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Landslide geohazard monitoring, early warning and stabilization control methods

Bednarczyk Z.

Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica

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2014

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Vol. 36, nr 1

3--13

EN

This paper is a presentation of landslide monitoring, early warning and remediation methods recommended for the Polish Carpathians. Instrumentation included standard and automatic on-line measurements with the real-time transfer of data to an Internet web server. The research was funded through EU Innovative Economy Programme and also by the SOPO Landslide Counteraction Project. The landslides investigated were characterized by relatively low rates of the displacements. These ranged from a few millimetres to several centimetres per year. Colluviums of clayey flysch deposits were of a soil-rock type with a very high plasticity and moisture content. The instrumentation consisted of 23 standard inclinometers set to depths of 5–21 m. The starting point of monitoring measurements was in January 2006. These were performed every 1–2 months over the period of 8 years. The measurements taken detected displacements from several millimetres to 40 cm set at a depth of 1–17 m. The modern, on-line monitoring and early warning system was installed in May 2010. The system is the first of its kind in Poland and only one of several such real-time systems in the world. The installation was working with the Local Road Authority in Gorlice. It contained three automatic field stations for investigation of landslide parameters to depths of 12–16 m and weather station. In-place tilt transducers and innovative 3D continuous inclinometer systems with sensors located every 0.5 m were used. It has the possibility of measuring a much greater range of movements compared to standard systems. The conventional and real-time data obtained provided a better recognition of the triggering parameters and the control of geohazard stabilizations. The monitoring methods chosen supplemented by numerical modelling could lead to more reliable forecasting of such landslides and could thus provide better control and landslide remediation possibilities also to stabilization works which prevent landslides

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Technologia automatycznego monitoringu i wczesnego ostrzegania przed osuwiskami zagrażającymi drogom publicznym w Karpatach

Bednarczyk Z.

Przegląd Komunikacyjny

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2012

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Nr 9

14-21

PL

Na bazie doświadczeń z realizowanego obecnie projektu "System mechatroniczny monitorowania i ostrzegania przed osuwiskami" zaprezentowano nowoczesne metody automatycznego monitoringu wybranych osuwiska karpackich. System finansowany w ramach programu UE Innowacyjna Gospodarka jest pierwszym tego typu w Polsce i powstał dla zabezpieczenia zagrożonego odcinka drogi powiatowej w rejonie Gorlic. Pomiary umożliwiające obserwację osuwisk w czasie rzeczywistym rozpoczęły się w maju 2010 roku i będą wykonywane do końca 2012 roku. Dane uzyskane z czterech stacji pomiarowych gromadzone są w odstępach 1-60 minutowych i transmitowane poprzez sieć telefonii komórkowej GPRS do Internetu na serwer. W skład systemu wchodzą automatyczne urządzenia do pomiaru przemieszczeń wgłębnych, ciśnienia porowego, głębokości wód gruntowych, czujniki temperatury gruntu, temperatury wód gruntowych, wielkości opadów atmosferycznych, temperatury powietrza, wilgotności powietrza oraz ciśnienia atmosferycznego. System zasilany jest przez baterie litowe i panele słoneczne zapewniające jego bezobsługową pracę. Dotychczas wykonane pomiary wykazały dużą aktywność geodynamiczną badanego rejonu do głębokości ok. 12-15m. W pierwszym roku pracy systemu, wielkości obserwowanych przemieszczeń były zmienne na poszczególnych głębokościach i wynosiły od kilku do 18mm. Przemieszczenia nasiliły się po rekordowych opadach atmosferycznych w maju i czerwcu 2010r. Artykuł przedstawia zastosowane metody instrumentacji stoków osuwiskowych oraz użyty sprzęt pomiarowy i jego uwarunkowania w stosunku do występujących warunków geotechnicznych. W podsumowaniu przedstawiono zebrane dotychczas dane osuwiskowe, wnioski dotyczące instalacji oraz przydatności systemu dla przewidywania i przeciwdziałania ruchom osuwiskowym.

EN

Based on the experience of the ongoing project "Mechatronic system of monitoring and warning of landslides" modern automatic monitoring methods of chosen Carpathian landslides are presented. The was funded under the EU Programme Innovative Economy. It is the first of its kind in Poland and was installed to protect the endangered section of public road near the city of Gorlice. The monitoring measurements of landslides in real time started in May 2010 and will be carried out by the end of 2012. The data obtained data from four monitoring stations are collected at intervals of 1-60 minutes and transmitted via the GPRS mobile network to the Internet server. The system includes an automatic device for measuring the ground displacement, the pore pressure, the depth of groundwater, the water and air temperature, the volume of precipitation and the barometric pressure. The system is powered by lithium batteries and solar panels to ensure its maintenance-free operation. So far, the measurements taken showed high activity of landslide high geodynamic landslide activity to a depth of about 12-15m. In the first year of operation of the system, the size of the observed movements were variable at different depths and ranged from several to 18mm. The displacements increased after a record high rainfalls in May and June 2010. The paper presents the methods of instrumentation and the measuring equipment in relation to the existing geotechnical conditions. In conclusion, so far collected landslide data and the usefulness of a system for predicting of landslide movements are presented.

3

Landslide investigations by static sounding with pore pressure measurements (CPTU), ground penetration radar techniques (GPR) and other chosen methods

Bednarczyk Z.

Polish Geological Institute Special Papers

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2004

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Vol. 15

19-28

EN

The main subject of the paper is the practical application of the existing geotechnical and geo-environmental engineering techniques for the purpose of ground characterisation in landslide areas. Special interest is given to the landslide issues in difficult geotechnical and geological conditions and evaluation of soil design parameters by in situ tests. In the paper, usage of CPTU connected with reference laboratory tests, GPR and other monitoring techniques in landslide and potential landslide areas are presented. Research was based on investigations in Polish opencast mines, Carpathian flysch sediments and Norwegian clays. Presented data are based on the exemplar landslide projects. The background of presented CPTU studies is slope stability evaluations of the Polish opencast brown coal mines undertaken during a research stay at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) with support of the Norwegian Research Council and NATO Advanced Fellowship Programme. Landslide investigations by GPR and GPS technique were performed on Carpathian flysch sediments in Lachowice and Wapienne (Poland).