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Late Holocene changes in vegetation of the Mrągowo Lakeland (NE Poland) as registered in the pollen record from Lake Salęt

Szal M, Kupryjanowicz M., Wyczółkowski M

Studia Quaternaria

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2014

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Vol. 31, Nr 1

51--60

EN

Pollen analysis of sediments from the upper part of bottom deposits from Lake Salęt allowed reconstruction of main stages of the Late Holocene vegetation transformation in the Mrągowo Lake District (from ca. 3600 cal. years BC) and to correlate some of these changes with immigration and economic activity of local human groups. Significant spreading of secondary semi-natural birch forest, development of hornbeam forest and increasing importance of anthropogenic open communities were the most characteristic features of vegetation evolution. A definite breakdown of elm took place between 2900 and 2500 cal. years BC, slightly after increased contribution of birch in woodlands. Disappearance of hazel around 1200 cal. years BC, accompanied by expansion of hornbeam has been observed and should be linked with activity of the Ząbie-Szestno type culture and the Lusatian culture tribes during the Bronze Age, but not with a climate change. Considerable intensification of settlement processes recorded in the younger part of the Subatlantic chronozone was one of the important reasons that were responsible for quick changes in forest structure. Strong and continued deforestation started as early as the end of the 10th century AD and was substantially intensified in the first half of the 13th century.

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Molluscan assemblages in Late Holocene deposits in Busko-Zdrój (Nida Basin, Southern Poland)

Alexandrowicz W. P., Gołas-Siarzewska M.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2013

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Vol. 39, no. 1

5--19

EN

Late Holocene deposits containing abundant and well-preserved malacofauna were exposed within the Spa Park in Busko-Zdrój. Molluscan shells were found in sand, dark muds and calcareous muds. Dark and calcareous muds are intercalated by fine-grained sand and peat devoid of malacofauna. Ali these deposits were accumulated on swampy, flat bottom of wide river valley. The result of radiocarbon dating has shown that the formation of the deposits started in the upper part of the Subboreal Phase. Numerous Late Medieval portery shards were found in several topmost profile sections. The identified malacofauna suggests that similar climatic and habitat conditions prevailed throughout the entire sedimentation period. Snails typical of open habitats, accompanied by hygrophilous taxa, play a dominant role. Mesophilous and aquatic taxa occur in accessory proportions, while shadow-loving forms are virtually absent.

3

Algal and invertebrate microfossil assemblages from lake sediments in the reconstruction of past community dynamics - preliminary information

Antipushina Z, Szeroczyńska K, Zawisza E.

Studia Quaternaria

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2012

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Vol. 29

53--58

EN

This paper focuses on the usefulness of a palaeolimnological method called the joint algological and zoological analysis. The joint algo-zoological analysis involves counting all identifiable remains of the main algae groups (Bacillario- phyta, Cyanophyta, Desmidiales, other Chlorophyta, Trachelomonas sp.) and invertebrate groups (Cladocera, Ostra- coda, Chironomidae, Chaoborus sp., and other insects, Turbellaria, Bryozoa, Spongia and Testacida) in volumetric samples. We present results from recent sediments of Lake Glubokoe (Moscow region, Russia) as an example of the application of this method. We reconstruct the structure of phytoplankton, zooplankton and zoobenthos communities and their dynamics over the last 25 years. Our results support the validity of this method in the reconstruction of the structure of phyto- and zooplankton communities and their dynamics, information that may be lost when carrying out separate analyses for individual groups. Simplicity is another advantage of this methodology.

4

First note on marine-like cementation of late Holocene Beachrock, Iznik Lake (Turkey)

Erginal A. E., Kiyak N. G., Ozturk M. Z., Yigitbas E.

Geochronometria

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2012

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Vol. 39, no. 1

76-83

EN

Micro-fabric characteristics and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating results are presented to discuss the controlling agents and timing of beachrock cementation on the fresh-water Iznik Lake shoreline. The beachrocks are made up of grain-supported polygenic conglomerate con-taining 20.42% carbonate with encrusted grains, basically as micrite coatings, isopachous aragonite rims, cryptocrystalline void fills and meniscus bridges. The optical ages of twelve samples yielded ages that range from 4.226š0.569 ka on the lowermost beds to 0.706š0.081 on the uppermost. This is the first report of precipitation of marine-like cements in Iznik Lake. The abundant aragonite-dominated cement is likely indicative of precipitation-prone dry evaporative conditions from the cli-matic optimum to the last millennia.

5

Malakofauna i fazy rozwoju osuwiska w Tylce kolo Krościenka (Pieniny)

Alexandrowicz W. P.

