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1

Strategic management in conditions of uncertainty

Dźwigoł Henryk, Dźwigoł-Barosz Mariola

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2023

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z. 168

119--131

EN

Purpose: to analyse the variables influencing the construction of a new approach in the strategic management process of an enterprise operating under uncertainty. As a theoretical background for the research, the 'valued' concepts related to business management occurring in the global economy were used, i.e. the concepts of knowledge economy, network organisation, sustainable development, time management and social participation. Design/methodology/approach: it is necessary to use methods in practice for research in management science based on observation of facts and the classification used in the methodology of inductive sciences such as: • observation carried out under natural conditions and interaction with the companies under investigation, • observation-intervention which takes place within the framework of transformation activities in companies, and the researcher has a direct influence on the decisions made in this respect. This implies the need to combine scientific and practical objectives. Findings: The market has forced a move away from the traditional business management approach to task-focused teams, where today's boss may be his subordinate's subordinate tomorrow, because that is better for the objectives of a particular project. These groups will be interdisciplinary, according to the nature of the task, and their participants will gain a pretty good knowledge of what the other partners are up to and will be prepared enough to replace them with dignity in forced situations. This approach offers an opportunity for the company to adapt more quickly to dynamic changes in the environment. Research limitations/implications: The research should address the development of a tool to support the selection of methods and approaches for the strategic management process under uncertainty. Practical implications: The authors have identified only some of the determinants of strategic management under uncertainty, such as the knowledge economy, sustainable development, network structure in the enterprise, time management, soft factors in the management process under uncertainty - emotional intelligence. The research should not only develop new approaches in the process of strategic management, but also identify management methods that should primarily be applied under conditions of uncertainty. Originality/value: In the conditions of pandemics and wars, it is necessary to develop a flexible approach to the process of strategic corporate management. It is also necessary to develop or modify existing management methods for these difficult times of dynamic change in the environment.

2

Knowledge management at Ukrainian industrial enterprises in the context of innovative development

Illiashenko Sergii, Shypulina Yuliia, Illiashenko Nataliia, Gryshchenko Olena, Derykolenko Anna

Engineering Management in Production and Services

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2020

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Vol. 12, no. 3

43--56

EN

The research aimed to identify promising areas and outline problems associated with the transition of Ukrainian industrial enterprises towards advanced innovative development based on information and knowledge and to formulate recommendations for improving the knowledge management and commercialisation at these enterprises. The study used several methods for analysis, including a literature review; system, structural and statistical analyses; SWOT analysis; the inference method; and interpretation. The research efforts resulted in systemised major sources of knowledge in an enterprise and types of their utilisation. The performed analysis found the key ways to obtain and commercialise knowledge used by Ukrainian industrial enterprises. The results were compared with data of the EU countries. The analysis produced strengths and weaknesses of the existing knowledge management system used in Ukrainian enterprises. Strengths: growth in the number of enterprises producing new knowledge and implementing marketing and organisational innovations; intensified patent activity; and a rational structure of innovation-active enterprises by their size. Weaknesses: the new knowledge structure does not meet the needs of enterprises; an insignificant and unstable share of innovation-active enterprises in the total number of firms; and insignificant sales volumes of patents. The research revealed that Ukrainian enterprises had the potential ability to produce and commercialise new knowledge effectively and to use it as the basis to form, strengthen and implement relative competitive advantages, which would contribute to the innovative growth of the Ukrainian economy as a whole. Recommendations were designed for the formation of prerequisites necessary to improve the efficiency of knowledge management in the context of conditions required for the innovative development of domestic enterprises. The obtained results can be used as an information base for evaluating the system of knowledge production and commercialisation at Ukrainian enterprises to enhance the management and identify promising areas for innovative development.

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Impact of the value-added intellectual coefficient and its components on overall performance of selected European companies

Mrazkova S., Perzelova I., Glova J.

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2016

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Vol. 14, No. 2

161--171

EN

This paper discusses intellectual capital as one of the key determinants of companies’ competitiveness and its future development. The purpose of this research is to identify the performance of intellectual capital measured by Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC™) in selected European companies, to empirically estimate the relationship between intellectual capital performance and overall performance of these companies, and examine the role of various intellectual capital components. Intellectual capital shows to have significant influence on ROE and employees’ productivity but the analysis casts doubt on the VAIC as a proper measure of intellectual capital, at least from the value perspective view.

