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1

Analysis of selected compounds in the surface water of lake Oleckie Wielkie

Kluska M., Witkowska-Krajewska E., Marciniuk-Kluska A.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2014

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Vol. 43, No. 2

131--137

EN

The paper presents the results of research on the content of 16 PAH, selected anions and heavy metals in samples collected from Lake Oleckie Wielkie. The samples were collected at seven locations around the lake within about 15 m from the shore in November 2012. The highest total concentration of 16 PAH (68.58 μmol dm−3) was found in water sample no. 7, and the lowest in water samples no. 1, 4 and 5. The obtained results do not exceed the levels of standards accepted in Poland for the surface water. The analysis of collected water samples, performed with the isotachophoresis method, showed a low content (less than 4 mg dm−3) of the analyzed anions: nitrates(V), nitrates(III), chlorides, sulphates(VI), sulphates(IV), phosphates(V) and hydrocarbonates(IV), as well as a low content of the analyzed heavy metals.

2

Total alkaline phosphatase activity of water in the Miedwie Lake (North-West Poland) on the basis of the European Union Water Framework Directive

Daniszewski P.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2013

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Vol. 10, iss. 2

213-217

EN

Water in the Miedwie Lake were the subjects of a five-year study (2008-2010). Total alkaline phosphatase activity was determined seven times a year in these environments. The study on the water demonstrated that the top sublittoral layer (1 m) featured the highest alkaline phosphatase activity among all the analyzed zones. A study of seasonal fluctuations showed that a maximum total alkaline phosphatase activity, both in the water occurred in spring (May) and summer (July, August). Basing on this parameter no increase in eutrophication process in the Miedwie Lake was determined in the course of a 3-year study.

3

Heavy Metal Content in Water of Starzyc Lake (North-West Poland)

Daniszewski P., Konieczny R.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2013

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Vol. 8, iss. 3

269-278

EN

The present research work deals with the quantification of toxic heavy metals in the water samples collected from Lake of Starzyc (North-West Poland). While the annual average concentration of Cd was calculated as 0.30 ppm in 2008 of the year and 0.21 ppm in 2009 of the year. The values obtained were found to be below the permissible limit of 2.0 ppm set for inland surface water. While the annual average concentration of Cr was calculated as 1,73 ppm in 2008 of the year and 1.67 ppm in 2009 of the year. Which was very much above the permissible limit of 0.1 ppm set for inland surface water. The observed annual average concentration of Cu in the water was 0.03 ppm in 2008 of the year and 0.06 ppm in 2009 of the year, which was below the permissible limit of 3.0 ppm set for inland surface water. While the annual average concentration of Hg was calculated as 0.02 ppm in 2008 of the year and 0.03 ppm in 2009 of the year, which was very much above the maximum limit of 0.01 ppm set for inland surface water. The annual average concentration of Ni in the water samples was observed to be 1.80 ppm in 2008 of the year and 2.07 ppm in 2009 of the year, which is close to the limit of 3.0 ppm set for inland surface water. The annual average concentration of Pb in the water samples was observed to be 0.08 ppm in 2008 of the year and 0.07 ppm in 2009 of the year, which is above the permissible limit of 0.1 ppm set for inland surface water. The results of the present investigation indicate that the annual average concentration of Zn in water samples was 3.52 ppm in 2008 of the year and 3.18 ppm in 2009 of the year, which is above the permissible limit of 5.0 ppm set for inland surface water.

4

Heavy Metal Content in Water of Resko Lake (North-West Poland)

Daniszewski P., Konieczny R.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2013

