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1

Cast Grates Used in Heat Treatment Furnaces

Piekarski B., Drotlew A.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2019

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iss. 3

49--54

EN

Examples of cast grates whose construction was based on previously used "old" patterns of the technological equipment for heat treatment furnaces (TEq) are presented. Manufacturers of this type of castings have at their disposal numerous earlier designs of the applied TEq. Their adaptation for the needs of a new order, i.e. the creation of a new design or modification of the already existing one, significantly reduces both cost and time of the implementation. It also allows making new grate constructions of various shapes and sizes, reducing in this way the number of patterns stored by the manufacturer of castings. The examples of cast grates shown and discussed in this study document the variety of ways that can be used when making them from the already existing patterns or castings. The presented grates were made using master patterns, entire castings or their fragments, and modular segments.

2

Projektowanie trójwymiarowej konstelacji dla techniki OFDM wykorzystującej dwuwymiarową odwrotną transformację Fouriera

Markiewicz T. G.

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

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2017

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nr 6

315--318, CD

PL

W pracy zaproponowano konstelację trójwymiarową dla techniki 3D-OFDM (ang. Three Dimensional Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) wykorzystującej dwuwymiarową odwrotnaą transformacją Fouriera – 2D-IDFT (ang. Two Dimensional Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform). Konstelację znaleziono przeszukując bezpośrednio przestrzeń trójwymiarową. Zysk względem konstelacji znanych z literatury wynosi ok. 0.45 [dB] przy BER = 10−5.

EN

This paper proposes an alternative threedimensional signal constellation for 3D-OFDM based on 2D-IDFT. Unlike similar solutions that can be found in literature our three dimensional modulation scheme is designed directly in a three dimensional space. We achieve approximately 0.45 [dB] gain at the BER = 10−5 when compared to other 3D constellations.

3

O algorytmach demodulacji konstelacji wielowymiarowych

Markiewicz T. G.

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

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2016

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nr 6

201--204, CD

PL

W pracy zaproponowano algorytm demodulacji dla konstelacji wielowymiarowych odmienny od powszechnie używanego dekodera sferycznego. Wykorzystując względną złożoność´ obliczeniową pokazujemy, że zaproponowane rozwiązanie może być nie więcej niż dziesięciokrotnie bardziej wydajne od rozwiązania znanego z literatury. Rozważania teoretyczne zweryfikowane zostały za pomocą symulacji komputerowej.

EN

This paper proposes an algorithm for symbol detection in multidimensional constellations as an alternative to widely used Sphere Decoder. We use a relative complexity of algorithms in order to measure the performance gain of the one solution over the other. Measurements and comparisons of relative execution time of computer simulations verify the theory.

4

Equational bases for k-normal identities

Penner P., Wismath S.

Demonstratio Mathematica

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2008

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Vol. 41, nr 4

733-742

EN

The depth of a term may be used as a measurement of complexity of identities. For any natural number [...] have depth at least k. For any variety V, the k-normalization of V is the variety Nk(V) defined by all k-normal identities of V. We describe a process to produce from a basis for V a basis for Nk(V), for any variety V which has an idempotent term; when the type of V is finite and V is finitely based, this results in a finite basis for Nk(V) as well. This process encompasses several known examples, for varieties of bands and lattices, and allows us to give a new basis for the normalization of the variety PL of pseudo-complemented lattices.

5

SAI-lattices and ringoids

Chajda I., Langer H.

Demonstratio Mathematica

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2006

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Vol. 39, nr 3

483-490

EN

The natural bijective correspondence between Boolean algebras and Boolean rings is generalized from Boolean algebras to lattices with 0 every principal ideal of which has an antitone involution. The corresponding ring-like structures are called ring-oids. Among them orthorings are characterized by a simple axiom. It is shown that congruences on ringoids are determined by their kernels and that ringoids are permutable at 0.

6

Externalization of lattices

Chajda I., Wismath S.

Demonstratio Mathematica

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2006

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Vol. 39, nr 4

731-736

EN

Let r be a type of algebras. An identity s = t of type r is said to be externally compatible, or simply external, if the terms s and t are either the same variable or both start with the same operation symbol fj of the type. A variety is called external if all of its identities are external. For any variety V , there is a least external variety E(V ) containing V , the variety determined by the set of all external identities of V . External identities and varieties have been studied by [4], [5] and [2], and a general characterization of the algebras in E(V ) has been given in [3]. In this paper we study the algebras of the variety E(V ) where V is the type (2, 2) variety L of lattices. Algebras in L may also be described as ordered sets, and we give an ordered set description of the algebras in E(L). We show that on any algebra in E(L) there is a natural quasiorder having an additional property called externality, and that any set with such a quasiorder can be given the structure of an algebra in E(L). We also characterize algebras in E(L) by an inflation construction.

