The paper is to present the developed thermodynamic characteristics of a solid. The existent description of dependence of temperature on the proper entropy (thermal capacitance) was used as the beginning point of the considerations. A critical evaluation of the picture of that dependence was a consecutive link of the considerations. Furthermore, an adequate description of the discussed heat phenomenon, taking into account the detailed characteristics of the entropy growth characteristics, has been presented. This characteristics indicates a clear quantum character of the studied reality, reflected by the potentials, proper and gained, respectively. These magnitudes are the measures of the proper and gained specific energies of this thermodynamic factor. The dependence of temperature on the specific energy has been described to formulate a formula on the heat work. At the end the dependence between the specific heat and the entropy constant is derived. In conclusion, a quantum nature of macroscopic reality has been noticed together with the definition of the heat energy notion. The necessity of noticing the description of any other reality in this scale has been indicated.
The paper covers a critical approach to the natural reality study which is the method of scientific cognition. The existent so called d`Alembert's rule is the link of reality on which the specific attention is focused. The critics is directed to the fictional inertia force covered in the mentioned rule. The necessity for its elimination from the reality description has been presented. Instead, it is proved that a real inertia force occurs. A proper exemplification material has been delivered with two examples of force equilibrium of the system. One of them refers to a rigid system being both under stable and unstable states. The second one covers also these two states but it is referred to a mass-flexible system. Finally, the discussed solution of the problem has been explained on the example of mathematic pendulum and a mass-string system.
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