PL

Niniejszy artykuł omawia kapitał intelektualny jako jedną z kluczowych determinant konkurencyjności przedsiębiorstw i ich przyszłego rozwoju. Celem niniejszego badania jest określenie wpływu kapitału intelektualnego mierzonego poprzez współczynnik intelektualnej wartości dodanej (VAIC™) w wybranych europejskich przedsiębiorstwach, w celu empirycznego oszacowania zależności między wydajnością kapitału intelektualnego a ogólną produktywnością przedsiębiorstw oraz zbadania roli różnych składników kapitału intelektualnego. Kapitał intelektualny ma istotny wpływ na ROE oraz produktywność pracowników, ale przeprowadzona analiza rzuca cień wątpliwości na matodę VAIC jako właściwą miarę kapitału intelektualnego, przynajmniej z punktu widzenia wartości.

4

ICT solutions in intelligent organizations as challenges in a knowledge economy

Adamczewski P.

Management

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2016

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Vol. 20, no. 2

197--208

EN

Solutions of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) are the foundation of modern economic organizations in a knowledge economy. This is the case in particular in intelligent organizations, for which the advanced ICT infrastructure is the sine qua non condition for the effective knowledge management. This article is aimed at describing the role of modern ICT trends, which are described as SMAC, (Social, Mobility, Analytics, Cloud), and are becoming an essential ICT element supporting management processes. Such solutions enable to create new models of organization operations on the global markets using strategic resources, such as the knowledge supported with SMAC solutions. The arguments are illustrated with results of own research conducted by the author in 2014-2016 in selected SME’sfrom the Mazowieckie and Wielkopolskie rovinces and their reference to the general development trends in this area.

PL

Rozwiązania ICT (Information and Communication Technology) stanowią podstawę nowoczesnych organizacji gospodarczych. W szczególności dotyczy to organizacji inteligentnych, dla których zaawansowana infrastruktura teleinformatyczna jest warunkiem sine qua non sprawnego zarządzania wiedzą. Celem artykułu jest ukazanie trendów rozwojowych ICT określanych mianem SMAC (Social, Mobility, Analytics, Cloud), a stanowiących aktualnie kanon informatycznego wspomagania procesów zarządzania w ramach tzw. trzeciej platformy informatycznej. Rozwiązania te pozwalają tworzyć nowe modele funkcjonowania organizacji na rynkach globalnych z wykorzystaniem strategicznych zasobów, jakimi jest wiedza wspomagana rozwiązaniami SMAC. Rozważania zostały zilustrowane wynikami badań własnych autora przeprowadzonych w okresie 2014-15 w wybranych przedsiębiorstwach sektora MSP województw mazowieckiego i wielkopolskiego i odniesienie ich od ogólnych tendencji rozwojowych w tym zakresie.

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Международная интеллектуальная миграция в экономике знаний

Bondar M.

Ekonomia i Zarządzanie

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2013

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Vol. 5, no. 2

52--69

RU

Международная интеллектуальная миграция как явление сформировалась на позднем этапе развития международной трудовой миграции. Имеет она сложную структуру, идет процесс ее дифференциации по профессиональным признакам, уровню квалификации с выделением потоков обладателей интеллектуального капитала. Наряду с категорией международной интеллектуальной миграции правомерно использование категории «утечка умов», при которой вектор движения интеллектуального капитала является однонаправленным. В статье представлен генезис международной трудовой и интеллектуальной миграции и указанные различия между международной интеллектуальнойm миграцией, трудовой миграцией и «утечкой умов».

XX

International intellectual migration as a phenomenon emerged at a late stage of the development of international labour migration. It has a complex structure. It is a process of differentiation on professional grounds, skill level with the release of the holders of intellectual capital flows. Along with the category of international intellectual migration lawful use of the category "brain drain" in which a motion vector of intellectual capital is unidirectional. The paper presents the genesis of international labour and intellectual migration and the differences between international intellectual migration, labour migration and the "brain drain".

6

Ekonomia wiedzy w warunkach nowej gospodarki

Skrzypek E.

