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Wpływ klina Wyżu Azjatyckiego nad Skandynawią na temperaturę powietrza w Europie

Degirmendzić J.

Przegląd Geofizyczny

1999

Z. 4

211-229

In this paper relationships between temperature field in Europe and circulation generated by Asiatic High wedges over Scandinavia were investigated. In the preliminary stage of the study, according to appropriate synoptic criteria, the cases of Scandinavian wedge occurrence in the period between December and March (1946-1994), were identified. In order to characterize temperature variability influenced by the wedges, maps of daily temperature anomalies were used. The analysis of thermal properties of the airstream at 850 hPa isobaric level generated by the wedge was carried out on the basis of streamlines and isotachs pattern as well as temperature field during the wedge occurrence. Special attention was paid to the following points: 1. Asiatic High wedge over Scandinavia brings about a decrease in mean daily temperature at 850 hPa level within the aector 45 - 60 N, 5 - 30 E, that is in the middle-latitude belt which covers the Central and Northern Europe. The highest negative anomalies occur in March (-7 C), while the lowest ones in February (-3,5 C). It is due to the fact that in March the northeastern cold current over Central Europe originates in the eastern sector of Scandinavian High, in February, however the source region for the stream is located north of the Caspian and the Black Sea. 2. Couple pressure system: the Scandinavian wedge - a low a trough of low pressure in the eastern Mediteranean forces a flow of cold air to move southwestwards to the Central Europe. 3. In the eastern sector of the low coupled with the Scandinavian wedge (in the region of the Caspian Sea) a temperature increase is observed, which is equal to 3-4 C in December, January, March and 1,5 C in February. Although the daily temperature anomalies associated with the Scandinavian wedge are statistically significant, owing to its short-lived and episodic character (if this system occurs it lasts 4 days during one month on average), it shouldn't be treated as an important factor affecting the dynamics of climate in Poland and Europe.