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Density and water absorption coefficient of sandcrete blocks produced with waste paper ash as partial replacement of cement

Ekong Sylvester Andrew, Oyegoke David Adeniran, Edema Abayomi Ayodeji, Robert Ubong Williams

Advances in Materials Science

2022

Vol. 22, nr 4(74)

85--97

The literature is flooded with scientific information on most durability properties except water absorption coefficient of masonry units like sandcrete blocks. Also, while waste papers disposal is a systemic problem due to ineffectiveness of waste management system in developing countries, the price of cement is on the increase. This situation, ultimately, causes a bane in achievement of low-cost housing development considering the fact that sandcrete blocks are predominantly used as walling elements for such undertakings. In this study, solid core sandcrete blocks were produced with waste paper ash (WPA) utilized as partial replacement of cement at 5 % and 10 % volumetric levels. Chemically, the WPA was found to show similarity with cement in terms of SiO2, Al2O3, and CaO contents. Density and water absorption coefficient of the block samples were determined. While density ranged from 1682 to 1872 kg/m3, water absorption coefficient varied from 27.04 to 23.49 kg/m2h0.5. Statistically, no significant difference was revealed at 𝑝<0.05 between experimentally-measured water absorption coefficients and those obtained using the model developed for prediction based on density of the samples. Thus, utilization of WPA as described herein could help to reduce the cost of procuring cement and in turn, enhance low-cost building construction. Also, with the developed model (showing dependence of water absorption coefficient on density), durability of sandcrete blocks exposed to moisture –prone environment could be easily predicted.

Evaluation of Buckwheat Product Properties for Discrete Element Model (DEM) Simulation

Jezerska Lucie, Zidek Martin, Zegzulka Jiri, Palkovska Barbora

Inżynieria Mineralna

2019

R. 21, nr 1/2

155--158

The paper deals with various types of buckwheat products (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench), which have been determined with mechanical and physical properties in order to provide useful data for engineers to design structures of used equipment, harvesting and other processing technologies. Buckwheat is currently a well-sought-after food in the field of healthy nutrition, especially because of its high fiber content, iron and potassium. Among the tested samples were, for example, buckwheat hazelnuts, chips, flakes and others. In the above mentioned, the parameters of the linear dimensions, the Carrs index, the Hausner ratio and the flow rate were measured and compared. The influence of geometric parameters of buckwheat products was determined on mechanical and physical properties. The first results showed that the set parameters were statistically different for each type of buckwheat. On the basis of measured data, a simulation of the flow of a specific buckwheat sample was performed. The discrete element (DEM) method used for this purpose appears to be an appropriate tool for transporting these agricultural products.

Artykuł dotyczy różnych rodzajów produktów z gryki (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench), które zostały określone za pomocą właściwości mechanicznych i fizycznych w celu dostarczenia inżynierom przydatnych danych do projektowania struktur używanych urządzeń, zbiorów i innych technologii przetwarzania. Gryka jest obecnie popularnym pożywieniem w dziedzinie zdrowego żywienia, szczególnie ze względu na wysoką zawartość błonnika, żelaza i potasu. Wśród badanych próbek były orzechy laskowe, gryka, chipsy, płatki i inne. Zmierzono i porównano parametry wymiarów liniowych, wskaźnik Carrsa, współczynnik Hausnera i natężenie przepływu. Określono wpływ parametrów geometrycznych produktów z gryki na właściwości mechaniczne i fizyczne. Wyniki wykazały, że zmierzone i założone parametry były statystycznie różne dla każdego rodzaju gryki. Na podstawie zmierzonych danych przeprowadzono symulację przepływu określonej próbki gryki. Zastosowana w tym celu metoda elementów dyskretnych (DEM) wydaje się odpowiednim narzędziem do opisu transportu tych produktów rolnych.