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Vol. 8, iss. 3

279-287

EN

The present research work deals with the quantification of toxic heavy metals in the water samples collected from Lake of Resko (North-West Poland). While the annual average concentration of Cadmium was calculated as 0.34 ppm in 2008 of the year and 0.28 ppm in 2009 of the year. The values obtained were found to be below the permissible limit of 2.0 ppm set for inland surface water. While the annual average concentration of Chromium was calculated as 1,75 ppm in 2008 of the year and 1.97 ppm in 2009 of the year. Which was very much above the permissible limit of 0.1 ppm set for inland surface water. The observed annual average concentration of Copper in the water was 0.05 ppm in 2008 of the year and 0.06 ppm in 2009 of the year, which was below the permissible limit of 3.0 ppm set for inland surface water. While the annual average concentration of Mercury was calculated as 0.03 ppm in 2008 of the year and 0.04 ppm in 2009 of the year, which was very much above the maximum limit of 0.01 ppm set for inland surface water. The annual average concentration of Nickel in the water samples was observed to be 2.07 ppm in 2008 of the year and 2.09 ppm in 2009 of the year, which is close to the limit of 3.0 ppm set for inland surface water. The annual average concentration of Pb in the water samples was observed to be 0.07 ppm in 2008 of the year and 0.05 ppm in 2009 of the year, which is above the permissible limit of 0.1 ppm set for inland surface water. The results of the present investigation indicate that the annual average concentration of Zn in water samples was 3.02 ppm in 2008 of the year and 2.74 ppm in 2009 of the year, which is above the permissible limit of 5.0 ppm set for inland surface water.

5

Heavy Metal Content in Water of Miedwie Lake (North-West Poland)

Daniszewski P, Konieczny R.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2013

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Vol. 10, iss. 2

218-226

EN

The present research work deals with the quantification of toxic heavy metals in the water samples collected from Lake of Miedwie (North-West Poland). While the annual average concentration of Cadmium was calculated as 0.45 ppm in 2008 of the year and 0.29 ppm in 2009 of the year. The values obtained were found to be below the permissible limit of 2.0 ppm set for inland surface water. While the annual average concentration of Chromium was calculated as 2.78 ppm in 2008 of the year and 2.50 ppm in 2009 of the year. Which was very much above the permissible limit of 0.1 ppm set for inland surface water. The observed annual average concentration of Copper in the water was 0.06 ppm in 2008 of the year and 0.05 ppm in 2009 of the year, which was below the permissible limit of 3.0 ppm set for inland surface water. While the annual average concentration of Mercury was calculated as 0.04 ppm in 2008 of the year and 0.04 ppm in 2009 of the year, which was very much above the maximum limit of 0.01 ppm set for inland surface water. The annual average concentration of Nickel in the water samples was observed to be 2.19 ppm in 2008 of the year and 2.42 ppm in 2009 of the year, which is close to the limit of 3.0 ppm set for inland surface water. The annual average concentration of Lead in the water samples was observed to be 0.06 ppm in 2008 of the year and 0.05 ppm in 2009 of the year, which is above the permissible limit of 0.1 ppm set for inland surface water. The results of the present investigation indicate that the annual average concentration of Zinc in water samples was 3.25 ppm in 2008 of the year and 2.95 ppm in 2009 of the year, which is above the permissible limit of 5.0 ppm set for inland surface water.

6

Heavy Metal Content in Water of Bhavan's College Lake of Andheri, Mumbai

Singare P. U., Talpade M. S., Dagli D. V., Bhawe V. G.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2013

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Vol. 8, iss. 2

94-104

EN

The present research work deals with the quantification of toxic heavy metals in the water samples collected from Lake of the Bhavan's College campus of Andheri, Mumbai. The results of the present investigation indicates that yearly average concentration of toxic heavy metals like Pb, Zn, Cr, Fe and Hg was 0.16, 5.56, 2.09, 5.19 and 0.02 ppm respectively which were very much above their permissible limits set for inland surface water, while the yearly average concentration of Ni was found to be 2.76 ppm which was close to the maximum limit of 3.0 ppm. The results of the present investigation points out the need to implement common objectives, compatible policies and programs for improvement in treatment facilities for the treatment of discharged sewage and laboratory effluents.

7

Daily changes in concentrations of selected heavy metals in relation to chlorophyll content in surface water microlayer of lake Gardno

Antonowicz J.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2008

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Vol. 15, nr 4

473-481

EN

Within a 24 h period daily changes in the concentrations of lead, zinc, cadmium, manganese and copper were analyzed using AAS GF and AAS F, together with changes in calcium content, water pH reaction and chlorophyll a content in surface microlayers and in subsurface water of Lake Gardno PL. It was found that the highest capacity to cumulate analyzed heavy metals was recorded for the thinner surface water microlayer with a mean thickness of 100 [mi]m. In turn, in case of calcium and chlorophyll a accumulation of these components in amounts higher than those in subsurface water was not observed in surface microlayers. Moreover, no differences were found in the mean water reaction in analyzed layers. It was observed that concentrations of Za, Mn, Cd, Pb, Cu, chlorophyll a as well as water reaction both in surface microlayers and in subsurface water within 24 h show considerable variation, resulting from transport processes in the vertical profile of a water column.

