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1

Prospective study on safety climate of surface mining in Pakistan

Jiskani Izhar Mithal, Chalgri Saleem Raza, Memon Safiullah, Shahani Niaz Muhammad, Qureshi Abdullah Rasheed, Jarwar Zuhaib Aslam

Journal of Sustainable Mining

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2020

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Vol. 19, iss. 1

11--18

EN

The purpose of this study was to assess miners’ perceptions about the safety climate of their workplace. To achieve the research aim, the relationship between demographic characteristics and occupational hazards was first determined, and finally, the relationship of safety climate with occupational hazards and health-seeking behavior was discovered. The data was collected through a self-reporting questionnaire. The results revealed that the subjects have to deal with severe occupational hazards, and they possess poor health-seeking behavior. A safety climate assessment showed that only one of the seven dimensions (i.e. safety communication, learning, and trust in co-worker safety competence) was at a satisfactory level. With respect to the first objective, we found that age, education, and experience were statistically significant with occupational hazards, while marital status had no significant impact on occupational hazards. Regarding the second objective, three dimensions (management safety justice, safety communication, learning, and trust in co-worker safety competence, and workers’ trust in the efficacy of safety systems) were significant predictors of occupational hazards. The study reflects that workers’ participation is the main factor in setting up an adequate safety climate within the organization. Suggestions provided in this study could provide useful information to managers and safety practitioners to improve safety performance and promote the safety climate in the organization.

2

Właściwości psychometryczne skróconej wersji Kwestionariusza Klimatu Bezpieczeństwa-50 (KKB-50)

Znajmiecka-Sikora Marta

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Łódzka

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2019

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z. 72

73--94

PL

W niniejszym artykule zaprezentowano wyniki prac poświęconych skróconej wersji kwestionariusza do pomiaru klimatu bezpieczeństwa. Klimat bezpieczeństwa rozumiany jest jako suma moralnych spostrzeżeń pracowników na temat ich środowiska pracy, stanowi odzwierciedlenie pracowniczej percepcji organizacyjnego systemu zarządzania, z uwzględnieniem polityki, stosowanych praktyk i procedur. Skrócona wersja Kwestionariusza Klimatu Bezpieczeństwa zawiera 50 twierdzeń, które tworzą 10 wymiarów: partycypacja pracowników w sprawy bezpieczeństwa, zachowania bezpieczne, zaangażowanie kierownictwa, modelowanie i wzmacnianie bezpiecznych zachowań w organizacji, zarządzanie ryzykiem w sytuacji wypadku, zaplecze techniczne i ergonomia, tempo pracy i poziom zmęczenia, proces szkolenia w zakresie bhp, atmosfera w miejscu pracy, polityka organizacji w zakresie zarządzania bhp. Badania przeprowadzono w grupie 813 osób. Wstępne analizy wskazują na satysfakcjonujące własności psychometryczne, a co za tym idzie – KKB-50 można uznać za trafne i rzetelne narzędzie do pomiaru klimatu bezpieczeństwa w organizacji. Wartość współczynnika alfa Cronbacha dla globalnego wymiaru klimatu bezpieczeństwa wyniosła 0,930, zaś dla jego poszczególnych skal wahała się w przedziale 0,67- 0,83. Trafność kwestionariusza szacowana przy użyciu współczynników korelacji liniowej r-Pearsona jest na dobrym poziomie (r = 0,84, p < 0,01). Analiza czynnikowa potwierdza jednorodność skal.

EN

This article presents the results of works on a shortened version of Questionnaire of the Safety Climate. Safety climate is treated as the sum of the employees’ moral perceptions of their work environment. It reflects employees’ perceptions of organizational management system including policies, practices and procedures. The shortened version of Questionnaire of the Safety Climate contains 50 statements that create 10 dimensions: employees’ participation in safety matters, safe behaviours, management commitment, modeling and strengthening of safe behaviours in the organization, risk management in case of an accidents, technical facilities and ergonomics, work pace and the level of fatigue , the process of health and safety trainings, workplace atmosphere, organization policy in the field of occupational health and safety management. The research was conducted in a group of 813 people. Preliminary analyzes indicate satisfying psychometric properties, and thus – KKB-50 can be considered as a valid and reliable tool for measuring the safety climate in an organization. The value of Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the global dimension of the safety climate was 0.930, while for its individual scales it fluctuated within 0.67-0.83. The accuracy of the questionnaire estimated using the linear correlation coefficients r-Pearson is on a good level (r = 0.84, p < 0.01). Factor analysis confirms the homogeneity of scales.

