitation of mimetite [Pb₅(AsO₄)₃Cl], a sparingly soluble mineral phase with an apatite structure. The Pb²⁺ source was provided by a lead-modified zeolite (clinoptilolite) loaded with approximately 70 g Pb/kg. It was reacted with arsenate (50 mg As/L) and chloride (20 mg Cl/L) at initial pH values of 2 and 7. Mimetite crystallized on and in the vicinity of zeolite due to the reaction of Pb(II) desorbed from zeolite with arsenate and chloride ions present in aqueous solution: 5Pb2+ desorbed from zeolite +3AsO3-(4) contamination +Cl-supplied extra =Pb5(As)4)3Cl precipitated. Mimetite formed rapidly resulting in efficient arsenate sequestration. At pH 7, arsenate removal reached 99.88% after 24 hr, with minimal lead release (<0.02 mg/L). These results demonstrate that lead-modified clinoptilolite is a promising material for a coupled sorption–precipitation mechanism which provides an effective strategy for arsenic immobilization in contaminated aqueous systems.