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The influence of technological factors on growth, development and yield of common bean varieties

Ovcharuk O.

Agricultural Engineering

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2014

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Vol. 18, No. 4

195--204

EN

The article shows the results of research on high-yielding varieties of common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.), growth and development of plants under the conditions of western forest-steppe. Moreover, it establishes the duration of the vegetation period, formation of elements of bean plant productivity that provides the appropriate level of seed yield, which depends on the cultivar and sowing methods. Sowing in the usual way with wide row spacing of 15 cm provided the highest yield of Mavka variety on the level of 1.78 t ha-1. As a result of sowing in the usual way with wide row spacing of 30 cm Bukovynka variety had the highest yield – 1.72 t·ha-1, and as a result of the wide-row planting method with wide row spacing of 45 cm it was – 1.76 t·ha-1.

PL

Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia wyniki badań dotyczących odmian fasoli zwykłej ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.), wzrostu i rozwoju roślin w warunkach zachodniego lasostepu. Ponadto, określa czas trwania okresu wegetacyjnego, tworzenie się elementów składających się na wydajność roślinną, która dostarcza odpowiedniego poziomu plonu nasion w zależności od odmiany i metod siewu. Siew zwykły z szerokim 15-centymetrowym rozstawem dał najwyższy plon odmiany Mavka i był on na poziomie 1,78 t·ha-1. W wyniku siewu zwykłego z szerokim 30-centymetrowym rozstawem, odmiana Bukovynka osiągnęla najwyższy plon rzędu – 1,72 t·ha-1 a w wyniku siewu szerokiego z rozstawem wynoszącym 45 cm, plon wyniósł 1,76 t·ha-1.

2

Zastosowanie kompostów z drzewnych odpadów poużytkowych w uprawie pelargonii rabatowej (Pelargonium zonale) 'Andria'

Wróblewska H., Schroeter-Zakrzewska A., Zakrzewski P.

Aparatura Badawcza i Dydaktyczna

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2013

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T. 18, nr 4

365-372

PL

Celem przeprowadzonych badań było poznanie wpływu kompostów uzyskanych z drewna poużytkowego na wzrost i kwitnienie pelargonii rabatowej (Pelargonium zonale) 'Andria'. W badaniach zastosowano dwa warianty kompostów otrzymanych z drzewnych odpadów poużytkowych, oznaczone symbolami OPA i OPB. Rośliny uprawiano w podłożach składających się z kompostów i torfu wysokiego w różnych kombinacjach objętościowych. Analizując uzyskane wyniki stwierdzono, że rodzaj podłoża wywarł istotny wpływ na wzrost i kwitnienie pelargonii rabatowej. Większe dawki kompostu (100% i 75%) w podłożu powodowały zahamowanie wzrostu roślin w porównaniu z kontrolą. Dawki mniejsze (25%) dawały wyniki porównywalne w stosunku do kontroli, zwłaszcza w przypadku roślin nawożonych pogłównie.

EN

The aim of this study was to identify the effect of composts obtained from post-consumer wood waste on the growth and flowering of zonal pelargonium (Pelargonium zonale) 'Andria'. Two types of composts, marked OPA and OPB, were used in the research. Plants were grown in media consisting of composts and high peat in various combinations by volume. Analyzing the results it was fund that type of medium has a major impact on the growth and flowering of zonal pelargonium. Higher doses of compost (100% and 75%) in the substratum inhibited the growth of plants compared to control plants, whereas lower doses (25%) gave results comparable to control plants, especially for plants fertilized during the vegetation period.

3

Influence of mycorrhiza on the growth and flowering in cultivated plants of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench (Asteraceae)

Sawilska A., Jendrzejczak E., Kieliszewska-Rokicka B.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2010

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Vol. 58, nr 4

627-634

EN

Sandy everlasting, Helichrysum arenarium, a perennial belonging to Asteraceae family, is a source of valuable herbal material and therefore is under partial protection in Poland. It grows in sunny places on sandy soils, in abandoned fields, along roadsides and in dry forests and thickets, where it enters into symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The studies on the biology, ecology and cultivation of sandy everlasting have been vigorously pursued since 2003. The aim of this work was assessing the influence of root colonisation by mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and development of H. arenarium cultivated on clayey soil. Two independent experiments (in the pots and in field) were performed. In the first one, under laboratory conditions, the effect of inoculation of soil with arbuscular fungus Glomus intraradices on the biometric features of sandy everlasting seedlings was analyzed. The second experiment was designed to show the association of the root colonisation level with the biometric features of generative shoots grown in an open field. It was demonstrated that sandy clay is an appropriate medium for growing sandy everlasting, enabling a proper development of seedlings and ensuring high inflorescence yield. The amendment of soil with inoculum resulted in a significant decrease in the mass of vegetative and generative shoot parts and made the cultivation more expensive. The inflorescence yield (Inflorescentia Helichrysi) obtained from inoculated plots was lower by 36%.

4

The ecological profit in phenology and pollination of alien species Spartina alterniflora (Loisel) introduced to coastal wetlands in northern China

Shi F., Yuan Z., He K., Li J., Guo S.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2009

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Vol. 57, nr 2

283-289

EN

For the plant species, effective phenology and pollination syndromes can increase viable seeds which enhance the species to colonize new areas. So the species with a suit of advantageous characteristics inherent in its reproductive ecology is critical to its dispersion. Spartina alterniflora - a perennial grass native to coastal marshes of America was introduced to China in 1979 and now it is distributed in the Tianjin coastal wetlands of northern China. Flowering phenology was examined and indicated that in northern localities, flowering initiated in mid-August and senescence occurred by the end of October. The pollen-ovule ratio was 9875 ([plus or minus]2150). Abundant pollen grains compensated for a lack of pollen viability. Pollen viability was 10% approximately when pollen released 4 hours, but stigma receptivity was above 10% when stigmas exserted 7 hours. Stigmas maintained viability longer than the period of pollen release, ensuring successful pollination. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe stigma surface characters and pollen viability. Further investigation proved stigma adaptations to increase pollen capture and exterior pollen tube growth following pollination was beneficial to fertilization. The results suggested that flowering phenology and pollination traits are vital to pollination and production of viable seed, enabling the species to spread rapidly and succeed in new habitats of northern China.