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EN
Cooperation marks co-operation, co-operation between men or enterprises. Organizations undertaking co-operation - common working they - aim to achievement of mutual advantages: information exchanges voluntarily, changes introduce, problems solve and they limit the range of competing. The activity on building market be characterizes by with variety of forms resulting with creature of building objects as well as the joining of material production and the services. It according from needs as well as the experience and the investor's potential was used was one or several systems of realization of building undertakings about different range of cooperative connections - the own execution, the investor's, general executor of investment, manager of project.
PL
Artykuł prezentuje zagadnienia teoretyczne związane z problematyką barier w kooperacji w innowacjach, jak również wyniki badania 209 polskich eksporterów z branż spożywczej, chemiczno-farmaceutycznej, samochodowej oraz elektronicznej. Otrzymane wyniki wskazują, że w przypadku wybranych barier kooperacji istnieje zależność pomiędzy ich występowaniem a skłonnością badanych przedsiębiorstw do wprowadzania innowacji w kooperacji oraz że zakres ich występowania jest różny w zależności od typu wprowadzanej innowacji.
EN
The paper presents theoretical foundations of firms' barriers to partnership relations. Furthermore, the outcomes of study on partnerships of 209 firms representing exporters from Polish food processing, chemical - pharmaceutical, automotive and electronic industry are discussed. The results show, that there is a link between innovation cooperation barriers and innovation cooperation propensity of Polish firms, and that indications for cooperation barriers significance are not similar for process, product, marketing and organizational innovations introduced in cooperation.
3
Content available remote Kooperacja w klastrach - badania pilotażowe w Wielkopolsce
PL
W niniejszym artykule autorka prezentuje wybrane wyniki badań pilotażowych zrealizowanych w klastrach na terenie województwa wielkopolskiego, które jest jednym z przodujących regionów, jeżeli chodzi o liczbę występujących w nim inicjatyw klastowych. Celem badania była m.in. próba oceny obecnego zakresu kooperacji podmiotów funkcjonujących w klastrach
EN
The paper presents the results of the pilot studies that were conducted in the Wielkopolska region in Poland. The purpose of these studies was to evaluate the level of integration of clusters. The studies were conducted using in-depth directly interview. Author has modified the Poirier model of supply chain integration in order to fit to the conditions of clusters. The results reflect detailed analysis of both the economic relationships and innovativeness of the selected networks. The pilot studies have taken in consideration network structure, characteristics of relationships in the network. The emphasis was placed on the evaluation of the impact, which participation in collaboration network has on innovation creation and transformation in companies.
EN
The paper describes how to use the principles of Lean Manufacturing to manage the value (supply) networks. This level of management is named a „macro" level. The fundamental lean tool for managing the value networks is Extended Value Stream Mapping (Macro-Mapping). Within the mapping process the material and information flows are depicted for the given value stream running through several cooperating enterprises. The value stream is defined for the particular product family. Here product family is seen from the technological point of view (not functional). Section 1 presents briefly the Lean Manufacturing philosophy. Lean Manufacturing is a worldwide proven approach for the improvement of production processes through eliminating wastes. The results are better quality, lower costs, and shorter lead-time. It also includes decreasing manufacturing lot sizes, which gives enterprises the ability to reach a higher level of flexibility. Single enterprise could gain many benefits after implementation of Lean Manufacturing but not all of them could be exploited without the propagation of Lean approach to the suppliers' and distribution networks. The paper interprets the Lean principles for area of supply network management. Authors use Value Network term to emphasize the role of the production facilities, where the value is created. Section 2 describes the new Lean tool to manage the Value Networks provided by Lean Enterprise Institute - Extended Value Stream Mapping. The tool is derived from the proven method of Value Stream Mapping addressed to the analysis and improvement of the single enterprise. Value Stream encompasses ail the actions performed on the product from raw materials to final products as well as accompanying information flows. The value stream could be defined on the „micro" level - within the single enterprise and on the „macro" level' - for the whole Value Network of several cooperating enterprises. For Extended Value Stream Mapping also the Macro-Mapping term is used. Section 2 shows the overall approach of Macro-Mapping to the analysis of the complex Value Networks. Section 3 depicts how to use the elaborated map to design the new Macro-Value Steam, improved according to the Lean measures (e.g. Lead-Time, Demand Amplification). The first step of the improvement relates to the changes within single enterprise, however it may also address the requirements of the whole Value Network. The benefits could be estimated. The next step is to redesign the way how companies cooperate together (e.g. using electronic Kanban system instead of purchase orders) as well as introduce the changes to the transportation and warehousing system. The third step is suggested for new investments and helps to allocate the production facilities geographically. It could be also used to justify the collocation of some suppliers with OEM. Section 4 describes the exploitation of Macro-Mapping for analysis and improvement of the relations between customer and supplier. It is based on the example of two production companies - 1st and 2nd tier suppliers. The example shows what kind of information could be obtained from the map and how to use it. The Macro-Mapping could be the first step for supplier and customer to built real win-win relation. Section 5 is the summary and gathers the conclusions for using the Lean Manufacturing philosophy and Extended Value Stream Mapping method to manage the value networks.
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