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1

Taxonomic problems of some zonal species of the genus Palmatolepis and the correlation of the Frasnian of the East European Platform with conodont zonations

Ovnatanova Nonna S., Kononova Lyudmila I.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2020

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Vol. 70, no. 1

107--124

EN

Most of the Frasnian regional stages of the Ukhta region, South Timan, Russia, are composed of basinal deposits, however, the hassi and jamieae zones of the Standard Conodont Zonation cannot be easily recognised in this region. A revision of the previously elaborated succession of the Timan-Pechora associations revealed that the correlation problems are connected with the taxonomic interpretation of the zonal species Palmatolepis hassi and Palmatolepis jamieae. Analysis of the conodont collection of Professor W. Ziegler from the Rhenish Slate Mountains, Germany, especially from the interval encompassing the Lower hassi to Upper rhenana zones, has provided evidence of the lack of validity of the jamieae Zone as a separate stratigraphic unit. This statement is based on the composition of the jamieae and Lower rhenana conodont associations and the absence of P. jamieae near the lower boundary of the zone in the stratotype and other sections of the Rhenish Slate Mountains, becoming more common upsection. The correlation between the Timan-Pechora conodont associations III–XI, the Standard Conodont Zonation (Ziegler and Sandberg 1990) and the Frasnian Zonation (Klapper 1989; Klapper and Kirchgasser 2016) is suggested herein. The Domanikian Regional Stage corresponds to the punctata–Late hassi zones of the Standard Conodont Zonation and to Frasnian Zones 5–10. The boundaries of Frasnian Zones 8–9 need to be further specified in South Timan. The correlation between the Standard Conodont Zonation and the Frasnian Zonation of Klapper is elaborated.

2

Sporadoceratid ammonoids from the Shotori Range (east-central Iran) - a case of putative gigantism caused by hydraulic sorting?

Korn Dieter, Ghaderi Abbas, Devaere Léa, Hairapetian Vachik, Khanehbad Mohammad, Belka Zdzisław

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2019

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Vol. 69, no. 1

27--49

EN

The Shotori Range of east-central Iran (east of Tabas) has yielded Famennian ammonoid assemblages dominated by the family Sporadoceratidae. Four genera Maeneceras Hyatt, 1884, Iranoceras Walliser, 1966, Sporadoceras Hyatt, 1884 and Erfoudites Korn, 1999 are represented. The conodont assemblage of one sample containing Iranoceras revealed an Upper marginifera Zone age. The ammonoid assemblages are characterised by comparatively large specimens; they reach conch diameters of 300 mm (including the body chamber) and the mean size is larger than 100 mm. The preservation of the material from the Shotori Range and size comparison with sporadoceratid assemblages from the Anti-Atlas of Morocco and the Rhenish Mountains of Germany suggest that hydraulic sorting has resulted in a bias towards large conchs, explaining the size distribution, rather than latitudinal differences. The new species Maeneceras tabasense is described; the genus Iranoceras is revised with a new description of the two species Iranoceras pachydiscus (Walliser, 1966) and Iranoceras pingue (Walliser, 1966).

3

Conodonts and ostracodes from the late Tournaisian bathyal sequence of the Polar Urals

Zhuravlev A. V., Sobolev D. B.

Contemporary Trends in Geoscience

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2018

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Vol. 7, iss. 1

48--58

EN

Early Carboniferous (late Tournaisian) conodonts, recovered from siliceous shales and silicites of the Nyan-Vorga Formation within the Lemva tectonic belt of the Polar Urals (Russia), include the biostratigraphically important taxa Siphonodella lanei, Gnathodus typicus, Dollymae hassi, and Scaliognathus anchoralis, marking the following conodont zones of the upper Tournaisian: crenulata, typicus, and anchoralis. Associated species include representatives of genera Siphonodella, Polygnathus, Pseudopolygnathus, Dollymae, Gnathodus, Kladognathus, and Idioprioniodus. These conodont faunas provide the first biostratigraphically constrained correlations between bathyal deposits of the Lemva Allochthone in the Polar Urals and the “standard” conodont zonation. Ostracodes found in the silicite of the typicus Zone are represented by Sagittibythere ? sp. and Tricornina (Bohemia) sp. The ostracodes are reported from the bathyal deposits of Urals for a first time. The traces of the global Mid-Aikuanian Event are recognized in the upper part of the Tournaisian bathyal succession. This event led to turnover in conodont associations and is followed by increasing in conodont diversity.

