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1

Selected methods for determining inconclusively identifiable shorelines of watercourses and lakes

Borkowski Grzegorz, Młynarczyk Adam, Plichta Artur, Tritt Remigiusz

Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics

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2024

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Vol. 117

30--37

EN

The determination of a lake or natural watercourse shoreline is the subject of various administrative proceedings relating to, among others, the engineering of riverbeds, construction of hydro-technical facilities, remediation work, land division, or delimitation of parcels. The provisions of law, while laying out the rules for determining shorelines, do not explicitly specify the measurement method to follow. All the more so, as many shores of lakes and watercourses are among terrain details that are difficult to measure due to their varied accessibility, which depends on the terrain, vegetation, and water conditions. The purpose of this paper is to compare selected methods for determining the shoreline of watercourses and lakes in terms of their applicability under different environmental conditions under current legislation. This study comprises an assessment of the suitability of the applied methods of shoreline measurement under varying field conditions and their applicability in surveying work on shoreline determination. Surveys were conducted on 3 reservoirs and one watercourse using geodetic, photogrammetric, and remote sensing techniques, and the suitability of the various methods was evaluated with respect to the field conditions of the measurements.

2

Field Measurements and Machine Learning Algorithms to Monitor Water Quality in Lakes Located in Landscape Parks – A Case Study

Walczak Natalia, Walczak Zbigniew, Laks Ireneusz

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 25, nr 1

49--64

EN

One of the greatest threats to many lakes is their accelerated eutrophication resulting from anthropogenic pressure, agricultural intensification, and climate change. A very important element of surface water protection in environmentally conserved areas is the proper monitoring of water quality and detection of potential threats by examining the physicochemical properties of water and performing statistical analyses that enable possible exposure of unfavourable trends. The article presents the analyses of the results of measurements made in three lakes located in the Sierakowski Landscape Park. As part of the measurements, water quality indicators i.e., phosphorus, nitrogen, BOD5 and COD, were determined monthly for a year at the inflows and outflows of the studied lakes. The test results of selected water quality indicators were analysed using machine learning algorithms i.e., PCA and k-means. The conducted tests enabled statistical estimation of changes in water quality indicators in the reservoirs and evaluation of their correlation.

3

Jeziora i stawy w przestrzeni miast

Słomka Wojciech

Zieleń Miejska

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2023

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Nr 5

44--45

PL

W wielu polskich miastach jeziora i stawy (naturalne bądź sztuczne) od wielu lat podnoszą jakość krajobrazu aglomeracji, służą celom rekreacyjnym oraz stanowią siedlisko życia licznych gatunków flory i fauny. Stają się bardzo cenne zarówno przyrodniczo, jak i społecznie ze względu na stale zmieniające się warunki klimatyczne i brak stabilności pogodowej.

4

Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in the Sidi Boughaba Lake, Morocco

Najy Mohamed, Talbi Fatima Z., Ech-Chafay Hassan, Akkaoui Omar, Lachhab Mohamed, Achhar Abderrahman, Nouayti Nordine, Belghyti Driss

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2023

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no. 56

215--219

EN

The goal of the research was to evaluate the heavy metal detection and potential ecological risks in lake’s water. Geological formations consisting essentially of sandstone and quaternary marine or dune sands characterize the study area. With a climate of the Mediterranean type winters are mild and humid, whereas summers hot and dry. At the analysis center of the Faculty of Sciences, the monitoring of ETMs is carried out by ICP-MS, the processing of data and the validation of the analysis method have been drafted according to the NF T 90-120 standard applicable to the analysis in a laboratory. The analysis covers concentrations of heavy metals, which include Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Pb and As, in the water. Pollution load index (PLI) values were above one (>1) which indicates progressive deterioration of the water quality. However, contamination factor (CF) values of Pb and Cu, ranging from 8.31 to 15.68 and from 5.5 to 28.05 respectively, show that the studied water remains under a strong impact by Pb and Cu. Considering the severity of the ecological risk (Er) for a single metal, the descending order of contaminants is Cu > Pb > Mn > Fe > Zn. In relation to the total ecological risk index (RI), water from the lake shows low to considerable ecological risk.

