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1 2007

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Związki galu : szansa dla medycyny XXI wieku

Miernicka M., Budzisz E.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

2007

[Z] 61, 11-12

937-962

Gallium(III) salts have been explored for their antineoplastic properties since 60. of XX century, but clinical experience has revealed unfavorable toxicological and pharmacokinetic properties. Much of the present knowledge about the biodistribution of gallium compounds stems from the application of gallium radionuclides in tumor diagnosis. Half and century ago, when the affinity of gallium for bone was recognized, the use of gallium(III) radionuclides for diagnosis and radiotherapy of osteogenic sarcoma was first proposed. However, interest in the broader potential of gallium in tumor therapy has only been stimulated by the discovery of the antineo-plastic properties of cisplatin and the observation of a tendency of gallium to accumulate in various tumors, soft tissues and sites of inflammation. The concept of an investigation of antineoplastic gallium(III) complexes are essentially derived from experience with gallium(III) nitrate and chloride. Attempts to improve the pharmacological effects by changing the way of administration were granted insufficient success to justify further investigation as cancer therapeutics. However, recent years have seen renewed interest in gallium compounds, because the oral application of gallium(III) complexes with organic ligands has been recognized as a way to overcome the limitations of gallium(III) nitrate and chloride. Two of these gallium(III) complexes - gallium maltolate and KP46 - have reached the clinical trials. Gallium(III) complexes based on other ligands are noticeably underexplored.