3

Examining the level of safety climate in a construction company

Gabryelewicz I.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Organizacja i Zarządzanie

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2016

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Nr 69

39--48

EN

According to statistical data, the main cause of accidents is inappropriate behaviour of an employee. The analysis of causes of accidents determined that it is due to the low level of work safety culture. The main aim of the presented research was the assessment of the influence of selected sociodemographic factors on the level of safety climate in micro and small construction companies. The research was carried out by means of an authorial survey questionnaire on a group of 48 employees. Out of the mentioned factors, age and seniority have the biggest influence on the level of safety climate in the examined companies. The analysis shows that in the group consisting of the youngest employees and the group consisting of employees with the least seniority preventive measures should be taken in order to raise the level of work safety culture.

PL

Według danych statystycznych główną przyczyną wypadków przy pracy jest niewłaściwe zachowanie się pracownika. W analizie przyczyn wypadków określane jest to jako niski poziom kultury bezpieczeństwa pracy. Głównym celem zaprezentowanych badań była ocena wpływu wybranych czynników socjodemograficznych na poziom klimatu bezpieczeństwa w mikro i małych firmach budowlanych. Badania przeprowadzono za pomocą autorskiego kwestionariusza ankiety na grupie 48 pracowników. Z wybranych czynników socjodemograficznych wiek i staż pracy mają największy wpływ na poziom klimatu bezpieczeństwa w badanych przedsiębiorstwach. Z analizy danych wynika, że w grupie najmłodszych pracowników oraz w grupie pracowników z najniższym stażem pracy należy podjąć działania prewencyjne w celu podniesienia poziomu klimatu bezpieczeństwa pracy.

4

Możliwości diagnozy kultury bezpieczeństwa – wstępna analiza własności psychometrycznych narzędzia do pomiaru klimatu bezpieczeństwa

Znajmiecka-Sikora M.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Łódzka

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2016

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z. 66

65--95

PL

Artykuł prezentuje wstępne wyniki prac nad narzędziem do pomiaru klimatu bezpieczeństwa. Klimat bezpieczeństwa traktowany jest jako suma moralnych spostrzeżeń, które podzielają pracownicy na temat ich środowiska pracy. Odzwierciedla pracowniczą percepcję organizacyjnego systemu zarządzania z uwzględnieniem polityki, stosowanych praktyk i procedur, które wskazują jak bezpieczeństwo jest realizowane w środowisku pracy. Przygotowana wersja Kwestionariusza Klimatu Bezpieczeństwa składa się ze 106 twierdzeń, obejmujących wymiary związane z partycypacją pracowników w sprawy bezpieczeństwa, zachowaniami bezpiecznymi, zaangażowaniem kierownictwa, modelowaniem i wzmacnianiem bezpiecznych zachowań w organizacji, zarządzaniem ryzykiem w miejscu pracy, zapleczem technicznym i ergonomią, tempem pracy i poziomem zmęczenia, procesem szkolenia w zakresie bhp, atmosferą w miejscu pracy, polityką organizacji w zakresie zarządzania bhp. Wyniki analiz przeprowadzonych z udziałem 695 osób pokazują, że rzetelność wyróżnionych skal jest satysfakcjonująca (alfa Cronbacha od 0,68 do 0,89). Również trafność kwestionariusza, oszacowana za pomocą współczynników korelacji liniowej r-Pearsona, jest na dobrym poziomie (r = 0,88, p < 0,01). Wyniki analizy czynnikowej wskazują na jednorodność 4 spośród 10 poskal, w pozostałych można wyodrębnić kolejne subwymiary. Wstępne analizy pozwalają uznać KKB za trafne i rzetelne narzędzie do pomiaru klimatu bezpieczeństwa w organizacji.