5

Lake Cliff Landslide Mitigation – A Case Study of Lut Tawar Peusangan Lake, Aceh, Indonesia

Amri Ulil, Azizah Cut, Ernawita, Robo Sarif, Nuraida, Ismy Romaynoor, Sastriawan Halus

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

|

Vol. 24, nr 2

165--172

EN

Landslide is one of the most common natural disasters in Indonesia. In Lut Tawar Lake, specifically the cliff side, the landslide event occurs almost daily. Mitigation effort becomes a necessity following the fatality cases it causes. This study aimed to identify landslides and suitable mitigation for the case of Lut Tawar’s lake cliff. A combined approach of landslide survey and image interpretation with field validation was used. In addition, local vegetation surrounding the case area was identified from the survey and interview process. The results showed there are in total 37 landslide points in the study area. The conducted analysis showed the landslide was mainly caused by land use change from forest to a plantation, slope, particularly in the cliff area that was carved for road development, the volcanic geology of Bukit Barisan mountain, rainfall intensity, and the equatorial rainfall characteristic of the study area. The results also suggest the finest solution for landslide mitigation, namely the eco-engineering approach, a revegetation method using the local vegetation. Local vegetation comprises multiple strata, of which grass in the below strata, shrubs in the middle strata, and trees in the upper strata, constitute a shield for the lake cliff. Within this structure, government and community can cultivate these plants in the surrounding lake area.

6

Pojęcie wody płynącej i stojącej w polskim prawie wodnym

Lewandowski Rafał

Gospodarka Wodna

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2023

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Nr 8

8--22

PL

Pojęcie wody płynącej i stojącej w polskim prawie wodnym wciąż wywołuje wiele kontrowersji. Prawodawca wprowadził na użytek ustawy Prawo Wodne podział śródlądowych wód powierzchniowych, który ogólnie rzecz biorąc został oparty na hydrologii, jednak ma on charakter autonomiczny. Powoduje to bowiem, że z prawnego punktu widzenia kluczowe znaczenie przy klasyfikowaniu zbiorników wodnych jako wód płynących lub stojących ma to czy posiadają one dostęp do dopływu lub odpływu wód powierzchniowych. Celem tego opracowania była analiza zakresu zarówno pojęcia wody płynącej, jak i wody stojącej w polskim prawie wodnym, a także próba rozwiązania pojawiających się na ich tle wątpliwości interpretacyjnych. Poczynione uwagi pozwoliły na sformułowanie ogólnej tezy, iż definicja wody płynącej i stojącej ma charakter definicji ignotum per ignotum.

EN

The concept of flowing and stagnant water in Polish water law still raises many controversies. For the purposes of the Water Law Act, the legislator introduced a division of inland surface waters based on hydrology, although having an autonomous character. As a result, from the legal point of view, the most important factor while classifying water reservoirs as flowing or stagnant waters is whether they have access to the inflow or outflow of surface waters. The goal of this study was to analyse the scope of the concept of both flowing and stagnant waters in the Polish Water Law Act, as well as to make an attempt at solving the associated interpretation doubts. The observations lead to a general conclusion that the definition of the flowing and stagnant waters has the character of an ignotum per ignotum definition.

7

Investigation of Heavy Metals in the Surface and Groundwater and its Health Risk Assessment in the Parts of Gudiyattam Region, Tamilnadu, India

Krishnam Shankar Hemath Naveen, Ponnusamy Porchelvan

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

|

2023

|

Vol. 24, iss. 5

20--29

EN

Health risk assessment and heavy metals analysis was carried out for 8 lakes water samples and 8 open well water samples in Gudiyattam region. Metal Index(MI), Adult Infusion(AI), and Hazardous Quotient(HQ) were determined to know the health risk in all locations using ingestion and dermal pathway. MI values are greater than 1 in all lakes as well as in well water for the location S1 to S3 and in S6 which indicates this water is unfit for drinking purposes. Based on HQingestion and HQdermal value, the location S1 to S4 are more polluted for the lake water. Among all the well locations S4 is the most polluted. Considering the Hazard Index (HI) of these metals was found to be greater than 1. Carcinogenic Index(CI) exceeded the acceptable limit of 1.0x 10(-06 to-04) in 5 locations for lake water and 1 location for well water. Especially the location S4 in lake water as well as in well water have direct proportionality in pollution load. The water sample previously said location can pose a serious risk to living beings.