4

Debate on skeletal elements of the Triassic conodont Cornudina Hirschmann

Kılıç A. M., Plasencia P., Önder F.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2018

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Vol. 68, no. 2

147--159

EN

The long-ranging Early to Middle Triassic coniform conodont form-genus Cornudina Hirschmann occurs abundantly in the Anisian of NW Turkey, Northern Tethys. Although suggested to represent the P1 element of an apparatus of the Order Ozarkodinida Dzik, questions concerning the apparatus of Cornudina remain. A description of the probable phylogenetic trends in the P1 elements of Cornudina is attempted and the role of the form-genera Ketinella Gedik and Kamuellerella Gedik, as the alternative ramiform skeletal elements in the Cornudina multi-element apparatus, is investigated. The newly described, Gedikella quadrata gen. nov., sp. nov., is an S element, Kamuellerella rectangularis sp. nov., is either an S3 or an S4 element, and Ketinella goermueshi sp. nov., is an M element.

5

Biostratygrafia utworów dewonu i karbonu z centralnej części masywu małopolskiego na podstawie konodontów

Malec J.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2015

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nr 462

41--81

PL

W profilach otworów wiertniczych Pągów IG 1 i Węgrzynów IG 1 (centralna część masywu małopolskiego) wykonano badania konodontów z utworów węglanowych dewonu i najniższego karbonu. W profilu Węgrzynowa na podstawie konodontów udokumentowano utwory żywetu, franu i famenu datowane na poziomy dolny falsiovalis–górny postera, oraz turneju i wizenu z poziomów delicatus–texanus. W profilu Pągowa na podstawie konodontów udokumentowano fran i famen w zakresie poziomów jamieae–górny rhenana oraz dolny expansa. Niepełna sukcesja poziomów konodontowych w profilach Pągowa i Węgrzynowa wskazuje na obecność luk stratygraficznych. W Pągowie luki stwierdzono w utworach dewonu górnego oraz między utworami dewonu i karbonu, natomiast w Węgrzynowie w utworach z pogranicza dewonu i karbonu. W rejonie Węgrzynowa osady dewonu górnego były deponowane w zbiorniku o znacznie większej subsydencji niż w rejonie Pągowa. Utwory dewonu górnego masywu małopolskiego i obszarów ościennych odpowiadające zbliżonym przedziałom biostratygraficznym są podobne pod względem litologicznym i biofacjalnym.

EN

The conodont study was performed on Devonian and lowermost Carboniferous carbonate rocks from the Pągów IG 1 and Węgrzynów IG 1 boreholes located in the central part of the Małopolska Massif. Based on the conodont biostratigraphy, sediments assigned to the Givetian, Frasnian and Famennian (lower falsiovalis–upper postera zones) and to the Tournaisian and Visean (delicatus–texanus zones) were examined in the Węgrzynów section. The Pągów section is represented by Frasnian and Famennian sediments ascribed to the jamieae–upper rhenana and lower expansa zones. The incomplete conodont zone succession in the Pągów and Węgrzynów sections indicates the presence of stratigraphic gaps. In Pągów, these hiatuses were pinpointed in the Upper Devonian and between the Devonian and the Carboniferous, whereas in Węgrzynów at the Devonian–Carboniferous boundary. In the Węgrzynów area, deposition of the Upper Devonian sediments occurred in a basin, showing much greater subsidence than that in the Pągów area. In the Late Devonian sediments of the Małopolska Massif and neighbouring areas of much the same biostratigraphic intervals are similar in terms of lithologic and biofacies characteristics.

