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Investigating the Potential of Landfilled Plastic Waste – A Case Study of Makassar Landfill, Eastern Indonesia

Muis Ramdiana, Al Fariz Reza Darma, Yunus Sattar, Tasrief Robertho, Rachman Indriyani, Matsumoto Toru

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2024

Vol. 25, iss. 3

185--196

Society’s demands for plastic materials continue to increase, but their impact on the environment cannot be denied due to the long decomposition periods. The destination for plastic waste is mostly in landfills. In the case of Indonesia, the Makassar landfill, the largest landfill in the eastern region of Indonesia, has exceeded its capacity and is currently mixed and buried without treatment (open dumping). The main aim of this study is to identify potential plastic waste buried in the landfill. Sampling was conducted at three landfill locations: location 1 is a non-active landfill zone that is no longer used, and locations 2 and 3 are active landfill zones that are still in operational use. The sampling method uses a Hydraulic Rotary Drilling Spindle, with a drilling depth of 0–18 meters for location 1, 0–17 meters for location 2, and 0–13 meters for location 3. The research results show that at location 1, plastic waste contributes to approximately 31% of the total waste in this old landfill zone, including plastic bags and beverage bottles. Meanwhile, at location 2, approximately 22% of plastic waste was found, and at location 3, about 14%. Testing the calorific value of plastic waste gave an average of 29,862 MJ/ton. The plastic waste found in these landfills has the potential to be recycled but requires intensive cleaning processes. Furthermore, this plastic waste can also be utilized as an energy source due to its relatively high calorific value.

Analysis of Optimum Garbage Heaps Age on Recovery of Landfills Dominated by Organic Solid Waste

Abbas Zaulfikar, Utomo Sudarno, Budiyono Budiyono

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2020

Vol. 21, nr 8

91--98

Landfills in developing countries, like Indonesia are dominated by organic solid waste, with water content reaching 80%. It is impossible to manage them by incineration processes. Naturally, all organic material can decompose and produce methane gas, carbon, water, as well as leave blackish fine soil-like material, called compost. Therefore, the recovery of the landfills can be done by using landfill mining methods. However, the benefits, costs, and environmental impacts of landfill mining are highly dependent on landfills age, material characteristics, disposal systems, economic and social development of the community, and climate. The main objective of this study was to analyze the optimum age of garbage heaps to obtain the right time on the recovery of the landfills. Five excavation points were prepared at 4–5, 6–7, 8–9, 10–11, and > 12 years. Each excavated material was dried, separated, and grouped according to each component, and then weighed, tabulated, and shown as a percentage of excavated garbage composition. The result shows that landfill mining can be carried out at a garbage heap aged 8–9 years in which compost landfill mining has obtained at 50%. Other discussions concern the existence of organic and nonorganic components as well as the usage of plastic bags and nappies indicating the lifestyle changes of the people.