8

Nutrients from beach recreation in the context of the limnological status of a mesotrophic lake

Serafin Artur, Grzywna Antoni, Augustyniak Renata, Bronowicka-Mielniczuk Urszula

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2022

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no. 54

160--171

EN

The study objective was to analyse the number of tourists present in the shore zone and bathing areas of lakes with regard to their tourist carrying capacity and the amount of biogenic substances potentially entering the ecosystem from the beach and bathing areas. The procedures from project between the EU and Poland, in the module “Development of the sanitary supervision of water quality” were used in three categories: physiological substances - sweat and urine; water-soluble and insoluble organic compounds; and biogenic elements - nitrogen and phosphorus. The research was conducted in two model mesotrophic lakes, Piaseczno and Zagłębocze, located in the Łęczna-Włodawa Lakeland (eastern Poland). The data were analysed in reference to biological trophic status indices defining the limnological status of lakes in the summer of 2014 and 2016. Analyses of gross primary production of phytoplankton using the light and dark bottles method and the analysis of chlorophyll a concentration were applied using the laboratory spectrophotometric method. The relatively small number of tourists recorded in the shore zone of both lakes did not exceed their tourist carrying capacity, and their potential contribution of biogenic substances to the lake ecosystems was small. Biological trophic indices for both lakes indicated that they had been continually late-mesotrophic for decades. The amount of biogenic substances directly linked to beach tourism usually has a minor effect on the limnological status of mesotrophic lakes. Due to the specific character of lake ecosystems, however, even small amounts of these substances can contribute to the destabilisation of the biocenotic system.

9

Hydrography, hydrochemistry and composition of sapropel of Shatsk Lakes

Khilchevskyi Valentyn, Ilyin Leonid, Pasichnyk Mykhailo, Zabokrytska Myroslava, Ilyina Olga

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2022

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no. 54

184--193

EN

The purpose of the study presented in the article is to implement modern hydrographic characteristics of freshwater of the Shatsk Lakes (28 lakes in Volyn Polissya, Ukraine) by typing water bodies according to the requirements of the EU Water Framework Directive, assessment of the chemical composition of lake water and bottom sediments (sapropel), determination of the opportunity for their recreational use in the special status of the district as a national park. Despite the presence of the two large lakes (Svityaz - 26.2 km2 and Pulemetske - 15.5 km2), very small lakes with a water surface area of less than 0.5 km2 (64%) are dominating in the Shatsk group. Mineralisation of calcium-hydrocarbonate lake waters is 115-303 mg∙dm-3 and calcium-sulphate aqueous extract of sapropel is - 318-1451 mg∙dm-3. Using a Piper diagram, it was found that there is genetic homogeneity between surface and groundwater, indicating a significant share of groundwater in the water supply of lakes. There are eight species of sapropel deposits in 19 lakes of the district. A wide range of chemical composition and physical and mechanical properties of sapropel deposits of the Shatsk Lakes allow us to consider them as an important resource for agriculture and industry. We found that sapropel from Shatsk Lakes meets the requirements for therapeutic mud and can be used for therapeutic and health purposes.

10

Microplastics in coastal sediments of Ełckie Lake (Poland)

Rogowska Weronika, Skorbiłowicz Elżbieta, Skorbiłowicz Mirosław, Trybułowski Łukasz

Studia Quaternaria

|

2021

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Vol. 38, Nr 2

109--116

EN

Plastics are materials with many properties that make them extremely popular in everyday life and various industries. Studies show that plastic debris is global pollution and widespread in virtually all ecosystems. This study aimed to assess the coastal sediments of Ełckie Lake in terms of the presence of microplastics. Samples of sediments (n = 37) from the coastal zone of Ełckie Lake were drawn from different areas, including urban, rural, and tourist locations, and beaches. After the coastal sediment samples taking, they were subjected to density separation, filtration, and visual evaluation using the Olympus BX63 fluorescent microscope. Particles were classified according to the category of visible characteristics of microplastics including size, shape and colour. The results of the study showed the presence of microplastics in 84% of the examined coastal sediment samples of Ełckie Lake. Fibres, flakes, granules, and foils (films) had found in 58%, 45%, 32%, and 13% of the samples that contained microplastic, respectively. The majority of the detected microplastic was 0.5–1 mm in size and black was the dominant colour. Spatial variability was perceived in microplastic concentrations, giving premises to the assumption of dependence between local human activity and the content of particles.