6

The Permian and Triassic in the Albanian Alps

Gaetani M., Meço S., Rettori R., Henderson C. M., Tulone A.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2015

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Vol. 65, no. 3

271--295

EN

The sedimentary succession of the Permian to Middle Triassic of the Albanian Alps is described, as part of the eastern Adria passive margin towards the Tethys. A carbonate ramp deepening towards NE in present day coordinates developed during the Middle Permian and was affected by block faulting with the deposition of carbonate breccia. The Early Triassic was characterized by intense terrigenous deposition with several cobble conglomerate units up to 80 m-thick, and by oolitic carbonate shoals. The fine clastic deposition ended gradually during the earliest Anisian and a wide calcarenitic ramp occupied the area, with small local carbonate mounds. Basinward, the red nodular limestone of the Han Bulog Formation was interbedded with calcarenitic material exported from the ramp. Drowning to more open conditions occurred towards the end of the Pelsonian. Subsequently, cherty limestone and tuffitic layers spread over the entire area. Towards the end of the Ladinian, with the end of the volcanic activity, red pelagic limestone was deposited locally for a short period. By the latest Ladinian most of the area returned to shallow-water conditions, with a peritidal carbonate platform. In the Theth area, in contrast, a basin with black organic-rich dolostone and limestone developed which seems to be unique in that part of the Adria passive margin. The occurrence of cobble conglomerate units in the Lower Triassic testifies to very active block faulting and high accommodation, not yet described for the area.

7

Biostratygrafia konodontowa dewonu środkowego obszaru radomsko-lubelskiego

Narkiewicz K.

Prace Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2011

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T.196

147--192

PL

Praca jest syntezą wcześniejszych, publikowanych wyników badań konodontowych dewonu środkowego obszaru radomsko-lubelskiego uzupełnionych o nowe dane z czterech wierceń. Ogółem przeanalizowano 10 profili wiertniczych i 169 próbek, w tym 92 pozytywne, z których uzyskano łącznie około 1600 okazów konodontów. W badanej kolekcji wyróżniono 10 rodzajów i 41 taksonów w randze gatunków i podgatunków, z których 10 znaleziono w Polsce po raz pierwszy. Szereg oznaczeń taksonomicznych i wiekowych zweryfikowano lub ustalono na podstawie nowych obserwacji. Analizowane konodonty należą głównie do biofacji płytkomorskich, zdominowanych przez rodzaje Polygnathus i Icriodus. Dlatego, w analizie biostratygraficznej nie zastosowano zonacji „standardowej” opartej na formach głębokowodnych i (lub) otwartomorskich, ale posłużono się podziałami alternatywnymi. Umożliwiło to wydzielenie 10 poziomów i podpoziomów konodontowych, aczkolwiek w szeregu przypadków możliwe było jedynie szerokie określenie wieku osadów. Zintegrowane dane makro- i mikrofaunistyczne oraz sporowe pozwoliły na identyfikację pięter eifel i żywet oraz podpięter żywetu. Dokładniejsze ustalenie granic chronostratygraficznych było możliwe w przypadku granicy emsu z eiflem, żywetu z franem oraz granic podpięter żywetu: dolnego/środkowego i środkowego/górnego. We wszystkich badanych profilach uzyskane dane pozwoliły na sprecyzowanie chronostratygrafii, która dotychczas była oparta głównie na makrofaunie o szerokich zasięgach wiekowych.

EN

The paper is a synthesis of previously published results of conodont studies of the Middle Devonian in the Radom–Lublin area, supplemented with new data from four boreholes. Altogether, the study was based on 10 borehole sections and 169 samples, including 92 positive from which ca. 1600 specimens have been obtained. The collected material was assigned to 10 genera and 41 taxa of species and subspecies rank, including 10 found for the first time in Poland. Several previous taxonomic and age determinations were verified or established again based on new observations. The analysed forms belong mainly to shallow-marine biofacies dominated by genera Polygnathusa and Icriodus. Therefore, it was hardly possible to apply the “standard” zonation based on deeper-water/open marine taxa and alternative zonations were used instead. This allowed to distinguish 10 zones and subzones, although in several cases only broad age determinations were possible. Integration of the present conodont results with other micro- and macrofaunal as well as palynostratigraphic data allowed to identify the Eifelian and Givetian stages, the latter subdivided into substages. A more precise dating of lithostratigraphic boundaries was possible in the case of the Emsian/Eifelian and Givetian/Frasnian boundaries as well as the Lower/Middle and Middle/Upper Givetian boundaries. In all the investigated sections the obtained results allowed to constrain chronostratigraphy which was previously based mainly on macrofauna with wide stratigraphic ranges.

