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1
Content available Tribological wear of Fe-Al coatings applied by gas detonation spraying
Chrostek Tomasz
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
|
2021
|
nr 24(1)
245--256
EN
Comparative tests of gas detonation (GDS) coatings were carried out in order to investigate the influence of spraying parameters on abrasive wear under dry friction conditions. The tests were carried out using the pin-on-disc (PoD) method at room temperature. The microstructure of the coatings was analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDS) methods. The results showed that with certain parameters of the GDS process, the main phase of the produced coatings is the FeAl phase with the participation of thin oxide layers, mainly Al2O3. The tribological tests proved that the coatings sprayed with the shorter barrel of the GDS gun showed higher wear resistance. The coefficient of friction was slightly lower in the case of coatings sprayed with the longer barrel of the GDS gun. During dry friction, oxide layers form on the surface, which act as a solid lubricant. The load applied to the samples during the tests causes shear stresses, thus increasing the wear of the coatings. During friction, the surface of the coatings is subjected to alternating tensile and compressive stresses, which lead to delamination and is the main wear mechanism of the coatings.
2
Content available Influence of gas detonation spraying parameters on the geometrical structure of Fe-Al intermetallic protective coatings
Chrostek Tomasz, Bramowicz Mirosław, Rychlik Kazimierz, Wojtkowiak Adam, Senderowski Cezary
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
|
2019
|
nr 22(3)
249--262
EN
The paper presents the results of an analysis of the geometrical structure of Fe-Al intermetallic protective coatings sprayed under specified gun detonation spraying (GDS) conditions. Two barrel lengths, two powder injection positions (PIP) at the moment of spark detonation, and two numbers of GDS shots with 6.66 Hz frequency were applied as variable parameters in the GDS process. Surface profile measurements were conducted by contact profilometry with the use of the TOPO-01 system and the Mitutoyo SJ 210 profilometer. The measured parameters were used to analyze surface topography in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) systems. It was assumed that roughness can be regarded as a non-stationary parameter of variance in surface amplitude which is highly dependent on the sampling rate and spraying distance. Therefore, changes in surface amplitude parameters and functional properties were analyzed across segments with a length (ln) of 1.25, 4 and 12.5 mm. The development of the geometric structure of the surface was analyzed with the RMS (Root Mean Square) fractal method, and the geometric structure of the surface stretched by several orders of magnitude was evaluated based on the correlation between roughness (Rq), segment length (ln) and fractal dimension (D). The RMS method and the calculated fractal dimension (D) supported the characterization of the geometric structure of intermetallic Fe-Al protective coatings subjected to GDS under the specified process conditions based on the roughness profiles of surface segments with a different length (ln).
3
Content available The Use of Plastic Working Alloys Feal to Perform Controls Elements of Turbocharger in Diesel Engine
Cebulski J., Pasek D.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2018
|
Vol. 63, iss. 3
1423--1427
EN
Operating conditions turbocharger (high temperature and corrosive environment) mean that the device is classified into one of the most elements of the emergency drive unit of the car. The failure rate can be reduced through the use of modern heat-resistant materials, which include based alloys FeAl intermetallic phase. Intermetallic alloys belong to the group of materials known as prospective due to their advantageous properties, in particular their high specific strength, high melting point and good resistance to corrosion and oxidation at high temperatures. In the article presented results of the research axis roll control system variable geometry blades made of intermetallic alloy Fe40Al5Cr0,2TiB as a substitute so far made of austenitic steel. A verification service conditions, comparing the degradation of the material previously used by manufacturers of turbochargers for elements of the control system degradation axes made of intermetallic alloy Fe40Al5Cr0,2TiB. The study consisted of determining microstructure and corrosion products after use. Observations of the structure and the surface of the corrosion tests were performed using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis EDS chemical composition.