11

Application of the Triple Diagram Method in forecasting lake water level, on the example of Lake Charzykowskie

Piasecki Adam, Witkowski Wojciech T.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2021

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no. 51

11--16

EN

The work focused on forecasting changes in lake water level. The study employed the Triple Diagram Method (TDM) using geostatistical tools. TDM estimates the value by information from an earlier two periods of observation, refers as lags. The best results were obtained for data with an average a 1-week lag. At the significance level of 1σ, a the forecast error of ±2 cm was obtained. Using separate data for warm and cold months did not improve the efficiency of TDM. At the same time, analysis of observations from warm and cold months explained trends visible in the distribution of year-round data. The methodology, built on case study and proposed evaluation criteria, may function as a universal solution. The proposed methodology can be used to effectively manage water-level fluctuations both in postglacial lakes and in any case of water-level fluctuation.

12

Evaluation of Selected Physicochemical Indicators of the Waters of Rudnickie Wielkie Lake after Reclamation

Berleć Krzysztof, Budzińska Katarzyna, Michalska Magdalena

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

|

2020

|

Tom 22, cz. 2

984--997

EN

The research carried out was aimed at determining the effectiveness of reclamation of the Rudnickie Wielkie lake. Samples were taken 7-fold in 3 places during the period from October to April. In the tested water was determined by the colorimetric method PO4-3 ions, total P and N, nitrate(V), nitrite(III) and NH4 -N. Additionally, the pH and temperature. The temperature and pH of water analyzed in the course of the study were at the level characteristic for the seasons under study and did not have a significant impact on the content of the determined chemical indicators. The level of biogenic elements and their compounds, determined a few years after reclamation, is higher than the results obtained in 2001 (immediately after reclamation), which may indicate improper sewage and agricultural management in the lake's basin.

PL

Przeprowadzone badania miały na celu określenie skuteczności rekultywacji jeziora Rudnickiego Wielkiego. Próbki pobierano 7-krotnie w 3 miejscach w okresie od października do kwietnia. W badanej wodzie oznaczono metodą kolorymetryczną PO4-3 ions, całkowitą P i N, azotan (V), azotyn (III) i NH4 -N. Dodatkowo pH i temperatura. Temperatura i pH wody analizowanej w trakcie badania były na poziomie charakterystycznym dla badanych sezonów i nie miały istotnego wpływu na zawartość określonych wskaźników chemicznych. Poziom pierwiastków biogennych i ich związków, określony kilka lat po rekultywacji, jest wyższy niż wyniki uzyskane w 2001 r. (Bezpośrednio po rekultywacji), co może wskazywać na niewłaściwe gospodarowanie ściekami i rolnictwem w dorzeczu jeziora.

13

Volume estimation of lakes and reservoirs based on aquatic drone surveys: The case study of Tuscany, Italy

Giambastiani Yamuna, Giusti Riccardo, Cecchi Stefano, Palomba Francesca, Manetti Francesco, Romanelli Stefano, Bottai Lorenzo

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2020

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no. 46

84--96

EN

Following flood events and cloudbursts alternating with long drought periods, interest grew in the reservoirs, lakes and water basins in the Tuscany region. In-depth studies are needed to understand the role of water bodies in territorial resilience to climate change. Water volume is the main information to be collected to quantify and monitor their capacity. In this study, a methodology was developed for the estimation of water volume, based on depth measurements taken by sensors with low detection time and costs that can quantify the resource on a regional scale. The depth measuring instrument was a portable sounder with 95 satellite positioning system (Deeper Smart Sonar PRO + (WI-FI + GPS). 204 water bodies were measured. The results indicate that depth is a fundamental parameter to be detected in the field, to obtain the volume with automatic and precise tools. The calculated volume correlates well with the real volume with an R2 = 0.94. Elaboration of the results led to a model being developed to estimate the volume, knowing only the lake surface area. The database created can be used to conduct future studies on the dynamics of water resources in relation to climate change. It will also be possible to make comparisons with data obtained from satellite and LiDAR (light detection and ranging) surveys.