8

Biostratygrafia konodontowa dewonu górnego lubelszczyzny

Narkiewicz K., Bultynck P.

Prace Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2011

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T.196

193--254

PL

Zbadano 203 próbki konodontowe, w tym 114 pozytywnych, z 15 profili wiertniczych, w większości z utworów franu formacji modryńskiej, a ponadto z fameńskiej formacji bychawskiej i firlejskiej. Ze 100 próbek z profili franu uzyskano 2139 okazów zaliczonych do 9 rodzajów, w obrębie których oznaczono 81 taksonów niższego rzędu. Czternaście gatunków znaleziono i udokumentowano w Polsce po raz pierwszy. Wobec braku form indeksowych wiek zespołów określano głównie na podstawie zestawienia zasięgów stratygraficznych wszystkich elementów znalezionych w próbce. Najwyższą część formacji telatyńskiej w centralnej części basenu lubelskiego, tuż poniżej podstawy formacji modryńskiej, zaliczono do franu dolnego (profile otworów Giełczew PIG 5, Mełgiew 2). Datowania utworów frańskich pozwalają też na zawężenie wieku poszczególnych ogniw tworzących formację modryńską. Udokumentowano diachronizm górnej granicy formacji modryńskiej, która wypada w famenie dolnym w profilu Opole Lubelskie IG 1, a w najwyższym franie w profilu Giełczew PIG 5. Granica franu z famenem biegnie w pobliżu granicy formacji modryńskiej i firlejskiej (Korczmin IG 1). Granica między formacją bychawską a firlejską w segmentach lubelskim i stężyckim przebiega w obrębie wyższego famenu dolnego albo niższego środkowego. W segmencie komarowskim datowanie stropowych partii formacji firlejskiej sugeruje natomiast, że dolna granica formacji hulczańskiej wypada w pobliżu granicy famenu dolnego i środkowego.

EN

Investigations were based on 203 conodont samples, including 114 positive, from 15 borehole sections mainly representative of the Modryń Formation (Frasnian), and also comprising the Famennian Bychawa and Firlej formations. The Frasnian conodont collection was obtained from 100 samples which contained 2139 specimens attributed to 9 genera and 81 lower rank taxa, including 14 species found and documented in Poland for the first time. Age of the assemblages was determined mainly basing on a comparison of stratigraphic ranges of all elements found in a sample. Uppermost part of the Telatyń Formation, just below the base of the Modryń Formation was ascribed to the Lower Frasnian in the Lublin (Central) Segment of the Lublin Basin (Giełczew PIG 5, Mełgiew 2). The conodont biostratigraphy of the Frasnian sections allows to constrain also the age of particular members constituting the Modryń Formation. Upper formation boundary appears diachronous, running in the Lower Famennian in the Opole Lubelskie IG 1 and in the uppermost Frasnianin the Giełczew PIG 5. The boundary between the Bychawa and Firlej formations in the Central and Stężyca (NW) segments is traced in the upper Lower Famennian or lower Middle Famennian. On the other hand, in the Komarów Segment (SE) the data from the uppermost part of the Firlej Formation suggest that the base of the overlying Hulcza Formation runs near the Lower/Middle Famennian boundary.