Problemy Jakości

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2012

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R. 44, nr 7-8

4-7

PL

Nowa gospodarka to zespół zjawisk i zależności o charakterze ekonomicznym i kulturowym. Jest utożsamiana z nową ekonomią, za cechę której uznano silną koncentrację na zasobach niematerialnych, ze szczególnym naciskiem na kapitał intelektualny. Nowa gospodarka oparta jest na nowych metodach gospodarowania. Zasoby wiedzy są kluczowym i rozstrzygającym składnikiem potencjału konkurencyjnego przedsiębiorstw. Gospodarka oparta na wiedzy (GOW) stała się odpowiedzią na globalizację. Jest to gospodarka globalna, faworyzuje byty niematerialne oraz jest silnie połączona wewnętrznie. W referacie zwrócono uwagę na istotę ekonomii wiedzy, wskazano cechy nowej gospodarki, podkreślono rolę wiedzy w nowej ekonomii, omówiono wyznaczniki nowej gospodarki oraz wskazano na obszary ekonomii wiedzy. Odniesiono się do ekonomii wiedzy niedoskonałej R. Frydmana.

EN

The new economy is a set of economic and cultural phenomena and relationships It is associated with the new economy, a feature which has a strong focus on intangible resources, with particular emphasis on intellectual capital. The new economy is based on new methods of management. Knowledge is an essential and decisive component of the competitive potential of enterprises. Knowledge economy has become a response to globalization. It is a global economy, it encourages immaterial entities not and is strongly connected internally. The paper highlights the essence of the knowledge economy, identifies features of the new economy, highlights the role of knowledge in the new economy, discusses the determinants of the new economy and identifies the areas of the knowledge economy. Reference was made to the economics of imperfect knowledge by R. Frydman.

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Umiędzynarodowienie gospodarki państw OECD jako czynnik dynamizujący rozwój sektora technologii informacji i komunikacji w regionie

Jaworska M.

Metody Informatyki Stosowanej

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2008

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nr spec. (Tom 14)

77-87

EN

The long-term trend towards a knowledge-based economy continues. Science, technology and innovation have become key factors contributing to economic growth in both advanced and developing economies. In the knowledge economy, information circulates at the international level through trade in goods and services, direct investment and technology flows and the movement of people.

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Information technologies in the context of virtual organizations development

Kalinowska B.

Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems

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2008

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Vol. 2, No. 3

58-61

EN

The aim of this paper is to present the influence of information technologies (IT) on the organization structure, particularly in the context of virtual organizations’ (VO) development. The work describes examples and new models of virtual organizations. Subject connected with this type of organization is comparatively young and has appeared in the Internet era. Thanks to the development of communication technology enterprises can function in more elastic and competitive way: in innovative virtual forms. This new type of organizations will enlarge their market share. There are possibilities to reduce costs and be more competitive in the same time. Electronic and computer systems make the fundaments of the virtual organization management. Main activities of such organization are: information flow control, planning, production, service, distribution of products, and promotion. In the global economy virtual projects can be perceived as an optimal model of the organization activity. The new organizations are aiming to reinforce their competitive position, as well as to increase the profitability; they have also to take care of the smallest project details, the exact control of costs and optimisation of schedules. Virtual projects and organizations are still not well recognized. New researches should be taken up in this field.

9

Dylematy związane z centralizacją/decentralizacją państwa budowy GOW w Polsce

Fazlagić A. J.

Problemy Jakości

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2006

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R. 38, nr 9

9-12

PL

W gospodarce opartej na wiedzy potrzebne są nowoczesne mechanizmy weryfikacji, transferu i wykorzystywania wiedzy.

EN

The author compares the (dis)advantages of centralisation and decentralisation for efficient operation of the Polish government. The analysis could be summarised as an attempt at finding a satisfactory answer to the question if the quality of decisions taken at the local level is higher with the local knowledge base used or it is better to rely on the educated elites attracted by the decision centres (i.e. the capital city) who have the global knowledge.

10

Innowacyjność i metody jej symulowania.

Galar R., Szalbierz Z., Waszkiewicz J.

Prace Naukowe Instytutu Organizacji i Zarządzania Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Studia i Materiały

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2005

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Vol. 78, nr 20

151-163

PL

Artykuł stanowi teoretyczną podstawę przygotowanego przez autorów projektu Dolnośląskiej strategii innowacyjnej. Bada się w nim podejście do zjawiska innowacyjności koncentrując się przede wszystkim na tych ujęciach, które akcentują jego kulturowe uwarunkowania.

EN

The paper deals with the number of theoretical concepts that the structure of innovation strategies was based on. It shows that the knowledge of the innovation phenomenon is far from being complete and agreed upon, and vivid discussions conducted both in scientific and political environments, concern sometimes basic issues.

