Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

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Metabolomic analysis of biological material using LC-MS in the quest for urinary system cancer biomarkers - review

Szuberla Wiktoria, Wrona Maria

Chemical Technology & Biotechnology

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2024

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Vol. 4

70--75

EN

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and bladder cancer (BC) are among the most frequently diagnosed urinary system cancers worldwide. They are characterized by high mortality and recurrence rates. In response to the rising incidence and mortality rates, scientists are exploring innovative diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Metabolomics, which analyzes metabolite levels, may enable early diagnosis and monitoring of therapy progress. Compared to other omics technologies, it focuses on the outcomes of metabolite activity, providing a unique perspective on processes occurring in cancer cells. Metabolomic analyses utilize techniques such as mass spectrometry. These methods allow the identification of biomarkers and precise determination of the chemical composition of biological samples. However, the most commonly used method is liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), which enables the most comprehensive screening of cancer metabolomes. Recent studies show significant progress in recognizing characteristic metabolites associated with urological cancers, although this area remains partially unexplored. Research on circulating metabolites, especially those present in easily accessible samples like blood or urine, demonstrates promising potential in clinical practice. Study results reveal differences in metabolic profiles between various stages of cancer development, which may have clinical significance. The future of this field involves an increasing number of clinical cohorts, standardization of sample preparation, and further improvements in instrument sensitivity and speed. LC-MS-based metabolomics has the potential to contribute to the improvement of diagnostics, therapy, and the quality of life of patients with some urological cancers. However, challenges, such as the lack of uniform methodologies and understanding of metabolite determinants, require further research and innovation.

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Automatic Extraction of the Pelvicalyceal System for Preoperative Planning of Minimally Invasive Procedures

Heryan K., Skalski A., Jakubowski J., Drewniak T., Gajda J.

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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2017

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Vol. 24, nr 1

3--18

EN

Minimally invasive procedures for the kidney tumour removal require a 3D visualization of topological relations between kidney, cancer, the pelvicalyceal system and the renal vascular tree. In this paper, a novel methodology of the pelvicalyceal system segmentation is presented. It consists of four following steps: ROI designation, automatic threshold calculation for binarization (approximation of the histogram image data with three exponential functions), automatic extraction of the pelvicalyceal system parts and segmentation by the Locally Adaptive Region Growing algorithm. The proposed method was applied successfully on the Computed Tomography database consisting of 48 kidneys both healthy and cancer affected. The quantitative evaluation (comparison to manual segmentation) and visual assessment proved its effectiveness. The Dice Coefficient of Similarity is equal to 0.871 ± 0.060 and the average Hausdorff distance 0.46 ± 0.36 mm. Additionally, to provide a reliable assessment of the proposed method, it was compared with three other methods. The proposed method is robust regardless of the image acquisition mode, spatial resolution and range of image values. The same framework may be applied to further medical applications beyond preoperative planning for partial nephrectomy enabling to visually assess and to measure the pelvicalyceal system by medical doctors.

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Zastosowanie metody zbiorów poziomicowych do wyodrębniania struktur naczyniowych w obrębie nerki w celu minimalizacji inwazyjności zabiegów onkologicznych

Bugajska K., Skalski A., Drewniak T., Gajda J.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2015

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R. 91, nr 5

68-71

PL

W artykule zaproponowano zastosowanie algorytmów przetwarzania obrazów w celu wyodrębnienia struktur naczyniowych zlokalizowanych w obrębie nerki. Możliwość identyfikacji tętnic odżywiających guza nerki pozwala na jego usunięcie bez ryzyka wystąpienia urazu niedokrwiennego i przyczynia się do maksymalnego zabezpieczenia czynności nerki. Minimalizacja inwazyjności zabiegu usunięcia guza jest także korzystna dla pacjenta. Badania rozpoczęto od segmentacji struktur naczyniowych preparatów anatomicznych. Do ich wyodrębnienia zastosowano progowanie z histerezą, co pozwoliło na otrzymanie funkcji inicjalizującej dla metody zbiorów poziomicowych. Otrzymane wyniki potwierdziły skuteczność doboru metody - wizualnie ciągłość tych struktur była lepiej odtworzona względem samej binaryzacji, a granice obiektów były odpowiednio odwzorowane. Dodatkowo, analiza ilościowa polegająca na porównaniu otrzymanych wyników działania algorytmu z ręcznymi obrysami okazała się zadawalająca, co skłania do kontynuacji badań mogących stanowić o renoprotekcji.

EN

In the article we have proposed an application of several image processing algorithms to extract renal vessels. Earlier identification of the tumor feeding arteries facilitates conducting a zero-ischemia partial nephrectomy and preservation of renal function. This minimally invasive procedure is also beneficial for a patient. The study began with vascular structures segmentation of anatomical preparations. To do this hysteresis thresholding was applied to three dimensional computer tomography images. It allowed to obtain an initialization function for subsequently applied segmentation method – i.e. the level set method. The results confirmed the effectiveness of described methods - visually, in comparison to initial binarization, the acquired structures continuity had been found better and the objects boundaries were properly mapped. In addition, quantitative analysis involving the comparison of segmentation results with manual ones had been found satisfactory, that encourages to continue further research.