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Motorbike protective helmets, construction, testing and its influence on the type and severity of injuries of motorbike accident casualties: a literature review

Obst Maciej, Rzepczyk Szymon, Głowiński Sebastian, Żaba Czesław

Vibrations in Physical Systems

2023

Vol. 34, nr 1

art. no. 2023118

A motorcycle or moped helmet is currently mandatory, and provides basic protection to the user of a motor-powered two-wheeler against the possible consequences of a road accident. A wide market offer of various protective helmets allows one to choose from many different design solutions used by the manufacturers. The introduction of a protective motorcycle helmet is associated with the need of meeting the conditions set out in legal regulations. In recent years there have been changes in the legal provisions regarding to protective helmets and the conditions imposed on helmets are becoming more and more restrictive. There have also been changes in the conditions for conducting the helmet approval tests. Regulations valid in Europe include the Economic Commission of Europe (ECE), whereas regulations in the United States are created by the Department of Transportation (DOT). Despite the advanced construction of protective helmets, various test methods, and changes in legal regulations, the problem of the effective protection of the heads of two-wheeler users remains valid. The article presents an actual state of constructions for motorbike helmets, safety level, testing methodology and actually applicable law regulations. This analysis includes a wide medical description of motorcyclist injuries and helmet obstacle impact behaviour. Further studies are required to estimate the head and neck injuries caused by accidents involving motorcycles and other materials. Therefore, construction and testing methods should be developed accordingly. This review presents the current state of knowledge that can be used as the basis for helmet tests and medical assessments of body injuries.

Laboratory measurements of electromagnetic field inside motorcycle helmet with installed Bluetooth communicator

Gombarska Daniela, Psenakova Zuzana, Carnecka Lucia

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

2021

R. 97, nr 6

56--59

The main objective of the paper is to evaluate the electromagnetic field (EMF) within the motorcycle helmet with a Bluetooth communicator. Under laboratory conditions, the measurement was carried out using two helmets with integrated Bluetooth communicator set in intercom mode. The distance of the helmet was set to 500 mm without communication, the same distance with communication and the distance set to 2500 mm with continuous communication and BK PRECISION 2650A spectral analyzer together with Rohde & Schwarz used as a measurement set-up.

Głównym celem pracy jest ocena pola elektromagnetycznego wewnątrz kasku motocyklowego z komunikatorem Bluetooth. W warunkach laboratoryjnych pomiar przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem dwóch kasków z wbudowanym komunikatorem Bluetooth ustawionym w trybie interkomu. Odległość pomiaru ustawiono na 500 mm bez komunikacji z kasku, taką samą odległość z komunikacją z kasku oraz odległość ustawioną na 2500 mm z komunikacją ciągłą. Jako stanowisko pomiarowe wykorzystano analizator widma BK PRECISION 2650A firmy Rohde & Schwarz.