9

New data on the stratigraphy of the Ordovician at Pobroszyn, Holy Cross Mts., Central Poland

Bednarczyk W., Stempień-Sałek M.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2011

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Vol. 61, no. 1

47-58

EN

New biostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic data are presented for the tectonically reduced Ordovician succession at Pobroszyn in the Łysogóry region of the Holy Cross Mountains, central Poland. Only some of the chronostratigraphic units known from the Łysogóry region can be recognized in this section. However, based on lingulate brachiopods, conodonts, acritarchs and chitinozoa, the units present may be referred to the Late Tremadoc, Late Arenig, Early Lanvirn, Late Lanvirn, Early Caradoc and to the Middle Caradoc and Ashgill. New lithostratigraphic units are established in the lower part of the Ordovician of the Pobroszyn section: the Opatówka Mudstone/Sandstone Formation (?Late Tremadoc) and the Pobroszyn Sandstone Formation (Late Arenig). Three species of lingulate brachiopods are described, of which two are new: Myotreta anitae and Eoconulus lilianae. The conodonts and acritarchs are illustrated and briefly discussed.

10

New conodont and palynological data from the Lower Palaeozoic in Northern Camdag, NW Anatolia, Turkey

Boncheva I., Goncuoglu M., Leslie S., Saydam G., Gedik I., Sachanski V., Konigshof P., Lakova I.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2009

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Vol. 59, no. 2

157-171

EN

Two main thrust slices in the Camdag area (NW Anatolia), were informally named the Southern and Northern Camdag units. New micropaleontological and palynological data about the Ordovician, Silurian and Devonian in the Northern Camdag have allowed a better understanding of the Early Palaeozoic evolution of this critical area between the Istanbul Terrane in the west and the Zonguldak Terrane in the east. The Middle Ordovician age obtained from the conodont-bearing limestone band within the Aydos Formation in this study is in agreement with the data from the Zonguldag Terrane. Acritarch evidence suggests a Late Ordovician age of the upper part of Aydos Formation. This paper concerns the Northern unit. Three members are distinguished in the Findikli Formation and dated biostratigraphically. The lower member (Black Shale Member) of the Findikli Formation is absent from the Kabalak Dere section, but was assigned elsewhere to the Llandovery on the basis of graptolites. The middle member (Shale-Siltstone Member) is dated as Wenlock and Ludlow on the basis of acritarchs. The upper member (Shale-Limestones Member) spans a continuous upper Silurian - Lower Devonian succession. The overlaying Ferizli Formation is assigned to the Middle Devonian on the basis of conodonts. The new stratigraphic data indicate that the Southern Camdag unit corresponds to the Istanbul Terrane and the Northern Camdag unit to the Zonguldak Terrane. The tectonic contact between the Northern and the Southern units is a steep south-verging thrust-fault.

11

The Devonian of Western Karakorum (Pakistan)

Gaetani M., Mawson R., Sciunnach D., Talent J.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2008

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Vol. 58, no. 3

261-285

EN

Devonian rocks crop out in several thrust sheets in the sedimentary belt of North-Western Karakorum, both to the south and to the north of the Reshun Fault. Gently metamorphosed Devonian dolostones and volcanics are also present in the Tash Kupruk Zone north of the thrust sheet system. The most complete succession is found in the Karambar Thrust sheet where dolostones and recrystallized limestones (Vandanil Formation) lie above the black shales and siltstones of the Baroghil Group. The age of the Vandanil Formation is poorly defined, approximating latest Silurian or earliest Devonian at its base and proven to be Pragian in the 4th of its 5 lithozones. The overlying Chilmarabad Formation is divided into two members. The lower member is a mixed siliciclastic-carbonate package, present in most southern and western thrust sheets. The upper member is ubiquitous; it consists of dolostones, often stromatolitic. The calcareous part of the Tash Kupruk Zone consists of similar facies. The carbonate flats of the Chilmarabad Formation display a trend towards emersion towards the top, and are overlain, with regional unconformity, by the basal unit of the Shogram Formation. The base of the latter consists of arenite and fine conglomerate (deposited in an alluvial setting) overlain by alternating marine bioclastic limestones and litharenites with one or two coral bafflestones in the middle to upper part. The age of the lowermost part of the Shogram Formation is Givetian, extending through the Frasnian and seemingly into the Famennian, but the last is poorly documented (contrasting with the classic Shogram and Kuragh sections of Chitral); it reflects a return to fine terrigenous input. The inferred palaeogeography accords with the Northern Karakorum having been part of the Gondwana margin during the Devonian. Awide, mostly calcareous platform, characterised extensive areas of the Karakorum, Central Pamir, Badakhshan and, in a minor way, Central Afghanistan (Helmand Block). The sandstone petrography suggests that clastics polluting the carbonates originated from erosion of a pre-existing sedimentary cover. During the Givetian a first rifting episode, possibly echoing the opening of an ocean to the east, affected the whole area,with volcanic outpourings in the rifts, while eroding shoulders fed the basins, though never extending as deep as the crystalline basement. A minor volcanic input is also recorded. The tectonic pulse almost ceased during the Frasnian, gradually resuming towards the end of the Devonian.