PL

Przez 24 godziny badano zmiany dobowe stężenia ołowiu, cynku, kadmu, manganu, miedzi metodami AAS GF i AAS F oraz wapnia, odczynu wody i zawartości chlorofilu a w mikrowarstwach powierzchniowych i w wodzie podpowierzchniowej wody jeziora Gardno. Ustalono, że największą zdolność do kumulowania analizowanych metali ciężkich wykazywała cieńsza mikrowarstwa powierzchniowa wody o średniej grubości 100 [mi]m. Natomiast w przypadku wapnia i chlorofilu a nie obserwowano kumulacji tych składników w mikrowarstwach powierzchniowych w ilościach większych niż obserwuje się w wodzie podpowierzchniowej. Ponadto nie stwierdzono różnic w średnim odczynie wody w analizowanych warstwach. Stwierdzono, że stężenie Zn, Mn, Cd, Pb, Cu, chlorofilu a oraz odczyn wody zarówno w mikrowarstwach powierzchniowych, jak i w wodzie podpowierzchniowej w ciągu doby wykazuje znaczącą zmienność wynikającą z procesów transportu w profilu pionowym słupa wody.

8

Multielemental analysis of water of the Swarzędzkie lake using ICP-OES and CV AAS

Gramowska H., Barałkiewicz D.

Chemia i Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2006

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Vol. 13, nr 11

1241-1248

EN

Concentrations of 16 metals (Fe, Na, Se, Hg, Ni, Cu, Mn, Mg, Cd, Al, Cr, As, Ca, Zn, Ba and Pb), determined in the water of Swarzędzkie lake. This reservoir is situated on the border of two towns, Poznań and Swarzędz. In the 1980s, the lake was contaminated with untreated municipal wastewater from the town of Swarzędz (20 thousand inhabitants). In 1991, the flow of wastewater was regulated and over the subsequent years the water quality improved. Samples of water were collected in the deepest place of the lake in every season during the years 2002 and 2003. Analyses were carried out using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry and Atomic Absorption Spectrometry by Cold Vapor techniques. The results were compared with results obtained by other researches. The comparison allows evaluation of the purity level of Swatzędzkie lake with relation to surface waters in different parts of world.

PL

Przeprowadzono badania zawartości w wodzie Jeziora Swarzędzkiego 16 pierwiastków (Fe, Na, Se, Hg, Ni, Cu, Mn, Mg, Cd, Al, Cr, As, Ca, Zn, Ba and Pb). Jezioro to znajduje się na granicy dwóch miast - Poznania i Swarzędza. W latach osiemdziesiątych ubiegłego stulecia było ono zanieczyszczane ściekami miejskimi pochodzącymi ze Swarzędza. W 1991 r. po uruchomieniu oczyszczalni ścieków jakość wody w jeziorze poprawiła się. Próbki wody pobierano w najgłębszym miejscu czaszy zbiornika, przez dwa lata (2002 - 2003) w każdej z czterech pór roku. Celem badań była ocena stanu czystości jeziora pod względem zawartości pierwiastków. Oznaczanie wykonywano za pomocą optycznej spektrometrii absorpcyjnej z plazmą wzbudzoną indukcyjnie oraz atomowej spektrometrii absorpcyjnej z generowaniem zimnych par rtęci (Mercury RA - 3000). Uzyskane wyniki porównano z wynikami przedstawianymi w pracach innych badaczy, co pozwoliło ocenić stan czystości Jeziora Swarzędzkiego w stosunku do wód powierzchniowych stojących w różnych częściach świata.

9

Lake water quality assessment by multivariate statystical analysis

Simeonov V., Zachariadis G., Voutsa D., Stratis J., Anthemidis A., Samara C., Tsakovski S., Kouimtzis T., Simenova P., Andreev G.