14

Brine evaporation speed enhancement by solar energy for optimization of salt production of lake Merouane El Oued southeastern of Algeria

Remli Samir, Benselhoub Aissa, Rouaiguia I., Hamani S.

Inżynieria Mineralna

|

2020

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no. 2, vol. 2

193--202

EN

In this present paper we will study an assembly of two systems for collecting solar energy at the unit of SME (Salins Merouane El Meghaier) located in southeastern Algeria, by the development of a black grid floating in the brine and a reflection mirror of the solar radiation directed towards the evaporating surface in the test pan P4 and also a witness pan P0 which helps us to illustrate the influence of these two systems, results will be obtained suggest an increase in the evaporation-crystallization rate of P4 compared to that of P0 which is due to the improvement of the annual production of SME unit.

PL

W niniejszym artykule przeanalizowano zastosowanie dwóch systemów do wykorzystania energii słonecznej w jednostce SME (Salins Merouane El Meghaier) zlokalizowanej w południowo-wschodniej Algierii, poprzez wdrożenie czarnej siatki unoszącej się w solance i lustrzanego odbicia światła słonecznego. Promieniowanie skierowano na powierzchnię lustrzaną P4, i na powierzchnię doskonale czarną P0, co pozwoliło porównać oba rozwiązania. Uzyskane wyniki sugerują wzrost szybkości parowania i krystalizacji P4 w porównaniu z P0, który ocenioną analizując wyniki rocznej produkcji jednostek MŚP.

15

Phosphorus and its Fractionation in Bottom Sediments of Selected Lakes of Wielkopolskie Lakeland in Central and Western Poland

Bryl Łukasz, Sobczyński Tadeusz

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

|

2019

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Tom 21, cz. 2

1515--1532

EN

The role of phosphorus contained in bottom sediments of water reservoirs is crucial in the whole eutrophication process. It is an element responsible for the proper functioning of aquatic ecosystems, and its excess leads to deterioration of water quality. The release of phosphorus from bottom sediments directly into the water depends on many factors. This process is particularly intensified at the moment of anaerobic conditions occurring in the bottom layer, or the phenomenon of resuspension of sediments due to external factors, such as intense waving. The persistence of phosphorus deposition in sediments also depends on the nature of chemical connections and changing oxidation-reduction conditions, temperature and pH. Bottom sediments from eight selected lakes of Wielkopolskie Lakeland were investigated for their total phosphorus content and the possibility of its rerelease into water. The subject of the study were the following lakes: Wolsztyńskie, Winiary, Jelonek, Siekiera, Pniewskie, Umultowskie, Góreckie, Strykowskie. The investigated water reservoirs are glacial lakes, usually shallow and characterized by large variations in water level. The samples of bottom sediments were collected from profundal zone with a tube probe from the surface layer of 10 cm thickness, i.e. the layer that exchanges matter with the surrounding water. The collected sediments were placed in sealed, plastic containers to their full capacity. Before proceeding to carry out detailed laboratory analyzes, samples were prepared accordingly. First, the bottom sediments were thoroughly homogenized. Then, they were dried and subjected to further testing. The obtained results were statistically analyzed in the program Statistica 6 PL. Phosphorus was fractionated by means of a sequential extraction described by Psenner. The sediments were also analyzed for the content of phosphorus binding components such as organic matter, iron, aluminium and calcium. Phosphorus was found to be bound mostly to organic matter, aluminium and calcium – the fractions from which it was difficult to release into water. The share of exchangeable and most mobile and bioavailable iron-bound fraction of phosphorus was the lowest but it was still high enough to cause phytoplankton blooms. No clear relationships between the content of individual phosphorus-binding components and the share of phosphorus fractions related to them in total phosphorus pool were identified. Total content of phosphorus in the sediments of the investigated lakes was analogue and similar to that determined in bottom sediments of other eutrophic lakes of Wielkopolskie Lakeland. The content of aluminium, calcium, iron and organic matter were much more variable.

