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Quality of rivers: comparison of hydro-morphological, physical-chemical and biological methods

Gorzel M., Kornijów R., Buczyńska E.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

2018

Vol. 25, nr 1

101--122

The study was performed in five fourth-order tributaries of the Bystrzyca Lubelska River (Eastern Poland, Lublin Upland), differing in the degree of river-bed transformation and level of pollution. Hydro-morphological methods (descriptive method by Ilnicki and Lewandowski - IL, and index method by Oglecki and Pawlat - OP) and biological indices based on the composition of zoobenthos (Diversity - D, and index based on proportions between the density of Oligochaeta and Chironomidae - O/Ch) permitted distinguishing of four classes, from II to V. The distinguishing of only two quality classes (III and IV) was possible by means of physical-chemical methods and by benthic index BMWP_PL. Those two methods seem to show the lowest sensitivity to the spatial variability of the environment quality. The BMWP_PL index was the least sensitive to year-to-year environmental changes, and O/Ch was the most sensitive. Relatively high conformity was obtained between hydro-morphological assessments performed by means of the OP and IL methods. Results obtained by means of these tools weakly corresponded with the physical-chemical assessments. The latter assessments were the most similar to those obtained by means of the BMWP_PL (degree of similarity = 57%) and D (47%) indices, and considerably less in the case of O/Ch (36%). The BMWP_PL and D indices better corresponded with the results of the hydro-morphological assessment performed by means of the IL method than with those performed by means of the OP method while D index showed a reverse pattern. The O/CH index proved useful for the assessment of the degree of organic pollution of the river’s water, but not the sediments.

Układ wielokorytowy Dunaju pomiędzy Ćunovem a Gabćíkovem : analiza przestrzenna na podstawie klasyfikacji rzek według Brice'a

Szmańda J. B., Luc M.

Landform Analysis

2010

Vol. 13

129-133

Klasyfikacja rzek według Brice’a (1975) służy do analizy przestrzennej układu koryt różnych systemów rzecznych (jedno- i wielkorytowych). Analizę wykonuje się na podstawie zdjęć lotniczych lub map topograficznych. W prowadzonych przez nas badaniach klasyfikacja ta posłużyła do charakterystyki morfometrycznej wielokorytowego systemu Dunaju na odcinku pomiędzy Ćunovem a Gabćíkovem na granicy słowacko-węgierskiej. Układ ten jest złożony, a dzielenie się przepływu na koryta różnej rangi i różnego kształtu następuje na całej jego długości. Analiza pozwoliła wysunąć wstępny wniosek, że system rozgałęziony (anabranching) Dunaju na badanym fragmencie dna ewoluował na dwa sposoby: rzeka meandrująca-rzeka rozgałęziona i rzeka roztokowa-rzeka rozgałęziona.

River classification according to Brice (1975) is used for the spatial channel pattern analysis of different fluvial systems (single and multiple channels). The analysis was conducted ona a base of aerial photographs and topographic maps. We used methods of morphometric characteristic of the Danube multiple channel river system between Ćunovo and Gabćíkovo, on the Slovak and Hungary border. Studied channel pattern is rather composite and the river flow anastomosing has progress on the whole of its length in different scale and shape. The analysis presents the evolution of the Danube river system into two directions: from meandering to anabranching system and from braided to anabranching system.