11

Dolnośląska strategia innowacji.

Galar R., Szalbierz Z., Waszkiewicz J.

Prace Naukowe Instytutu Organizacji i Zarządzania Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Studia i Materiały

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2005

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Vol. 78, nr 20

165-195

PL

Praca stanowi wyciąg z przygotowanego przez autorów projektu Dolnośląskiej Strategii Innowacji województwa dolnośląskiego. Analizie poddano uwarunkowania i możliwości zbudowania regionalnego sytemu innowacyjnego, który sprzyjałby powstawaniu, aplikowaniu i rozpowszechnianiu innowacji, sprawiając, że gospodarka regionu stanie się gospodarką opartą na wiedzy. Szczególnie silnie eksponuje się kulturowe i cywilizacyjne uwarunkowania postulowanych procesów.

EN

The presented Lower Silesia Innovation Strategy is based on the conviction that innovation in itself is of cultural phenomenon and the growth of social capital resources of Lower Silesia is the key to success. Only then the fragments of the innovative system, already existing in the region, can be integrated into the functioning whole. Only then the import of technologies and capital will favour the development of the economy based on knowledge. Such a diagnosis does not promise an easy success but in case of prosperity it gives realistic chances of improving the competitive position of the region.

12

Pomiar kapitału społecznego w budowie gospodarki opartej na wiedzy w Polsce

Fazlagić A.

Problemy Jakości

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2004

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R. 36, nr 1

5-10

EN

Social capital includes trust, mutual trust, common values and behaviour that bind together human groups and communities and make collective actions possible. The author emphasises the existence of a significant relationship between the level of social capital and the dynamics of economic growth. He claims that all activities aimed at increasing the level of social capital will contribute to achieving of macroeconomic objectives.

13

Unia Europejska na drodze do gospodarki opartej na wiedzy

Fazlagić A.

Problemy Jakości

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2003

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R. 35, nr 1

10-14

EN

The growth of the innovativeness in all European Union countries is one of the strategic goals of their economies. The related factors, joined to measurement of the innovativeness, are based on four areas: 1. Human resources, 2.Creation of new knowledge, S.Transmission and creation of new knowledge, and 4. Innovations in finances, output and markets. They are here explained correctly, then described more detailed and compared with USA and Japan results as well.

14

Zatrudnienie i produktywność w gospodarce wiedzy

Fazlagić A.

Problemy Jakości

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2001

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nr 11

32-37

EN

In the XXI century the most important resources in enterprises will be so called knowledge workers and their productivity realized. And the best "tools" are not in technical workshops, but really in human brains. In the new economy, the production of knowledge will be decisive. Who does not understand the simplicity of that idea, ya will be not more competitive in the strategic sense. For such situations and continuous progress, the development of services with the strongest focus on intellectual entrepreneurship, is necessary. How to determine the productivity of knowledge workers? How to measure it? In such new circumstances the new formulation of productivity is probably needed. The starting point is joined with the correct definition of the job, its goals, tasks and realization ways. Being so, it will be much easier to perform so called "correct work" and not to do correctly i.e. an "inappropriate work". The discussion of this kind, with interesting conclusions, is in the context of the articte presented.

15

Gospodarka wiedzy

Fazlagić A.

Problemy Jakości

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2001

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nr 2

4-8

PL

Do określenia wyłaniającego się modelu nowej gospodarki pretenduje co najmniej kilka określeń: gospodarka postindustrialna, gospodarka wiedzy, gospodarka informacyjna. Jest wiele przesłanek aby nową gospodarkę określić mianem gospodarki wiedzy. Zarządzanie w gospodarce wiedzy stawia managerom inne wyzwania niż to miało miejsce w przypadku zarządzania przedsiębiorstwami ery industrialnej.

EN

In the literature are used different meanings for the same determination, like knowledge economy, postindustrial economy, information economy, service economy and so on. The problem is not so new but the concept, based on the newly focused challenges is modern oriented, including the information technology development. Therefore the question: how to manage in new economy?, is practically open, searching proper effectiveness and results with existing turbulencies and problems. In the context are presented very specific principles, formed for such industrial conditions. They are very discutible but demonstrate the direction of thinking. And they are described in the article. The impact of IT (Information Technologies) is emphasized.