Geologia / Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie

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2009

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T. 35, z. 2/1

69-75

EN

The landslide is ranking on western slope of the White Stream valley. Two colluvial barrier and accompanied them dammed-lakes have been formed. Deposits filling these lakes contains rich molluscan communities. Additionally the occurrence of plant remains allowed to dating deposits using radiocarbon method. These data make possible to reconstruction of the history of this landslide during Late Holocene.

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Late holocene water-level changes in lake iso lehmalampi, southern finland, reflected in subfossil cladocerans and chironomids

Nevalainen L., Luoto T.P., Sarmaja-Korjonen K.

Studia Quaternaria

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2008

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Vol. 25

33-42

EN

Analyses of subfossil cladocerans (Crustacea: Cladocera) and chironomids (Diptera: Chironomidae) were applied to examine water-level changes in a small and oligotrophic lake in southern Finland over the past 2000 years. Major changes in the invertebrate communities occurred ca. 400 AD onwards when the littoral cladoceran Alonella nana started to replace the planktonic Eubosmina as the dominant species and chironomids Psectrocladius sordidellus group and Zalutschia zalutschicola increased. These changes were most likely due to a decreasing water level and an enlarging proportion of the littoral area, providing suitable vegetative habitats, e.g. aquatic bryophytes (mosses), for these taxa. The lowering water level reached its minimum just before the Medieval Warm Period, ca. 800-1000 AD, after which the lake level rose again and remained high until modern times. A prominent change in the chironomid assemblages occurred during the 20th century when Ablabesmyia monilis and Chironomus anthracinus type increased, presumably due to changes in water chemistry, caused by anthropogenic load of pollutants.

7

A diatom record of late Holocene environmental changes in the Gulf of Gdańsk

Witak M.

Oceanological Studies

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2000

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Vol. 29, No. 2

57-74

EN

The aim of this study was to analyse fossil and subfossil diatom floras preserved in a sediment core taken from the Gulf of Gdansk, near the eastern end of the Hel Peninsula. The diatom record, supported by lithology and radiocarbon data, indicates environmental changes during the later stages of development of the Baltic Sea. In the Litorina Sea stage the diatom flora developed under marine conditions, whereas during the Post-Litorina stage there was a decrease in salinity. During the Subatlantic period the sublittoral diatom flora was replaced by shallow water diatoms originating from the coastal zone, and were redeposited in the deeper part of the basin. In the surface sediments the change to a presumably anthropogenically-influenced diatom flora can be attributed to the eutrophication of the Gulf of Gdańsk.

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Późnoholoceński standard dendrochronologiczny dla jodły Abies alba Mill. z obszaru południowej Polski

Szychowska-Krąpiec E.

Geologia / Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie

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2000

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T. 26, z. 2

173-299

PL

Celem pracy było skonstruowanie wielowiekowego standardu dendrochronologicznego dla drewna jodły pospolitej (Abies alba Mill.) z obszaru południowej Polski. Zestawiona, wielowiekowa chronologia regionalna obejmuje okres 1106-1998 AD i jest pierwszą w Polsce chronologią umożliwiającą datowanie drewna tego gatunku z dokładnością roczną. W jej skład weszło 410 prób jodłowych, reprezentujących drewno pochodzące z: obiektów architektonicznych, wykopalisk archeologicznych, drewnianych obudów Kopalni Soli w Wieliczce i drzew rosnących. Standard ten posiada wielokrotną replikację i charakteryzuje się silnym sygnałem dendrochronologicznym o dużym zasięgu geograficznym, dzięki czemu możliwe jest datowanie bezwzględne drewna jodłowego z obszaru całej południowej Polski. W trakcie prowadzonych badań wydatowano m.in.: zabytkowe kościoły w Haczowie i Paczółtowicach, cerkiew w Ropkach, ołtarz w kościele w Barcicach, strop budynku Muzeum Collegium Maius w Krakowie, około 40 drewnianych obudów wyrobisk górniczych I poziomu Kopalni Soli w Wieliczce.

EN

The research was aimed at construction of long dendrochronological standard for the fir (Abies alba Mill.) from the area of southern Poland. The produced regional chronology, spanning the period 1106-1998 AD, is the first Polish fir chronology enabling dating of wood of this species with one year's accuracy. It was based on 410 fir samples representing timbers from architectural objects, archaeological excavations, timberings from the Wieliczka Salt Mine, as well as living trees. The standard is multiply replicated and characterized by strong dendrochronological signal of large geographical extent. This enables absolute dating of fir timbers from the whole area of southern Poland. The investigations resulted in dating of numerous objects: old churches in Haczów and Paczółtowice, the orthodox church in Ropki, the altar of the church in Barcice, the ceiling of the Collegium Maius building in Kraków, as well as around 40 timberings from the first level in the Wieliczka Salt Mine.