4
Content available Functional and Fractal Properties of Fe-Al Coatings After Gas Detonation Spraying (GDS)
Chrostek T., Rychlik K., Bramowicz M., Senderowski C.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2018
|
Vol. 63, iss. 4
1993--1999
EN
The paper presents the results and provides an analyse of the geometric structure of Fe-Al protective coatings, gas-treated under specified GDS conditions. The analysis of the surface topography was conducted on the basis of the results obtained from the SEM data. Topographic images were converted to three-dimensional maps, scaling the registered amplitude coordinates of specific gray levels to the relative range of 0÷1. This allowed us to assess the degree of surface development by determining the fractal dimension. At the same time, the generated three-dimensional spectra of the autocorrelation function enabled the researchers to determine the autocorrelation length (Sal) and the degree of anisotropy (Str) of the surfaces, in accordance with ISO 25178. Furthermore, the reconstructed three-dimensional images of the topography allowed us to evaluate the functional properties of the studied surfaces based on the Abbott-Firestone curve (A-F), also known as the bearing area curve. The ordinate describing the height of the profile was replaced by the percentage of surface amplitude in this method, so in effect the shares of the height of the three-dimensional topographic map profiles of various load-bearing properties were determined. In this way, both the relative height of peaks, core and recesses as well as their percentages were subsequently established.
5
The influence of heating rate during sintering on mechanical properties of Fe40Al sinters at room temperature
Siemiaszko D., Nowakowska I., Komorek Z.
Inżynieria Materiałowa
|
2016
|
Vol. 37, nr 5
267--271
EN
The results of a uniaxial compression test of Fe40Al (at. %) sintered powders are presented. Compression yield stress Rc0.2, ultimate strength Rcm, permanent deformation, and true compression strength at the maximum force point were determined. All Fe40Al sinters behaved like a plastic material; they were not brittle, and the sample after the compression test did not fall apart and was barrel-shaped. Observations of the microstructure revealed plastically-deformed grains. The obtained sinters were characterized by very high ultimate compressive strength (ok. 2700÷2800 MPa) and low yield stress (Rc0.2 approx. 280 MPa). This paper presents also XRD analyses, microstructure, and density of Fe40Al sinters.
PL
Podstawowym celem pracy było zbadanie wpływu szybkości nagrzewania podczas spiekania na właściwości mechaniczne spieków Fe40Al. W pracy zaprezentowano wyniki analizy dyfrakcji rentgenowskiej, pomiary gęstości, twardości sposobem Vickersa (HV0,5), a także właściwości wytrzymałościowe uzyskane w próbie ściskania.
6
Content available remote Solvothermal synthesis and magnetic properties of beta-Co2P nanorods
Li T., Liao J. P., Wang Y. F.
Materials Science Poland
|
2015
|
Vol. 33, No. 2
312--316
EN
Hexagonal high temperature phase beta-Co2P nanorods with a diameter of around 50 nm were synthesized via a mild solvothermal route. The reaction was carried out at 180 degrees C using cobalt chloride hexahydrate (CoCl2 center dot 6H(2)O) as Co source and yellow phosphorous as P source. The composition, structure as well as morphology were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The magnetic susceptibility curve indicates that the beta-Co2P nanorods show canted antiferromagnetic state, different from the paramagnetic state of orthorhombic low temperature phase beta-Co2P.
7
Content available Cavitation Erosion Resistance Of FeAl Intermetallic Alloys And Al2O3 – Based Ceramics
Jasionowski R., Pędzich Z., Zasada D., Przetakiewicz W.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2015
|
Vol. 60, iss. 2A
671--675
EN
The problem of the devastation of fluid-flow machinery components is very complex, because it consists of processes of erosion and corrosion. The most dangerous factor is the cavitation phenomenon, which is very difficult to eliminate through the use of design solutions. Usage of materials with greater resistance to cavitation erosion seems to be an obvious effective method of prevention. Such materials as FeAl intermetallic alloys and ceramic materials may be considered as reasonable candidates for this purpose. In the presented work, cavitation erosion resistance of FeAl intermetallic alloys and Al2O3 – based ceramic materials, was investigated and compared.
PL
Problem niszczenia elementów maszyn przepływowych jest bardzo złożony, ponieważ składa się z procesów erozyjnych i korozyjnych. Najbardziej niebezpiecznym czynnkiem jest zjawisko kawitacji, które bardzo trudno jest wyeliminować poprzez stosowanie rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych. Skutecznym rozwiązaniem jest stosowanie materiału o większej odporności na erozję kawitacyjną. Takimi materiałami mogą być stopy intermetaliczne FeAl lub materiały ceramiczne. W pracy przedstawiono porównanie odporności na erozję kawitacyjną stopów intermetalicznych FeAl i materiałów ceramicznych na bazie Al2O3.