12

Nowa baza danych konodontowego wskażnika przeobrażeń termicznych (CAI)

Malec J., Narkiewicz K.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2005

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Vol. 53, nr 1

33-37

13

Stratygrafia dewońsko-karbońskiej serii węglanowej w rejonie Rajbrotu i Tarnawy

Matyja H., Tomaś A., Lipiec M., Turnau E.

Prace Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2001

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T. 174

33--60

PL

Zintegrowane badania biostratygraficzne, polegające na równoczesnym badaniu tych samych profilów przy pomocy konodontów, otwornic i palinomorf, aczkolwiek nie dały w pełni satysfakcjonujących wyników, pozwoliły na datowanie granic jednostek litostratygraficznych wyróżnionych przez Narkiewicza (2001), na dość wiarygodną wzajemną korelację profilów, przynajmniej na poziomie chronostratygraficznym, na oszacowanie rozmiaru lokalnych luk erozyjnych, a w przyszłości stać się mogą podstawą do szerszych korelacji na skalę regionalną. Początek sedymentacji węglanowych osadów dewońskich przypada w analizowanym obszarze na przełom wczesnego i środkowego dewonu, na pogranicze emsu i eiflu. W obrębie serii węglanowej stwierdzono obecność niewielkiej miąższości osadów środkowego dewonu, prawdopodobnie franu (jego obecności można się jedynie domyślać na podstawie położenia w profilach, brak jest natomiast, jak na razie, datowań biostratygraficznych), relatywnie dużej miąższości datowanych osadów famenu oraz turneju i wizenu: hastaru i iworu, prawdopodobnie również czadu i arundu, a także dobrze datowanego holkeru. Granica między dewonem a karbonem przebiega w obrębie jednej jednostki litostratygraficznej, kompleksu wapieni gruzłowych i ziarnistych, ale jej natura — ciągłość sedymentacji między dewonem a karbonem z objawami spłycenia, jak to ma miejsce w części profilów na świecie, czy też luka erozyjna — pozostaje nadal nieznana. Sedymentacja osadów węglanowych karbonu trwała w badanym obszarze od końca emsu lub początku eiflu aż do wizenu, co najmniej po holker, natomiast sedymentacja osadów klastycznych rozpoczęła się być może już w asbie, a na pewno w namurze, prawdopodobnie w arnsbergu—w dobie triangulus-knoxi (TK), jak wynika z badań Trzepierczyńskiej (2001). Obserwowana luka o tektoniczno-erozyjnym charakterze obejmuje więc późny wizen, asb i brigant. W żadnym z badanych trzech profilów nie znaleziono osadów tego wieku, natomiast w najwyższych partiach serii węglanowej w profilu Tarnawa 1, wydatowanych na podstawie otwornic jako wyższy turnej — iwor, zona Tournayella (Cf2), znalezione zostały w odwróconym porządku stratygraficznym, w niewielkim stopniu wymieszane, zespoły miospor identyfikujące wspomniane brakujące piętra najwyższej części wizenu, niżej miospory dolnej części brigantu (zona VF), wyżej asbu (zony TC i NM). W dolnych partiach osadów klastycznych w profilu Tarnawa 1, datowanych jako namur (prawdopodobnie arnsberg), notowane są również liczne i zróżnicowane taksonomicznie miospory, reprezentujące poziomy TC i NM asbu oraz poziom VF brigantu. Taki zapis stratygraficzny na pograniczu serii węglanowej i klastycznej w profilu Tarnawa 1 sugeruje dość skomplikowany scenariusz procesów i zdarzeń geologicznych, jakie mogły mieć miejsce w tym niewielkim obszarze pod koniec wizenu i na początku namuru: (1) depozycję osadów węglanowych prawdopodobnie aż po holker; (2) śródwizeński epizod tektoniczno-erozyjny, w wyniku którego usuwane mogły być węglanowe osady holkeru, arundu, czadu i części iworu; (3) prawdopodobnie depozycję niewielkiej miąższości klastycznych osadów asbu, brigantu i pendleju; (4) późnowizeński epizod tektoniczno-erozyjny, w wyniku którego usuwane być mogły sukcesywnie klastyczne osady pendleju, brigantu i asbu i (5)uruchomienie sedymentacji w namurze - prawdopodobnie w Arnsbergu.

