Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Black Cherry (Prunus serotina) Invasion in a Scots Pine Forest : Relationships between Soil Properties and Vegetation

Halarewicz A., Pruchniewicz D., Kawałko D.

Polish Journal of Ecology

|

2017

|

Vol. 65, nr 2

295--302

EN

Prunus serotina Ehrh. is a rapidly expanding invasive in European temperate forests, threatening native species biodiversity. Three alternative models, ‘the passenger’, ‘the driver’, and ‘the opportunist’ were used to determine the interactions between the invasive species, the native community, and features of the habitat. To assess the relationships between soil properties and species composition of a Scots pine forest invaded by P. serotina, we randomly selected twelve research plots in each of four stands in the south-western part of Poland. We used the phytosociological relevé method and determined selected soil properties (total nitrogen, organic carbon, and pH value) in the organic and humus horizons. Based on redundancy analysis, we determined that selected soil properties explained 38% of the total variation in species composition of the Scots pine forest with P. serotina, indicating that community interactions followed the ‘passenger’ model. At the same time, we found that P. serotina invaded via the ‘driver’ model, since the decrease in soil C:N ratio correlated with black cherry presence, and showed a significant impact on the floristic diversity in the invaded phytocenoses. We conclude that soil parameters seem to facilitate the invasion of P. serotina, and comprise the consequences of this process.

2

Organization of Club Moss Gametophytes and Juvenile Sporophyte Populations in Pine Forests

Rimgailė-Voicik R., Naujalis J. R., Voicikas A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

|

2015

|

Vol. 63, nr 4

467--480

EN

Initial populations of club mosses were investigated in pine forests of southern Lithuania (ass. Cladonio-Pinetum and Vaccinio vitis-idaeae-Pinetum). Results show that populations of lycophyta gametophytes in some forest sites can be abundant (up to 500 individuals in a square meter). All juvenile populations were found in localities where recorded tree canopy cover was 30% or less. Localization of subterranean gametophyte populations was determined by juvenile club mosses. We mapped locations of all Lycopodium L. and Diphasiastrum Holub. juvenile sporophytes and gametophytes that occurred within three randomly selected and excavated 0.25 m2 sample plots at four pine forest sites in different localities in southern Lithuania. The developmental stage of each individual was recorded. Eight out of twelve soil samples from four research localities contained subterranean gametophytes. In total 277 gametophytes and 124 juvenile sporophytes were recorded. The developmental stage and size of the gametophytes varied. Gametophytes were divided into six categories on the basis of external features. Spatial distribution of gametophytes and juvenile sporophytes were evaluated using a nearest neighbor analysis (NNA). Our results suggest that initial populations of gametophytes in pine forests are multi-aged and display a relatively stable degree of spatial aggregation. Greater aggregation occurred among juvenile sporophytes.

3

Prognosis Content of Heavy Metals in Soil and Herbaceous Plants in Selected Pine Forests in the Słowiński National Park

Parzych A., Sobisz Z., Trojanowski J.

Archives of Environmental Protection

|

2012

|

Vol. 38, no. 4

35-47

EN

This paper presents the results of study on heavy metals in soil and in herbaceous plants in selected pine forests in Słowiński National Park. The heavy metals, such as Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe were studied. Concentrations of zinc in tested soil are strongly and very strongly related to manganese and copper content (r = 0.57 do r = 0.98, p < 0.05). Moreover, the soil moistening has vital impact on copper content in the plants of the ground cover. It was also found that moss in comparison to other forest plants captures higher volume of zinc and copper. The content of the above mentioned metals in the plants of dry coniferous forests (Bs), fresh coniferous forests (Bśw) and humid coniferous forests (Bw) of the ground cover constitute the following decreasing series: Mn(438.1) > Fe(98.6) > Zn(35.2) > Cu(3.5).

4

Species richness and abundance of insects during post-fire succession of Pinus brutia forest in Mediterranean region

Kaynas B., Gurkan B.

Polish Journal of Ecology

|

2008

|

Vol. 56, nr 1

165-172

EN

In the Marmaris National Park (located on the Mediterranean coast of SW Turkey) mostly covered with Pinus brutia forests, four sites were selected to study the postfire successional trends in vegetation and insect communities. The sites represented: 1, 5, and 21 years after fire as well as control site (more than 45 years after fire). On the study plots (0.5 ha) the insects were collected with the sweep net swung along three transects each of 100 m length, in monthly intervals between August 2000 and September 2001. The number of plant species decreased from 41 to 32 along succession, as well as the number of stage-specific species but the mean height of vegetation increased with successional stage. The abundance and species richness of herbivorous insects decreased along succession as well as two main herbivore groups - xylophagous id sap-feeders. However, no major changes were found between the sites in terms of abundance or species richness of predators. This decrease in : herbivorous forms may be a result of changes in the plant architecture and vegetation structure between post-fire successional stages.

5

Seasonal changes of nitrogen and phosphorus content in soil organic horizons in chosen forest sites of the Słowiński National Park [commun.]

Trojanowski J., Parzych A.

Archiwum Ochrony Środowiska

|

2007

|

Vol. 33, no. 3

97-106

EN

In this paper there has been presented a part of complex examinations results referring to seasonal changes of the amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus in the upper organic levels of the two chosen forest ecosystems. The dynamics of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds were to a great extent affected by the humidity of genetic levels. Content changes of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds in the examined organic levels show cyclic seasonal variability. Average contents of nitrogen compounds (T-N) in the examined organic levels remained respectively at the level ofl040.7 mg/100gd.m. (I) and 1074.8 mg/100gd.m. (II) in the course of four years. On research plots the content of phosphates was small and remained on average at the similar level. The ratio N: P assumed average values of 9.3 in the case of research plot 1 and 7.6 in the case of research plot II. In the organic levels of the examined soils there dominate quantitatively ammonia ions over nitrate ions, which is connected with the dominance of ammonization processes over nitrification processes. The biggest amounts of the examined biogenes appear in the organic levels in the periods of autumn and spring as it is connected with the processes of mineralization and poor intake of mineral compounds of nitrogen and phosphorus by plants. The minima of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds arc the result of their intensive intake by growing vegetation.

PL

Prezentowana praca obejmuje część wyników kompleksowych badań dotyczących sezonowych zmian koncentracji związków azotu i fosforu w powierzchniowej organicznej warstwie gleby w dwóch odmiennych ekosystemach leśnych. Dynamika związków azotu i fosforu była w znacznym stopniu kształtowana przez wilgotność poziomów genetycznych. Zmiany zawartości związków azotu i fosforu w badanych poziomach organicznych wykazują cykliczną zmienność sezonową. Średnia zawartość azotu ogólnego w badanych warstwach organicznych występowała na poziomic 1040,7 mg/100 g s.m. (I) i 1074,8 mg/100 g s.m. (II) w przeciągu czterech badanych lat. Na obydwu powierzchniach badawczych zawartość fosforu ogólnego była znacznie mniejsza. Stosunek N:P przyjmował przeciętną wartość 9,3 w przypadku powierzchni badawczej I i 7,6 w przypadku powierzchni badawczej II. W poziomach organicznych badanych gleb przeważają ilościowo jony amonowe nad azotanowymi, co wiąże się z przewagą procesów amonifikacji nad procesami nitryfikacji. Największe ilości badanych biogenów występuje w poziomach organicznych w okresach jesienno-wiosennym, gdyż wiąże się to z procesami mineralizacji i słabym pobieraniem mineralnych związków azotu i fosforu przez roślinność. Minima związków azotu i fosforu są wynikiem intensywnego pobierania ich przez wzrastającą szatę roślinną.