PL

Rola fosforu zawartego w osadach dennych zbiorników wodnych jest kluczowa w całym procesie ich eutrofizacji. Jest pierwiastkiem odpowiedzialnym za prawidłowe funkcjonowanie ekosystemów wodnych, a jego nadmiar prowadzi do pogorszenia się jakości wody. Uwalnianie się fosforu z osadów dennych bezpośrednio do toni wodnej zależy od wielu faktorów. Szczególnie proces ten intensyfikuje się w momencie pojawienia się w warstwie naddennej warunków beztlenowych, czy też zjawiska resuspensji osadów na skutek oddziaływania czynników zewnętrznych, np. intensywnego falowania. Trwałość deopozycji fosforu w osadach zależy również od charakteru połączeń chemicznych oraz zmiennych warunków oksydacyjno-redukcyjnych, temperatury, a także pH. Badano osady denne z ośmiu wybranych jezior Pojezierza Wielkopolsko-Kujawskiego pod kątem całkowitej zawartości fosforu i potencjalnej możliwości jego ponownego uwalniania do toni. Przedmiotem badań były następujące jeziora: Wolsztyńskie, Winiary, Jelonek, Siekiera, Pniewskie, Umultowskie, Strykowskie, Góreckie. Badane zbiorniki wodne to jeziora polodowcowe, zwykle płytkie, charakteryzujące się dużymi wahaniami poziomu wody. Próbki osadów dennych pobierano za pomocą sondy rurowej z powierzchniowej warstwy osadu o miąższości 10 cm, czyli warstwy, która uczestniczy w wymianie materii z tonią. Pobrany osad umieszczano w szczelnych, plastikowych pojemnikach napełniając je do pełna. Przed przystąpieniem do przeprowadzania szczegółowych analiz laboratoryjnych próbki zostały odpowiednio przygotowane. W pierwszej kolejności osady denne dokładnie zhomogenizowano. Następnie wysuszono oraz przeprowadzono kolejne analizy. Uzyskane wyniki badań poddano analizie statystycznej w programie Statistica 6 PL. Frakcjonowanie fosforu realizowano na drodze ekstrakcji sekwencyjnej wg schematu zaproponowanego przez Psennera. Dodatkowo w osadach oznaczano materię organiczną oraz żelazo, glin i wapń, czyli składniki osadu wiążące fosfor. Stwierdzono, że w ogólnej puli fosforu poszczególnych osadów największy udział miały frakcje związane z materią organiczną i glinem oraz z wapniem, czyli stosunkowo trudniej uwalniane do toni. Udział frakcji wymiennej i związanej z żelazem, czyli frakcji najbardziej mobilnych, biodostępnych, był mniejszy co jednak było wystarczające, aby w wodach tych jezior występowały zakwity fitoplanktonu. Nie zaobserwowano natomiast wyraźnych zależności pomiędzy zawartością w osadach poszczególnych składników wiążących fosforany, a udziałem frakcji fosforu z nimi związanych w ogólnej jego puli. Łączna zawartość fosforu w osadach badanych jezior była analogiczna i podobna do tej stwierdzonej w osadach dennych innych eutroficznych jezior Pojezierza Wielkopolskiego. Zawartość glinu, wapnia, żelaza i materii organicznej była znacznie bardziej zmienna.

16

Valuation of lake ecosystems of Central Pomerania by young people using the contingent valuation method

Cichoń Małgorzata

Ekonomia i Środowisko

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2019

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nr 3

130--139

EN

The article presents the results of the survey using the Contingent Valuation Method. The aim of the research was to estimate the value of selected lake ecosystems of Central Pomerania by determining the willingness to pay for recreational use of the beach with the swimming area by people aged from 18 to 21 years. The research shows that 90% of the surveyed group declares their willingness to pay. The highest amounts are offered by young inhabitants of Szczecinek City and Szczecinek County. On the other hand, tourists resting in Central Pomerania value lake ecosystems most often on the basis of aesthetic values, without knowing the ecological condition of the lake. The average ticket price which the respondents are willing to pay is PLN 20.40 per day. The lower the ecological condition of the lake, the lower the willingness to pay, especially among the inhabitants of the region under study. The amounts declared constitute important information for lake managers who are able to compare the costs incurred so far with the potential profits from ticket sales. Moreover, thanks to the use of the Contingent Valuation Method, it is possible to determine which lakes have the highest value for recreationists and to manage them in such a way as to prevent their degradation in the future and, consequently, to prevent the deterioration of the value of ecosystem services.

