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Ecological Risk Assessment for Occurrence of Toxic Elements in Various Land Use Types in Vietnamese Mekong Delta Province

Nhien Huynh Thi Hong, Mi Le Thi Diem, Giao Nguyen Thanh

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 7

121--130

EN

A total of 316 soil samples in the An Giang province were collected from the industrial zone (48 samples), mining (40 samples), farming (112 samples), landfills (88 samples) and cemeteries (28 a samples) to analyze toxic elements, including Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and As. The geoaccumulation index (Igeo), pollutant load index (PLI) and potential ecological risk index (RI) were used to assess pollution levels and ecological risks. The results showed that the concentrations of heavy metals were almost still within the allowable limits of national standards. Cd was not detected. Heavy metals were detected in the soil in the following order: As < Pb < Cu < Zn, mining < industrial < landfill < cultivation < cemetery areas. The heavy metals contributing to soil environmental variability were similarly identified in the cemetery with industry and landfill with farming. The value of Igeo shows that As has a high potential to accumulate in soil in all land uses. The ranges of PLI values presented that the soil in industrial, farming, mining and landfills areas were classified moderate, while the cemetery areas has been rated at a high level. The RI values identified very high, high, and moderate ecological risks for cemetery, industrial and farming land and landfill, mining, respectively. The combination of PLI and RI indices showed that the cemetery areas were at the highest levels of pollution and risk. The results of this study provide scientific information on pollution level and ecological risks in various land use types supporting environmental zoning and managing strategies in the An Giang province.

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Above Ground Carbon Stock across Different Land Use Types in Central Kalimantan Indonesia – First Step Toward Redd Implementation

Afentina, Patimaleh Indra Bayu, Kurniadi

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 8

170--180

EN

Climate change is one of the most critical threats to the human population and other living organisms on Earth. REDD+ is developed as a mechanism to acquire a global fund for addressing climate change, deforestation, and protecting the forest ecosystem while maintaining the livelihood of local communities. As a response to the need for carbon stock measurement at the specific forest and land-use types, this research aimed to estimate the aboveground carbon stock at seven land-use types in KPHP (Forest management unit) Katingan Hulu Central Kalimantan Indonesia. This research was conducted from May to September 2019. The data collected in 91 observation plots included diameter at breast height, total height, and fresh weight of understory vegetation and litter. Using an allometric equation, this research estimated the above-ground carbon stock in trees, understory vegetation, and litter. It was found that AGC varied across different land-use types: secondary peat forest 135.30 Mg C/Ha, secondary forest 212.19 Mg C/Ha, shrub 47.41 Mg C/Ha, oil palm plantation 73.76 Mg C/Ha, rubber plantation 65.56 Mg C/Ha, and forest with rattan 75.98 Mg C/Ha. It was concluded that AGC in KPHP Katingan Hulu varied according to the type of land use system. The forests with less human intervention, such as secondary forests, had higher AGC compared with highly disturbed forests such as shrubs. The findings from this research could help decision-makers to develop the REDD programs to rehabilitate forests and contribute to community development.

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Effects of Agricultural Land Use Change on Fungal Community Composition

Wu M., Zhong G., Meng D., Wei W.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2015

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Vol. 63, nr 3

341--351

EN

Anthropogenic disturbances, such as tillage, management practices, and fertilization, can influence soil microbial communities, but little is known about the effects of land use type on soil fungal communities. In this study, fungal abundance, diversity and community composition in soils were analyzed, to determine the impacts of different agricultural land use types, including old rice paddies (ORP), the long-term and (LTV), short-term (STV) cultivation of vegetables and Magnolia nursery plantations (MNP). Compared to the soils in ORP, the fungal abundance, determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, was significantly higher in soils from LTV fields and lower in those from MNP; the copy numbers of the fungal ITS genes in the LTV soils were 30 times greater than in the MNP soils. The terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) results showed that the fungal community composition was obviously different in the different soils, based on land use type. Only three T-RFs were found in the soils from the LTV fields, followed by seven in the STV soils and nine in the MNP soils; the most (11) T-RFs were found in the ORP soils. Of the measured soil chemical properties, SOC, available P and NO3--N were the dominant factors that influenced the fungal communities based on the canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). The present study showed that conversion from paddy soil to vegetable cultivation changed soil properties, decreased soil fungal diversity, increased fungal abundance, and shifted fungal community composition

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Influence of land use and lithological bedrock category on phosphorus forms in the black earths of the southern part of the Nida Basin

Mazurek R., Zalewski T.

Chemia i Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2005

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Vol. 12, nr 3

275-281

EN

The work aimed at determining the influence of parent rock type upon the content of phosphorus forms in variously utilized black earths localized in the two mesoregions of the Nida Basin: The Miechów Upland and the Proszowice Plateau. The largest quantities of studied phosphorus forms were assessed in surface horizons of the researched arable black earths, whereas the lowest amounts in the analogous horizons of forest soils. Statistical analysis revealed significant1y higher (p < 0.05) content of phosphorus soluble in citric acid in surface horizons of arable lands in comparison with forest soils or meadow soils.

PL

Celem pracy było określenie wpływu rodzaju skał macierzystych na zawartość form fosforu w różnie użytkowanych czarnych ziemiach zlokalizowanych na terenie dwóch mezoregionów Niecki Nidziańskiej: Wyżyny Miechowskiej i Płaskowyżu Proszowickiego. Największe ilości badanych form fosforu obserwowano w powierzchniowych poziomach badanych czarnych ziem użytkowanych omie, a najmniejsze w analogicznych poziomach gleb leśnych. Analiza statystyczna wykazała znacząco większą (p < 0,05) zawartość fosforu rozpuszczalnego w kwasie cytrynowym w poziomach powierzchniowych gleb ornych w porównaniu z glebami leśnymi i użytkowanymi łąkowo.