EN

The subdivision in lithostratigraphical units presently used (Narkiewicz 2001) is schematically shown on Figure 4. Biostratigraphy of the Devonian and Carboniferous in the Tarnawa-Rajbrot area has been established using conodonts and foraminifers and palynomorphs. The three microfossil groups used in conjunction can facilitate better precision in dating and correlating of sequences. Unfortunately, for most of the Devonian and Lower Carboniferous limestone succession, the miospores recovered tend to be too much oxidized and poorly preserved to be useful. They are routinely used in the siliciclastic part of the sequence. Unfortunately, the biostratigraphic evidence is too much incomplete to firmly establish the boundary between the lithostratigraphic units as well as between the Devonian and Carboniferous successions (see Figure 4). Marly dolostones and limestones with bioturbations (DWMB) spans the Middle Devonian, limestones, dolomicrites and dolosparites (WDD) include part of the Middle Devonian, probably Frasnian and part of the Famennian. Nodular and grained limestones unit (WGZ) include the uppermost part of Famennian and part of the Tournaisian (up to the isosticha-Upper crenulata conodont Zone). The Devonian-Carboniferous boundary runs within this lithostratigraphic units but its nature remains unknown. Marly horizon (PM) spans the uppermost isosticha-Upper crenulata-Lower typicus conodont zones (Tournaisian - Ivorian), grained limestones (WZ) include upper part of the Tournaisian (Ivorian to Arundian), and upper limestones and marls unit (WGM) belong to the Viséan (Holkerian, Cf5 foraminifer Zone). Using the integrated results of conodont, foraminifer and palinomorph studies it is possible to conclude that the limestone succession spans the Middle and Upper Devonian, Tournaisian and much of the Viséan, up to the Holkerian. The siliciclastic sedimentation starts certainly at the begining of the Namurian (see Trzepierczyńska, 2001), maybe earlier (during the ?Asbian). There is a significant hiatus at the erosional boundary between the carbonate and clastic sequences which may span the late Asbian and Brigantian. Deposits of this age have been found in none of the three borehole sections. The uppermost t parts of the carbonate series of the Tarnawa 1 borehole, dated by foraminifers as the Upper Tournaisian Ivorian, Tournayella Zone, yielded miospore assemblages, which point to the above-mentioned missing stages of the uppermost Viséan, but occurring in a reverse stratigraphic order (lower in the sections younger miospores of the Brigantian VF zone, above in the section older miospores of the Asbian TC and NM zones). In the lower parts of the clastic sequence of the Tarnawa 1 borehole, dated as the Namurian (probably Arnsbergian), abundant and taxonomically diverse miospores representing the Asbian TC and NM, as well as Brigantian VF Zone, were also found. Such a stratigraphic record of the carbonate/clastic transition zone from the Tarnawa 1 borehole section suggests a fairly complicated succession of events, that may have taken place over this small area at the end of Viséan and beginning of the Namurian: (1) carbonate sedimentation, probably until the Holkerian (by analogy to the Rajbrot 2 borehole section); (2) Mid-Viséantectonic-erosional event that may have caused the removal of the Holkerian, Arundian, Chadian and a part of Ivorian deposits; (3) probable deposition of small thickness Asbian, Brigantian and Pendleian clastics; (4) Late-Viséan tectonic-erosional event which might have resulted in the removal of Pendleian, Brigantian and Asbian clastics; (5) renewal of deposition in the Namurian, probably Arnsbergian. Ivorian to Arundian), and upper limestones and marls unit (WGM) belong to the Viséan (Holkerian, Cf5 foraminifer Zone). Using the integrated results of conodont, foraminifer and palinomorph studies it is possible to conclude that the limestone succession spans the Middle and Upper Devonian, Tournaisian and much of the Viséan, up to the Holkerian. The siliciclastic sedimentation starts certainly at the begining of the Namurian (see Trzepierczyńska, 2001), maybe earlier (during the ?Asbian). There is a significant hiatus at the erosional boundary between the carbonate and clastic sequences which may span the late Asbian and Brigantian. Deposits of this age have been found in none of the three borehole sections. The uppermost tparts of the carbonate series of theTarnawa 1 borehole, dated by foraminifers as the Upper Tournaisian Ivorian, Tournayella Zone, yielded miospore assemblages, which point to the above-mentioned missing stages of the uppermost Viséan, but occurring in a reverse stratigraphic order (lower in the sections younger miospores of the Brigantian VF zone, above in the section older miospores of the Asbian TC and NM zones). In the lower parts of the clastic sequence of the Tarnawa 1 borehole, dated as the Namurian (probably Arnsbergian), abundant and taxonomically diverse miospores representing the Asbian TC and NM, as well as Brigantian VF Zone, were also found. Such a stratigraphic record of the carbonate/clastic transition zone from the Tarnawa 1 borehole section suggests a fairly complicated succession of events, that may have taken place over this small area at the end of Viséan and beginning of the Namurian: (1) carbonate sedimentation, probably until the Holkerian (by analogy to the Rajbrot 2 borehole section); (2) Mid-Viséantectonic-erosional event that may have caused the removal of the Holkerian, Arundian, Chadian and a part of Ivorian deposits; (3) probable deposition of small thickness Asbian, Brigantian and Pendleian clastics; (4) Late-Viséan tectonic-erosional event which might have resulted in the removal of Pendleian, Brigantian and Asbian clastics; (5) renewal of deposition in the Namurian, probably Arnsbergian.

