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Impact of sintering temperature of hydroxyapatite on biological and physicochemical properties of alginate/HA biomaterials for regenerative medicine applications

Kazimierczak P., Syta E., Sochan J., Ginalska G., Przekora A.

Engineering of Biomaterials

2018

Vol. 21, no. 145

16--19

Synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA) has gained considerable attention in regenerative medicine over recent decades. It is widely used as a bone filler and constituent of various biomaterials. HA possesses high biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, bioactivity, and bioresorbability. There are many different synthesis methods for HA described in the available literature. It is worth noticing that even slight changes in pH, reaction conditions or chemical composition during synthesis, can influence biological, physicochemical, and mechanical properties of resultant HA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of sintering temperature of hydroxyapatite on biological and physicochemical properties of biomaterial made of alginate and hydroxyapatite granules. Alginate/HA material was produced using HA sintered at temperature of 800oC and HA sintered at temperature of 1150oC. Microstructure of the fabricated biomaterials was visualized by SEM. Osteoblast growth on the composites was assessed using human foetal osteoblast cell line. Moreover, ion reactivity, plasma/serum protein adsorption ability as well as water/NaCl uptake capability of the biomaterials were compared. Obtained results demonstrated that although both biomaterials had the same chemical composition, composite comprising hydroxyapatite sintered at temperature of 1150oC had smoother surface, revealed lower ion reactivity, was more favourable to osteoblast growth, and adsorbed lower amount of fibrinogen (which is known to promote biomaterial-induced inflammatory response), compared to the material made of hydroxyapatite sintered at temperature of 800oC. Thus, the type of bioceramics used for the production of biomaterials should be tailored to their specific applications – bone fillers for primarily in vivo implantation or in vitro cell-seeded scaffolds.

Wpływ reaktywności jonowej biomateriałów na żywotność komórek in vitro

Przekora A., Kołodyńska D., Ginalska G., Ślósarczyk A.

Engineering of Biomaterials

2012

Vol. 15, no. 114

59--65

Powszechnie wiadomo, że reaktywne jonowo biomateriały indukują różne interakcje z otaczającym środowiskiem, powodując zmiany stężenia jonów, zwłaszcza kluczowych jonów takich jak wapń, magnez i fosfor, co może wpływać na metabolizm i żywotność komórek. Głównym składnikiem części mineralnej kości i zębów jest hydroksyapatyt (HAp) (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2). W celu polepszenia własności mechanicznych oraz poręczności chirurgicznej hydroksyapatytu można połączyć go z dodatkowym komponentem organicznym np. polisacharydowym. W niniejszej pracy oznaczano reaktywność jonową oraz cytotoksyczność 2 typów kompozytów na bazie glukanu (kompozytu glukan-HAp i kompozytu glukan-C-HAp) oraz poszczególnych ich składników: wysokoporowatych granul hydroksyapatytu (HAp), wysokoporowatych granul HAp węglanowo-magnezowych (C-HAp) oraz glukanu. Reaktywność jonową testowanych materiałów oznaczono za pomocą absorpcyjnej spektrometrii atomowej (ASA). Badania in vitro przeprowadzono z zastosowaniem linii komórkowej hFOB 1.19 (ludzkie płodowe osteoblasty) oraz pierwotnej hodowli fibroblastów skóry (HSF). Cytotoksyczność ekstraktów z biomateriałów określono z użyciem 2 testów - MTT i NRU. Wyniki badań wyraźnie wskazały, że dodatek wysokoporowatych granul HAp i C-HAp do glukanu powoduje, że kompozyt jest reaktywny jonowo, co wpływa na metabolizm i żywotność hodowanych komórek.

It is widely known that surface-reactive biomaterials induce various interaction with surrounded environment, causing changes in the ion concentration, especially with respect to the crucial ions such as calcium, magnesium and phosphorous, what may significantly affect the cell metabolism and viability. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) is the main inorganic component of bones and teeth. In order to improve mechanical properties and surgical handiness of hydroxyapatite, an organic component e.g. polysaccharide can be added. In this work, the ion reactivity and cytotoxicity of 2 types of glucan-based composites (composite glucan-HAp and composite glucan-C-HAp) were evaluated. Additionally, the ion reactivity and cytotoxicity of each component of the composites: highly porous hydro- xyapatite (HAp), highly porous carbonated-Mg-HAp (C-HAp) and glucan were evaluated. The ion reactivity of tested materials was assessed by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). In vitro tests were carried out using hFOB 1.19 cell line (human fetal osteoblast cells) and human skin fibroblast primary cell culture (HSF). The cytotoxicity of biomaterials extracts was estimated by 2 methods - MTT and NRU. Our studies clearly indicated that addition of highly porous HAp and C-HAp granules to the glucan, make the composite ion reactive, what affects the metabolism and viability of cultured cells.