EN

This article presents the results of work on the tool for measuring the safety climate. Safety climate is treated as the sum of the moral perceptions that employees’ share about their environment. It reflects employee perceptions of organizational management system regarding policies, practices and procedures that indicate how safety is implemented in the work environment The prepared version of the Questionnaire of the Safety Climate consists of 106 statements regarding the dimensions related to employee participation in safety issues, safe behaviors, management’s commitment, modeling and strengthening safe behaviors in the organization, risk management in the workplace, technical equipment and ergonomics, the pace of work and the level of fatigue , the process of training in health and safety, the atmosphere in the workplace, the organization's policies in the management of health and safety. The results of analyzes conducted for the 695 people show that the reliability of the scale is satisfactory (Cronbach's alpha from 0.68 to 0.89). What is more, the accuracy of the questionnaire is on a good level (r = 0.88, p < 0.01). The results of the factor analysis indicate the homogeneity of 4 scales. Preliminary analyzes allow saying that KKB is accurate and reliable tool for measuring the climate of security in the organization.

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Różnice indywidualne a zachowania pracowników w kontekście kultury bezpieczeństwa - ogólne uwarunkowania w przemyśle wydobywczym

Bartosz N., Piróg-Nabokowa I., Teodorski D.

Przegląd Górniczy

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2016

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T. 72, nr 11

54--60

PL

Celem artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi na znaczenie czynników podmiotowych - indywidualnych oraz wskazanie ich wpływu na kształtowanie kultury bezpieczeństwa w przedsiębiorstwach wydobywczych. W tym kontekście podkreślono rolę różnic indywidualnych związanych przede wszystkim z temperamentalnymi uwarunkowaniami zachowań probezpiecznych. W artykule omówiono także zagadnienia dotyczące wybranych aspektów psychologii różnic indywidualnych, problematykę bezpieczeństwa z uwzględnieniem definicji kultury i klimatu bezpieczeństwa, złożonych relacji pomiędzy charakterystycznymi cechami temperamentu a podejmowaniem zachowań probezpiecznych lub ryzykownych przez pracowników. W końcowej części artykułu zostały przedstawione praktyczne wskazówki, które można zaimplementować w przedsiębiorstwach wydobywczych.

EN

This paper highlights the significance of individual subject-related factors and indicates their impact on the development of the safety culture in mining enterprises. The role of individual differences related mainly to pro-safety behaviours driven by individuals’ tempers was emphasized in this context. The paper also addresses the issues pertaining to the selected aspects of the psychology of individual differences, the safety problems including the definition of the safety culture and climate, complex relations between characteristic features of a temper and undertaking pro-safety behaviours vs. the risky ones by employees. The final section presents practical guidelines that may be implemented in mining enterprises.

6

Relationship Between Organizational Justice and Organizational Safety Climate: Do Fairness Perceptions Influence Employee Safety Behaviour?

Gyekye S. A., Haybatollahi M.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2014

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Vol. 20, No. 2

199--211

EN

This study investigated the relationships between organizational justice, organizational safety climate, job satisfaction, safety compliance and accident frequency. Ghanaian industrial workers participated in the study (N = 320). Safety climate and justice perceptions were assessed with Hayes, Parender, Smecko, et al.’s (1998) and Blader and Tyler’s (2003) scales respectively. A median split was performed to dichotomize participants into 2 categories: workers with positive and workers with negative justice perceptions. Confirmatory factors analysis confirmed the 5-factor structure of the safety scale. Regression analyses and t tests indicated that workers with positive fairness perceptions had constructive perspectives regarding workplace safety, expressed greater job satisfaction, were more compliant with safety policies and registered lower accident rates. These findings provide evidence that the perceived level of fairness in an organization is closely associated with workplace safety perception and other organizational factors which are important for safety. The implications for safety research are discussed.