17

Benthic diatoms as valuable indicators of anthropogenic eutrophication in biomonitoring of ribbon lake

Messyasz Beata, Treska Ewa

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

|

2019

|

Vol. 26, nr 4

709--726

EN

In Europe the monitoring of lakes with regard to benthic diatoms is still conducted in line with the European Water Framework Directive. Ribbon lakes are a special case as extremely steep slopes of the lake basin cause their littoral zone to be narrow. The Durowskie ribbon lake was chosen as a model for the assessment of the ecological status of waters based on its Diatom Index. Given its use in recreation, it is under heavy anthropogenic pressure. Physicochemical and biological parameters were monitored in the peak of the vegetational season (July, August) between 2010 and 2018 at 12 varied littoral sites across the full length of the shoreline. This long-term analysis of the Diatom Index, despite showing an improvement in the quality of water, demonstrated the ecological state of Lake Durowskie to be weak (southern, deep part) to moderate (north, shallow part). The taxonomic structure of diatoms (referral and indicator taxa) in phytobenthos communities allowed to show the changes in physicochemical parameters of the environment such as pH, oxygen dissolved in water and its trophic status. Research results are shown in relation to the anthropogenic changes to the lake’s direct catchment area and the results of the physicochemical monitoring of waters.

18

Eksploatacja wędkarska oraz poziom biogenów wprowadzanych do jezior w zanętach wędkarskich na przykładzie zlewni górnej Myśli

Czerniejewski P., Brysiewicz A.

Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie

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2018

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T. 18, z. 1

23--35

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wartości podstawowych parametrów określających presję wędkarską na 5 jeziorach położonych w zlewni górnej Myśli na Pojezierzu Myśliborskim. Badania przeprowadzono metodą ankietową, rozdając 271 ankiet wędkarskich podczas zakupu zezwoleń do połowu ryb. Ponadto kilkakrotnie w miesiącu przeprowadzono wizje terenowe nad każdym z jezior, w celu określenia liczby wędkujących. W strukturze ryb poławianych przez wędkarzy dominują karpiowate: płoć (31,2%), leszcz (23,5%) i lin (8,3%), z niewielką ilością ryb drapieżnych (szczupak 12,8%, okoń 7,6%, sandacz 3,6% i węgorz 2,1%). Łączny udział ryb karpiowatych wynosi 72,0%, co oznacza, że jeziora mogą znajdować się w stanie dość znacznie posuniętych procesów eutrofizacji. W ciągu jednego dnia statystyczny wędkarz odławia 0,54 kg ryb, a łączna masa pozyskanej ichtiofauny ze zbiorników w trakcie 365 dni połowów wynosi 10 052,1 kg ryb. Wykazano wzrost masy poławianych ryb wraz ze wzrostem ilości zanęty wrzucanej do wody. Analiza bilansu biogenów wykazała niestety niekorzystne oddziaływanie stosowania zanęt przez wędkarzy na jakość środowiska wodnego, mierzoną wzrostem ładunku fosforu i azotu.

EN

The article presents the basic parameters determining the fishing pressure on 5 lakes located in the basin of the Myśla in Myślibórz Lakeland. The carp species: roach (31.2%), bream (23.5%) and tench (8.3%), with a small number of predatory fish (pike 12.8%, perch 7.6%, pike-perch 3.6% and european eel 2.1%). The total share of carp fish is 72.0%, which means that the lakes may be in a state of fairly advanced eutrophication processes. Within one day, the angler fish catches 0.54 kg of fish and the total weight of the fish taken from the tank during 365 days of fishing is 10 052.1 kg of fish. The weight of the fish caught was increased with the increase in the amount of groundbait thrown into the water. Unfortunately, the analysis of biogen balance showed the unfavorable impact of the use of groundbaits by anglers on the quality of aquatic environment measured by the increase of phosphorus and nitrogen.