8
Content available The effect of aluminum content on the microstructure and cavitation wear of feal intermetallic alloys
Jasionowski R., Zasada D., Polkowski W.
Acta Mechanica et Automatica
|
2014
|
Vol. 8, no. 1
49--52
EN
Intermetallic-based alloys (so called intermetallics) of the Fe-Al binary system are modern construction materials, which in re- cent decades have found application in many branches of the power, chemical and automotive industries. High resistance of FeAl based alloys to cavitational erosion results first of all from their high hardness in the as-cast state, large compressive stresses in the material, as well as homogeneous structure. In the present paper, the effect of aluminum content on the microstructure, texture and strain imple- mented upon cavitation wear of FeAl intermetallic alloys, have been analyzed by field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEG SEM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis. Obtained results of structural characterization indicates that with increasing aluminium content effects of orientation randomization (weakening of <100>//ND casting texture), grain refinement and rising of mechani- cal strenght (and so cavitational resistance) take place.
9
Content available Wpływ obróbki cieplnej na zużycie tribologiczne stopu na osnowie fazy międzymetalicznej Ni₃Al (Cr, Zr, B)
Jóźwik P., Bojar Z.
Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej
|
2011
|
Vol. 60, nr 2
321-330
PL
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu obróbki cieplnej na zużycie tribologiczne stopu na osnowie fazy międzymetalicznej Ni₃Al z dodatkami stopowymi chromu cyrkonu i boru w stanie po odlewaniu i po 100-godzinnym wygrzewaniu w temperaturze 1200°C w atmosferze argonu lub powietrza. Wykorzystując metodę "pin-on-disc", w warunkach tarcia suchego, w atmosferze powietrza stwierdzono istotny wpływ środowiska i temperatury wygrzewania na zużycie tribologiczne badanego materiału. W granicznym przypadku - dla materiału po homogenizacji 1200°C/100 h/argon uzyskano bardzo istotne zmniejszenie zużycia wagowego w odniesieniu do stopu Ni₃Al (Cr, Zr, B ) w stanie po odlewaniu, a nawet wynik lepszy od austenitycznej stali zaworowej 50H21G9N4 badanej w analogicznych warunkach eksperymentu. Przeprowadzone badania wykazały istotny wpływ jednorodności umocnienia poszczególnych faz strukturalnych i stabilność składu fazowego, a także prawdopodobnego wzrostu stopnia uporządkowania struktury badanego stopu (w trakcie próby zużywania) na jego odporność na zużycie tribologiczne.
EN
The experimental results of heat treatment influence of alloys with Ni₃Al matrix with additions chromium, zirconium and boron on tribological wear are presented in this paper. Investigated materials were the samples in as cast conditions and 100-hours heat treatment at 1200°C temperature in the argon or in air atmosphere. By using "pin-on-disc" method in dry friction conditions in air atmosphere, the influence of environment and temperature of the homogenisation is significant for tribological wear of the investigated material. In the terminal case, for material after 1200°C/100 h/argon homogenization, significant decrease in the mass wear was observed for cast Ni₃Al (Cr, Zr, B ) alloy. The results were better than the ones observed even for austenitic valve steel 50H21G9N4 investigated in the same experimental conditions. Carried out research has shown that homogeneity of the strengthening of particular structural phases and stability of the phase composition and probable ordering increase in the investigated alloy influence on the materials resistance to tribological wear.
10
Wpływ parametrów wyżarzania ujednorodniającego i składu chemicznego na plastyczność stopów z układu Fe-Al z fazami międzymetalicznymi
Jabłońska M., Bernstock-Kopaczyńska E.