Chemia i Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2004

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Vol. 11, nr 6

471--488

EN

The present study deals with the multivariate statistical assessment of the water quality of several lakes located in Northern Greece. A two-year monitoring of different chemical and physicochemical parameters of the lake water was performed for the lakes Koronia, Volvi, Doirani, Megali Prespa and Mikri Prespa. The application of cluster and principal components analysis as well as apportioning modelling on absolute principal components scores has shown that if the whole data set is proceeded six latent factors prove to be responsible for the data structure and they form a specific pattern or the region where the lakes are located: the lake water quality is affected by natural, sediment, waste inlets (domestic and industrial), oxidation and toxic factors. Further, specific patterns of similar type were constructed for each lake with respect to the sampling period and to the relationships between the chemical and physicochemical parameters. Again, latent factors responsible for the data structure of each lake are identified. Finally, the contribution of each identified source to the chemical concentration was determined both for the whole dataset and for each lake in consideration.

PL

Przy użyciu statystyki wielu zmiennych oceniono jakość wody kilku jezior w północnej Grecji. W ciągu dwu lat monitorowano parametry chemiczne i fizykochemiczne wody z jezior: Koronia, Volvi, Doirani, Megali Prespa i Mikri Prespa. Stosowano zarówno analizę klasterową (grupową) oraz składowych głównych, jak również modelowanie z wykorzystaniem wartości absolutnych składowych (komponentów) głównych. Wyniki tych analiz dla całego zbioru danych pokazują, że ich struktura jest określona przez sześć czynników ukrytych, które tworzą obraz specyficzny dla danej lokalizacji jezior. Jakość wody jeziornej określają: czynniki naturalne, osady denne, zrzuty odpadów (komunalnych i przemysłowych) oraz substancje utleniające i toksyczne. Dla każdego jeziora skonstruowano charakterystyczne specyfikacje (podobnego typu), biorąc pod uwagę okres próbkowania oraz zależności między parametrami chemicznymi i fizykochemicznymi. Określono czynniki ukryte odpowiedzialne za strukturę danych opisujących każde jezioro. Określono wpływ każdego ze źródeł na skład chemiczny zarówno dla wszystkich danych, jak i oddzielnie dla każdego rozpatrywanego jeziora.

10

Influence of land-lake ecotone on mineral and organic compounds in groundwater and lake water

Misztal M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2003

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Vol. 51, nr 2

129-136

EN

Lake and ground water in the catchment areas of Piaseczno (mesotrophic), Łukie (eutrophic) and Moszne (dystrophic) lakes located in the Polesie Region (South-Eastern Poland) were studied in 1996-1997. Ground water were sampled from the wells installed on the lake shores (several metres from the shoreline) and lake water from the littoral zone next to the wells. EC, pH, concentration of Ca, Mg, K, Na, N-NH4, N-NO3, P-PO4 as well as DOC and its fractions were determined. Mineralisation of ground water was higher and pH lower than that of the littoral lake water. The amount of fulvic acids both in lake and ground water was higher than the amount of humic acids.

11

Trace elements studies on Halilurrahmn lake, Sanliurfa, Turkey

Cetin A., Unlu Y., Ozturk M., Tulu M.

Chemia i Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2000

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Vol. 7, nr 11

1143-1151

EN

The present investigation was undertaken in order to enlighten the pollution load of Halilurrahman lake in Turkey by investigating its physico-chemical parameters.The water analysis showed class I and II characteristics according to the international standards, but slightly higher levels of nitrate and chloride depict a contamination in its water. The levels of trace elements: Cr, Co, Bi, As, Se, Hg, Ba, Fe, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Al and F as well as radionuclids like mU, 208n, 134CS, 214Bi and 4°K were determined in the sediments and different organs of fish specimen. Co and Cr levels were higher as compared to other trace elements. 137 Cs and 40K were detected both in the sediments vis-a-vis fish steak.

PL

Przedstawiono badania ładunku zanieczyszczeń w jeziorze Halilurrahman poprzez analizę parametrów fizykochemicznych jego wody. Badana wodę zaliczono do I i II klasy czystości, jednak zawartość azotanów i chlorków przewyższała poziom określony dla tych klas. W osadach dennych oraz w różnych częściach ryb oznaczono stężenie pierwiastków śladowych: Cr, Co, Bi, As, Se, Hg, Ba, Fe, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Al i F oraz radionuklidów,jak: 235U, 208Tl, 134CS, 214Bi i 40K. W porównaniu z innymi mikroelementami największe stężenie wykazywał Co i Cr. Zbadano również zawartość I37Cs i 40K w osadach dennych.