19

Phytoplankton dynamics in relation to physicochemical conditions in large, stratified Lake Charzykowskie (Northern Poland)

Wiśniewska M., Dembowska E. A.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2017

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Vol. 46, No. 3

260--270

EN

The comparison of the latest and previous data on the structure of phytoplankton and chlorophyll a concentration in Lake Charzykowskie indicated long-term changes and fluctuations. The main objective of this study was to assess the phytoplankton communities in the lake with reference to hydrochemical conditions. Detailed hydrobiological studies were carried out in 2014-2015 to explain the improvement in the trophic status of the lake observed in 2008-2009. The research has shown that the phytoplankton community structure does not change significantly during the limnological cycle. The spring/ autumn season is characterized by the highest contribution of diatoms and cryptophytes. Massive development of dinoflagellates was observed during the summer. Relative abundance of cyanobacteria (Aphanizomenon, Dolichospermum and Microcystis) was significantly lower compared to the previous years. In August 2014, cyanobacteria accounted for 100% of the total phytoplankton at site 2. In the following year, cyanobacteria represented only 13% in the summer phytoplankton. The current research has confirmed the favorable trophic changes in the phytoplankton of the lake. Unfortunately, very poor oxygen conditions will continue to affect the trophic status of the lake through mobilization of the internal nutrient supply. The current conditions of the lake require further monitoring of changes in the ecosystem.

20

The influence of the share of arable land in the catchment areas of two lakes of the Lęczna-Włodawa Lakeland on the biochemical processes in shoreline soils

Bielińska E. J., Futa B., Mocek-Płóciniak A., Skowrońska M., Patkowski K., Wesołowska S.

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 62, nr 3

33--36

EN

Between 2001 and 2016 the influence of diversified share of arable land in the catchment areas of Lake Długie (5.5% of arable land) and Lake Głębokie (73.5% of arable land) on the biochemical processes in shoreline soils was researched in five-year measurement cycles. The research chiefly encompassed the biochemical processes of conversion of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds (phosphatase, urease and protease activity). Simultaneously, the content of mineral nitrogen and assimilable forms of phosphorus in the shoreline soils of both lakes was investigated. During the observations the enzymatic activity in the Lake Długie shoreline soil was significantly greater than in the soil surrounding the shore of Lake Głębokie. However, the catchments areas of both lakes were characterised by similar changes in the enzymatic activity of shoreline soils. Between 2001 and 2006 the enzymatic activity in the soils under study was similar and exhibited a slight increasing tendency. In the consecutive measurement cycles (2011 and 2016) the activity of the enzymes decreased significantly. It was strictly correlated with the increasing content of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds in the soils surrounding both lakes. The biochemical and chemical indicators under analysis clearly point to rapid eutrophication in the shoreline habitats around Lakes Długie and Głębokie.

PL

W latach 2001-2016, w 5-letnim cyklu pomiarowym, badano wpływ zróżnicowanego udziału gruntów ornych w zlewniach Jeziora Długie (5.5% gruntów ornych) i Jeziora Głębokie (73.5% gruntów ornych) na procesy biochemiczne w glebach strefy przybrzeżnej. Badaniami objęto procesy biochemiczne związane głównie z przemianami związków azotu i fosforu (aktywność fosfataz, ureazy i proteaz). Równolegle oznaczano zawartość azotu mineralnego i przyswajalnych form fosforu w glebach przybrzeżnych obydwu jezior. W okresie prowadzonych obserwacji aktywność badanych enzymów w glebie przybrzeżnej jeziora Długie była istotnie większa niż w glebie przybrzeżnej jeziora Głębokie, ale zmiany aktywności enzymatycznej gleb przybrzeżnych miały podobny charakter w przypadku zlewni obydwu badanych jezior W latach 2001-2006 aktywność enzymatyczna badanych gleb utrzymywała się na zbliżonym poziomie, wykazując niewielkie tendencje wzrostowe. Natomiast w kolejnych cyklach pomiarowych (2011 i 2016) zanotowano istotny spadek aktywności analizowanych enzymów, związany ściśle ze wzrastającą z roku na rok zawartością związków azotu i fosforu w glebach strefy przybrzeżnej obydwu jezior. Analizowane wskaźniki biochemiczne i chemiczne jednoznacznie wskazują na postępującą w szybkim tempie eutrofizację siedlisk przybrzeżnych jezior Długie i Głębokie.