Hutnik, Wiadomości Hutnicze
|
2010
|
Vol. 77, nr 8
397-400
PL
W artykule przedstawiono badania prowadzone pod kątem zdolności kształtowania stopów z układu Fe-Al na drodze obróbki cieplno-plastycznej. Analizowano wpływ wyżarzania ujednorodniającego i składu chemicznego na plastyczność. Po odlaniu i wyżarzaniu stopy poddano próbie osiowosymetrycznego ściskania na symulatorze Gleeble w temperaturze 900 i 1000 °C z prędkością odkształcenia 0,1 s-1 do wartości odkształcenia 1,0. Analizowano procesy zachodzące podczas odkształcenia.
EN
The alloys based from the Fe-Al system with intermetallic phases belong to materials for high-temperature applications with good creep resisting and mechanical properties. Limitation on the capacity for a broad their application as an alternative to expensive alloy steels of specific properties, is their insufficient plasticity, which is a factor inhibiting further their development as constructional materials. In this paper research has been conducted on the capacity for forming alloys from the Fe-Al system, via thermomechanical processing. The influence of homogenizing parameters and chemical composition on the plasticity of this materials was analyzed. After casting and annealing, alloys were subjected to axial-symmetric compression in the Gleeble simulator in the 900 °C and 1000 °C at 0.1 s-1 strain rates. The processes which take place during deformation have been analyzed.
11
Content available remote Influence of Heat Treatment on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Ni3Al - Based Alloys
Jóźwik P., Bojar Z.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2010
|
Vol. 55, iss. 1
271-279
EN
This study iiwestigates two Ni3Al - based intermetallic alloys containing differing amounts of zirconium, boron and chromium. Gradual homogenisation was accomplished through long-lasting annealing, up to 100 hours, at 1000°C or 1200°C in air or argon atmospheres. A higher level of homogeneity of the cast without chromium alloy was obtained in comparable heat treatment conditions. Annealing temperaturę has an essential influence on the homogenisation process of the investigated alloys. This influence is much morę essential than annealing time and environmental conditions. These treatment conditions are critical for microstructure, as well as the properties of the investigated alloys. For matched conditions of plastic working an optimum level of strain hardening was obtained . This did not cause a loss of cohesion in the investigated alloys, but it was sufficient to start a recrystallisation process. The fine-grained structure of the investigated alloys is responsible for the improvement in their mechanical properties.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono badania dwóch stopów na osnowie fazy międzymetalicznej Ni3Al o różnej zawartości cyrkonu, boru i chromu. Długotrwałe wygrzewanie w czasie do 100 godzin w temperaturze 1000°C i 1200°C w atmosferze powietrza lub argonu prowadzi do stopniowego ujednorodnienia składu fazowego badanych materiałów. W porównywalnych warunkach obróbki cieplnej uzyskano, dla materiału bez zawartości chromu zdecydowanie większy poziom jednorodności. Stwierdzono, że temperatura wygrzewania ma istotnie większy wpływ niż czas procesu na strukturę i właściwości badanych stopów. Ściśle określone parametry obróbki plastycznej pozwoliły na uzyskanie, bez utraty spójności, poziomu umocnienia wystarczającego do zajścia procesu rekrystalizacji w całej objętości badanych materiałów. Tak uzyskana, drobnoziarnista struktura osnowy badanych stopów istotnie polepsza ich własności wytrzymałościowe.
12
Content available remote The effect of casting porosities on cavitational erosion of intermetallic alloy FeAl36
Jasionowski R., Przetakiewicz W., Zasada D.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2010
|
Vol. 10, iss. 3
175--178
EN
The machinery and equipment elements operating in a turbulent fluid flow, are exposed to destruction as a result of the impact of the cavitation, corrosion and abrasion processes, among which are hardest to minimize the imploding cavitation bubbles. Repeated cavitation implosions of bubbles give rise to cracks, material loss, resulting in increased flow resistance and reduction of the efficiency of the device, or even its destruction. In order to prevent or mitigate the cavitation phenomenon and its harmful effects, two basic methods are applied. The first of these is the selection of geometrical parameters and hydraulic machinery and the relevant elements of the streamlined shape and flow channels. The second solution is the selection of engineering plastics with greater resistance to cavitation. In case of materials manufactured with the casting method, a very important role is being played by the quality of manufactured casting having the smallest number of casting defects. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of casting porosities of an intermetallic alloy FeAl36 on cavitational erosion.