14

Biostratygrafia utworów dewonu węglanowego krawędziowej, wschodniej części bloku górnośląskiego

Woźniak P.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2001

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nr 398

85-105

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań konodontowych przeprowadzonych w 17 otworach wiertniczych zlokalizowanych w krawędziowej, wschodniej części bloku górnośląskiego. Otwory wiertnicze, w których uzyskano pozytywne wyniki, przebiły jedynie cząstkowe profile dewonu środkowego i górnego, a w jednym przypadku karbonu dolnego (26-BN). Głębokości zalegania skał z wyznaczonymi poziomami konodontowymi są różne. W udokumentowanych w otworach wiertniczych BK-293 i BK-343 piętrach fran i famen, nie obserwuje się ciągłego przejścia sedymentacyjnego (kontakt tektoniczny). Uzyskane wyniki badań konodontowych mogą być wykorzystane do konstrukcji szczegółowych modeli budowy geologicznej paleozoiku we wschodniej części bloku górnośląskiego.

EN

This paper contains the results of the biostratigraphy analysis of conodonts obtained from seventeen boreholes from eastern, margin part of the Upper Silesian Block. Boreholes with positive results, reached only partial profiles of the Middle and Upper Devonian series. In one case Carboniferous ages have been documented (26-BN). The depth of the sediments determined by conodont zonation vary in different boreholes. The Frasnian/Famennian boundary was observed in two boreholes (BK-293 and BK-343), but this is discontinuous cased by geological displacement (fault). The results of this work might be used during the preparation of the detailed regional models of the selected section of the eastern and northern parts of the Upper Silesian Block.