7

Validating a Safety Climate Model in Metal Processing Industries: A Replication Study

Braunger P., Frank H., Korunka C., Lueger M., Kubicek B.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2013

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Vol. 19, No. 1

143--155

EN

This paper attempts to replicate a safety climate model originally tested in Australia to assess its applicability in a different context: namely, across production workers in 22 medium-sized metal processing organizations in Austria. The model postulates that safety knowledge and safety motivation mediate the relation between safety climate on the one hand and safety compliance and participation on the other. Self-report data from 1075 employees were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results of the replication study largely confirmed the original safety climate model. However, in addition to indirect effects, direct links between safety climate and actual safety behavior were found.

8

Safety Climate and Prediction of Ergonomic Behavior

Khandan M., Maghsoudipour M., Vosoughi S., Kavousi A.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2013

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Vol. 19, No. 4

523--530

EN

One of the most important ways to prevent accidents is to consider safety climate or culture. Moreover, some studies suggest that behavior contributes to 86%–96% of all injuries. This cross-sectional study took place in an Iranian petrochemical company in 2010. Vinodkumar and Bhasi's safety climate questionnaire and an ergonomic behavior sampling checklist were the data collection tools. Cronbach’s α for questionnaire reliability was .928. With reference to the results of a pilot study, a sample of 1755 was determined for behavior sampling. We used principal component analysis (PCA) to derive the coefficient of paths in the path model and the Anderson–Rabin method to calculate factor scores. The results showed that safety climate was an effective predictor of ergonomic behavior (p < .01). They also showed the importance of decreasing the number of workers with negative safety climate. Moreover, it is necessary to promote workers’ ergonomic behaviors in the workplace.

9

Developing a Questionnaire for Measuring Safety Climate in the Workplace in Serbia

Milijic N., Mihajlovic I., Strbac N., Zivkovic Z.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2013

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Vol. 19, No. 4

631--645

EN

This study was conducted because a real method for measuring safety climate had never been developed and assessed in Serbian industry. The aim of this paper was to start the process of developing a safety climate questionnaire that could be used in Serbia. As a starting point a 21-item questionnaire was adopted after an extensive literature review. The questionnaire was distributed at several Serbian factories; 1098 workers responded. After a statistical analysis of the data obtained with the questionnaire and a critical comparison with the available reference results, a final questionnaire with 21 questions, divided into 7 groups, was developed. The 7 groups of questions (factors) were safety awareness and competence, safety communication, organizational environment, management support, risk judgment and management reaction, safety precautions and accident prevention, and safety training.

10

Safety Climate in Finnish- and Swedish-Speaking Companies

Salminen S., Seppala A.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2005

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Vol. 11, No. 4

389--397

EN

The aim of this study was to compare assessments made by Finnish- and Swedish-speaking workers in Finland about the safety climate in their companies, because an earlier study showed that the accident frequency of Swedish-speaking workers was one third lower than that of Finnish-speaking workers. 148 Finnish-speaking and 138 Swedish-speaking workers from 14 small and medium-sized companies participated in this study. They filled out a Finnish safety climate questionnaire, the reliability of which was above the acceptable level. There were no differences between the language groups in the total variables of safety climate and safety action. Based on the differences in single items, we interpreted that Swedish-speaking workers stressed collective safety more, whereas Finnish-speaking workers put more emphasis on their personal responsibility for safety.

11

Towards a Model of Safety Climate Measurement

Alhemood A. M., Genaidy A. M., Shell R., Gunn M., Shoaf C.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2004

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Vol. 10, No. 4

303--318

EN

In this study, a survey instrument was developed to measure safety climate. A review of the scientific literature as well as consultation with an expert panel was used to determine the survey’s dimensions. Next, the survey was administered, first as a pilot study (n = 15) and then as a full scale study (n = 229), to employees of the City of Cincinnati Department of Public Works. The psychometric integrity of the survey was assessed according to validity, reliability and utility criteria. Results are presented and discussed.