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Effects of alkali solution concentration and soaking time on mechanical properties of coconut fibre

Kondo Y., Arsyad M., Ahmad A., Soenoko R., Arman A.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

2023

Vol. 124, nr 2

62--70

Purpose: The study aims to determine the effect of the treatment of alkali solution concentration and soaking time on the mechanical properties of coconut fibre. Design/methodology/approach: The study consists of preparing materials and equipment, immersion of coconut fibre in an alkali solution, drying in a furnace, testing, analysis of test results, and conclusions. Materials and equipment used are coconut fibre, alkali solution, polyester matrix, distilled water, furnace, hydrolysis test, tensile test, and SEM analysis. The sample had two treatments; the first was coconut fibre, which was soaked in the sodium hydroxide solution with 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% concentrations for 3 hours. The second treatment was coconut fibre soaked in the sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 20% for 1, 5, 7, 9, and 11 hours. The samples were then dried in a furnace at 90ºC for 5 hours, and then a hydrolysis test, tensile test, pull-out test, and SEM analysis were carried out. Findings: The results suggest that for immersion in an alkali solution of 20%, the highest tensile strength of coconut coir fibre was obtained in soaking for 3 hours at 280.94 N/mm2, and the highest bonding strength between coconut coir fibres with a matrix polyester was obtained at 5 hours immersion at 7.86 N/mm2. Research limitations/implications: In the given study, coconut fibre was treated by soaking it in 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% sodium hydroxide solution. Then, a single fibre tensile test was carried out, and a pull-out test was carried out to determine the mechanical properties of coconut fibre as a required effect that had been given. Subsequent studies can be carried out with other treatments using other chemical solutions, such as hydrogen peroxide or potassium permanganate. Originality/value: The tensile strength of coconut fibre without treatment was 186.42 N/mm2, whereas after being immersed in 20% sodium hydroxide solution, the tensile strength became 280.94 N/mm2. Likewise, the shear strength of the interface between the fibre and the polyester matrix was 1.85 N/mm2 for untreated coconut fibre to 3.09 N/mm2 for coconut fibre soaked in a 20% sodium hydroxide solution. The results of the study are intended as data for the use of coconut fibre as a natural fibre-reinforced composite material, for example, as a raw material for fishing boat walls.