7

Boolean carried homomorphisms in orthomodular lattices

Matousek M.

Demonstratio Mathematica

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2004

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Vol. 37, nr 2

255--265

EN

Let L, L1 be orthomodular lattices. Let us say that a surjective homomorphism f : L - L1 is Boolean carried if for any maximal Boolean subalgebra B1 of L1 there is a maximal Boolean subalgebra B of L such that f(B) = B1. In this note we investigate the class HOMC all L's such that all surjective homomorphisms from L to orthomodular lattices are Boolean carried. We prove as a main result that if L possesses at most countably many infinite maximal Boolean subalgebras then L L HOMC- We also relate the class HOMCto the classes previously studied and provide some model-theoretic propertiesHOMC.

8

Napędy mechaniczne do bram, drzwi, krat i żaluzji

Czajka Z., Jurga A., Konieczka G.

Materiały Budowlane

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2002

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nr 7

38-40

9

Notes on BCK-algebraa with condition (s)

Huang Y.

Demonstratio Mathematica

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2000

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Vol. 33, nr 3

452-457

EN

Some further properties related to BCK-algebras with the condition (S) are obtained. The main results are as follows: (i) If a commutative BCK-algebra X is a lattice with respect to the BCK-ordering <, then X need not be with the condition (S); (ii) A positive implicative BCK-algebra X with the condition (S) may not be a lattice with respect to <, moreover, if (X; <) is a lattice, it must be a distributive lattice; (iii) Each involutory BCK-algebra is with the condition (S).

10

Archimedean and block-finite lattice efect algebras

Riecanova Z.

Demonstratio Mathematica

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2000

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Vol. 33, nr 3

443-452

EN

We show that every complete effect algebra is Archimedean. Moreover, a block-finite lattice effect algebra has the MacNeille completion which is a complete effect algebra iff it is Archimedean. We apply our results to orthomodular lattices.

11

A few notes on subalgebra lattices, part 1

Pióro K.

Demonstratio Mathematica

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2000

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Vol. 33, nr 4

695-706

EN

First, we apply results proved in [Pió1] and some results of graph theory to formulate and prove a necessary condition for partial (and thus also total) unary algebras to have isomorphic (strong) subalgebra lattices. Although this condition is not sufficient for arbitrary partial unary algebras, we can form, having this fact, a lot of new partial unary algebras with the same subalgebra lattices. Moreover, we use this result to characterize arbitrary two partial (thus in particular also total) monounary algebras with isomorphic (strong) subalgebra lattices. Having this result we can also describe all pairs (A, L), where A is a partial monounary algebra and L a lattice, such that the subalgebra lattice of A is isomorphic to L. In the next part [Pió2] we apply the results of this paper to characterize connections between weak and strong subalgebra lattices of partial (thus also total) monounary algebras.

12

Materiały stosowane w obiektach oczyszczalni ścieków oraz ich odporność na korozję

Kalisz H.

Prace Naukowe Instytutu Budownictwa Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Konferencje

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1999

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Vol. 74, nr 25

49-57

PL

Podano plan zagospodarowania terenu przeciętnej oczyszczalni ścieków. W tab. 1 przedstawiono priorytety budowy, rozbudowy i modernizacji oczyszczalni ścieków do 2010 roku wraz z niezbędnymi nakładami finansowymi. W dalszej kolejności omówiono ważniejsze obiekty oczyszczalni ścieków, ich materiałowo-konstrukcyjne rozwiązania ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem zabezpieczeń antykorozyjnych zarówno z uwagi na przetrzymywane ścieki i osady jak również z uwagi na środowisko gruntowo-wodne. Na zakończenie podkreślono pozytywne trendy w budownictwie komunalnym jak: wykonywanie szczelnych betonów, uzyskiwanie wysokich klas betonów. Na końcu podano podstawowe wnioski.

EN

In order to illustrate objects present in an ordinary sewage treatment plant on fig. 1 shows development plan of sewage treatment plant. The realization program of the sewage treatment plant up to the year 2010 is presented in table 1. Important objects, materials used eventual changes in the sewage treatment plant development are discussed in this article. Chemical and physical analyses of sewage and sludge are presented in tables 2, 3, 4. The problem of corrosion protection of the sewage treatment plant objects was discussed. Structural and material proofness of the concrete was approved to be the main protection from the corrosion. Also the necessity of corrosion protection of same object in the sewage treatment was underliwed.