13
Content available remote Crystallographic conditions for the initiation of cavitation erosion in CuMn11Al11 bronze
Chmiel J., Zasada D.
Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
|
2008
|
Vol. 33, nr 1
21-28
EN
Purpose: The basic aim of this paper is to examine and present specific destruction processes connected with cavitation erosion of multi-component Cu-Mn-Al bronzes. In technical operational conditions these processes are 'masked' by the effects of electrochemical corrosion phenomena. However, these destructive processes may significantly accelerate the destruction of flow devices and marine propulsion systems. The essential phenomena occurring during these processes are incubation and propagation of brittle cracks in the planes of cleavage planes of the ordered phase β (Cu3Mn2Al) that occurs in the examined group of alloys. Additional purpose is the assessment of possible applications of alloys with single-phase structure of intermetallic phases as model materials for research into erosion-cavitation resistance. Design/methodology/approach: This work presents research results concerning erosion cavitation resistance of a model alloy examined at a cavitation jet stand. The destructed areas were examined by gravimetric methods and those using scanning microscopy combined with computer image analysis. As the test materials used were single phase model alloys with the composition simulating selected phase components of Cu-Mn-Al bronzes, it was possible to examine erosion cavitation phenomena in the conditions of minimized effect of electrochemical phenomena. Findings: It has been found that at the initial period of destruction of the phase β in multi-component Mn-Al bronzes the prevailing form of destruction was a classical attack along grain boundaries, starting from the grain boundary junctions while in cases where the Cu3Mn2Al superstructure was present, the major mechanism of the incubation of erosion cavitation damage in the phase β is brittle cracking along cleavage planes {001} oriented at 45° angle to the exposed surface. Research limitations/implications: An essential problem is the verification of the results obtained using the computer-based image analysis by other methods. It seems purposeful to carry out micro-diffraction examination by the EBSP method and making a 'map' of lattice orientation of particular grains on the surface of a specimen, followed by a series of cavitation tests. Practical implications: The observed phenomena can be regarded as the basic explanation of observed accelerated wear of marine propellers that had been repaired by casting and welding methods. Originality/value: The value of this work is that cavitation erosion was examined in the conditions of minimized influence of electrochemical factors.
14
Content available Mechanizm niszczenia stopów intermetalicznych poddanych erozji kawitacyjnej
Jasionowski R., Zasada D., Grabian J.
Zeszyty Naukowe / Akademia Morska w Szczecinie
|
2005
|
nr 5 (77)
257-266
PL
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań odporności na zużycie kawitacyjne stopów intermetalicznych z układu Fe-Al przeprowadzonych przy użyciu stanowiska pomiarowego typu strumieniowo-uderzeniowego. Stopy te wykazały dobrą odporność na ten typ erozji w porównaniu z innymi materiałami konstrukcyjnymi. Stwierdzono również korzystny wpływ procesu laserowego przetopu warstwy wierzchniej na zużycie kawitacyjne stopu intermetalicznego FeAl23.
EN
This paper presents results of research on inter-metallic Fe-Al alloys cavitational erosion resistance, using the flux-impact measuring device. These inter-metallic alloys are proved to have good resistance from this type of erosion in comparison with other construction materials. It was found that this is an advantageous influence of the laser-melted zone of cavitational erosion resistance of inter-metallic FeAl23 alloys.
15
Content available remote Structure of Titanium Alloys from System Ti-Al Prepared in Plasma Furnace and Vacuum Furnace
Smíšek V., Kursa M.
Machine Dynamics Problems
|
2004
|
Vol. 28, No. 4
115-120
EN
The article deals with possibilities of preparation of titanium alloys based on intermetallic phases from the system Ti-Al. Production of the TiAl alloys is difficult because of the reactivity of titanium. Therefore the alloys were prepared in plasma furnace and vacuum furnace. The preparation by these two various furnaces resulted in two different types of microstructures. The differences in microstructures of alloys were observed. Obtained microstructures were described and analysed. Measurement of hardnesses alloys and particular phases were performed.
16
Content available remote Badanie odporności na zużycie kawitacyjne stopów intermetalicznych z układu Fe-Al
Jasionowski R., Przetakiewicz W.
Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Morska w Szczecinie
|
2003
|
nr 68
211-218
PL
Przedstawiono wyniki badań odporności na zużycie kawitacyjne stopów FeAl36 i Feal45, które wykonano na stanowisku pomiarowym typu strumieniowo-uderzeniowego. Stopy te wykazały dobrą odporność na ten typ erozji w porównaniu z innymi materiałami konstrukcyjnymi.
EN
The paper presents results of investigation into cavitational erosion resistance of FeAl36 and FeAl45 intermetallic alloys, using the flux-impact measuring device. This intermetallic alloys proved to have good resistance to this type of erosion in comparison with other construction materials.
17
Diffusion processes in the dislocation cores during the high-temperature deformation of intermetallic alloys.
Messerschmidt U., Guder S., Häussler D., Bartsch M.
Inżynieria Materiałowa
|
2001
|
R. XXII, nr 5
627-632
EN
In situ straining experiments in a high-voltage electron microscope to study dislocation dynamics and macroscopic deformation experiments including stress relaxation tests have been performed on a number of intermetallic alloys. There are many similarities in the dynamic behaviour of dislocations in the studied materials. In the low-temperature range, different mechanisms lead to a normal decrease of the flow stress with increasing temperature. At high temperatures, in several materials the dislocations move either in an unstable or a viscous way. They are then smoothly curved, or they are straight and oriented along crystallographic directions. As the low-temperature mechanisms cease at high temperatures, the viscous motion should be due to an additional friction mechanism which also causes the flow stress anomaly in the respective materials. It is suggested here that this mechanism involves diffusion processes in the dislocation cores, which can be described by the theory of the Cottrell effect. The diffusing species can be quite different, alloying components or intrinsic point defects like vacancies and antisite defects existing in the lattice or only in the dislocation cores. If the dislocations are straight and crystallographically oriented during their motion, they may be dissociated and move by a succession of glide and conservative climb between the partial dislocations. All these processes lead to an inverse dependence of the strain rate sensivity on the stress.
18
Stopy na osnowie faz międzymetalicznych TiAl
Garbacz H.
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Świętokrzyskiej. Mechanika
|
2000
|
Z. 72
235-240
PL
W pracy badano właściwości mechaniczne i trybologiczne oraz odporność na wysokotemperaturowe utlenianie stopu Ti3AlNb. Stwierdzono, że dodatek niobu do międzymetalicznego stopu Ti3Al poprawia jego odporność na utlenianie. Pozwala również na otrzymanie struktur różniących się składem fazowym i właściwościami. Badany materiał wykazywał większą odporność na zużycie ścierne od międzymetalicznych stopów na bazie Ni3Al.
EN
Modification of the chemical compsition of the Ti3Al alloy by niobium give increase of the resistance to oxidation. Moreover, the trybological properties of the intermetallic alloy Ti3AlNb are better to Ni3Al alloys.
19
Stopy intermetaliczne i spieki ciężkie jako nowe materiały
Bojar Z., Jackowski A., Michałowski J., Piętaszewski J., Przetakiewicz W., Włodarczyk E.
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Świętokrzyskiej. Mechanika
|
2000
|
Z. 72
83-96
PL
W referacie posumowano wyniki prac w zakresie technologii wytwarzania i przetwarzania stopów na osnowie faz międzymetalicznych, w szczególności z układów Ni-Al i Fe-Al oraz omówiono efekty związane z uplastycznieniem wybranych stopów. Zbadano wpływ rodzaju proszku żelaza, stopnia utlenienia proszku wolframu oraz rodzaju atmosfery spiekania na jakość spieków W-7%Ni-3%Fe. Oceniono wpływ obciążenia wybuchowego spieku na jego właściwości.
EN
The results of investigations of Ni-Al and Fe-Al intermetallic alloys were summarised in this paper. Many different methods utilising plastic forming, heat treatment and thermomechanical tretment of castings as well hot pressing and sintering of powder materials and consolidation of layered structures or protective coatings were used to obtain new alloys on a base or with significant contents of intermetallic phases in the structure. The influence of sintering atmosphere, sort of iron powder and level of tungsten powder oxidation on selected properties of W-Ni-Fe sinters was investigated. The effect of explosive loading of sinters on their properties was described too.
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