Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Iron-bearing phases affecting the colour of upper Neogene clayey sediments from Dymaczewo Stare, west-central Poland

Klęsk Jakub, Błachowski Artur, Diduszko Ryszard, Kruszewski Łukasz, Widera Marek

Geologos

|

2022

|

Vol. 28, No. 2

129--139

EN

The present paper investigates the colour dependence of mineral compositions in clay-rich sedimentary strata, mainly clayey silts, the emphasis being on iron-bearing minerals (rather than clay minerals) by using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy (57Fe-MS). The PXRD-based phase analysis has demonstrated the variable compositions of samples, consisting of, inter alia, quartz, calcite or gypsum, and admixtures of potassium feldspars and plagioclase. Hematite + goethite (sample D1, dark red), goethite (sample D2, pinkish brown), poorly crystalline goethite (sample D3, orange) and jarosite (sample D4, yellow) have been distinguished. A very low jarosite content was detected in sample D5 (light grey); this did not affect its colour. The potential yellow/brown shades in sample D6 (dark grey), coming from trace amounts of jarosite, are masked by macroscopically visible organic matter. In the case of the two last-named samples (D5 and D6), with trace amounts of Fe-bearing minerals, it is most likely that the organic matter was effective in influencing the light and dark grey colour of the sediment, respectively.

2

Flotation behavior and separation mechanism of quartz and iron minerals in α-bromolauric acid reverse flotation system

Han Y., Guo W., Zhu Y., Wei Y., Gu X.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

|

2018

|

Vol. 54, iss. 3

992--1003

EN

A new type collector α-Bromolauric acid (α-BLA) had been proved to be an efficient collector for quartz flotation. However, the effects of α-BLA on the flotation behavior of iron minerals and quartz-iron separation had not been investigated. In this study, collector α-BLA was synthesized in the laboratory. The flotation behavior of quartz, hematite and magnetite under α-BLA reverse flotation system were investigated and the separation mechanism of quartz-irons was studied by contact angle, zeta-potential and infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the optimum flotation pH was 11.5 for quartz, 6.45 for hematite and 6.97 for magnetite. The best α-BLA concentrations was 75 mg/dm3 for quartz flotation, 125 mg/dm3 for hematite and magnetite flotation. The activator CaCl2 had little effect on the flotation of hematite and magnetite, but the minimum dosage 50 mg/dm3 of activator CaCl2 was necessary for quartz flotation. On the contrary, starch had no effect on the flotation of quartz, while the recoveries of magnetite and hematite tended to be 0% as starch concentration more than 80 mg/dm3. The separation mechanism of quartz from iron minerals under α-BLA reverse flotation system was that the starch could be selectively adsorbed on the surface of hematite and magnetite in the form of strong hydrogen bond adsorption. However, the same adsorption of starch did not occur on the surface of quartz, so the α-BLA can be successfully adsorbed on the surface of activated quartz to make the quartz strongly hydrophobic, and then to be floated out.

3

The Investigation of Sulphides Composition Created by Bioprecipitation

Jencarova J., Luptakova A., Prascakova M., Matik M.

Inżynieria Mineralna

|

2015

|

R. 16, nr 2

45--50

EN

The objective of this work was to examine the structure and characteristics of biogenic iron sulphides, created by sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) cultivation under various conditions. SRB are anaerobic microorganisms characterized by the ability to perform dissimilatory sulphate reduction with the simultaneous oxidation of the organic substrates. By oxidizing low molecular weight organic compounds (e.g. lactate, acetate) they obtain energy and nutrients. Bacteria reduce sulphate to hydrogen sulphide and this reacts with certain metals dissolved forming insoluble precipitates in process which is called bioprecipitation. The initial sulphide phase is very often amorphous with poor crystallinity. According to the conditions, solution composition and with longer time more stable and crystalline sulphides can be formed. The precipitates studied in this paper were synthesized in reagent bottles with SRB culture and modified growth medium at 30°C, in 2 modes, under anaerobic conditions during 10 months. The modification consisted of iron ions addition in form of sulphates and double organic substrate dose. During batch and semi-continuous modes were created 4 biogenic iron sulphides samples. They were examined by EDX, SEM and XRD. The analyses revealed how variety in bacteria cultivation (nutrient medium compound, cultivation process) reflects in crystallinity, structure, particle size and composition. EDX results confirmed the presence of iron and sulphur as a major part in all samples. XRD showed mainly amorphous or poorly crystalline precipitates (with partial mackinawite and gregite occurrence).

PL

Celem niniejszej pracy było przebadanie struktury i właściwości biogennych siarczków żelaza, pochodzących z hodowli bakterii redukującej siarczany (ang. skrót SRB), w różnych warunkach. SRB to beztlenowe mikroorganizmy charakteryzujące się zdolnością do dysymilacyjnej redukcji siarczanów z jednoczesną oksydacją organicznych substratów. Dzięki utlenianiu organicznych związków o niskiej masie cząsteczkowej (np. mleczany, octany) otrzymują energię i wartości odżywcze. Bakterie redukują siarczan do siarczku wodoru, który reaguje z niektórymi rozpuszczonymi metalami tworząc nierozpuszczalny osad w procesie zwanym biosedymentacją. W początkowej fazie siarczek jest często amorficzny i o niskiej krystaliczności. W zależności od warunków, właściwości roztworu i dłuższego czasu można formować stabilniejsze i bardziej krystaliczne siarczki. Osad badany w niniejszej pracy został syntetyzowany w butlach z odczynnikiem i z kulturą bakterii SRB i zmodyfikowanym środkiem wzrostu w temperaturze 30°C, w dwóch trybach, w warunkach beztlenowych przez okres 10 miesięcy. Modyfikacja polegała na dodaniu jonów żelaza w formie siarczanów oraz podwójnej dawce subtratów organicznych. Podczas trybów półciągłego utworzono 4 biogenne próbki siarczków. Zostały poddane badaniom w EDX, SEM oraz XRD. Analizy wykazały w jaki sposób hodowla bakterii (związek wartości odżywczych, proces hodowli) odzwierciedla się w procesie krystalizacji, strukturze, wielkości cząsteczki i właściwościach. Badanie EDX potwierdziło obecność żelaza i siarki, jako głównych związków we wszystkich próbkach. Wyniki XRD pokazały głownie amorficzne lub nisko skrystalizowane osady (częściowo z makinawitem i greigitem).

4

Colourful speleothems in the Wieliczka Salt Mine

Sawłowicz Z., Przybyło J., Boroń K.

Geological Quarterly

|

2014

|

Vol. 58, No. 3

449--458

EN

Secondary halite deposits in the Wieliczka Salt Mine are represented by various forms of speleothems. Some of them, e.g. stalactites, cauliflowers or crusts, reveal various hues, yellow to red to brown. These hues are related to iron compounds, but the forms, occurrence and composition of these compounds has not previously been studied. To explain the origin of their colours a detailed study of samples collected in the mine, including brines and water soluble extracts and produced experimentally in the laboratory, has been undertaken using SEM, XRD and AAS. The colourful speleothems are compared, using SEM-EDS, with the forms and composition of rusting metal artefacts, where several iron oxide minerals have been identified. We suggest that coloured halite is generally pure halite of which the surface was covered by a ferric minerals suspension in the brine. Colours of the speleothems stem from the various colours of iron minerals whereas their intensity is related probably to the type of fluid that coated the crystals, a continuous film or finely dispersed micron-size mineral aggregates.