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2 2017

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The role of landscape heritage in integrated development of rural areas in the context of “Landscape legal regulation”

Kupidura A.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

2017

nr III/1

869--878

In this paper we propose to look at rural landscape from the perspective of heritage. The issue of landscape is presented in the context of contemporary factors which result from the evolving approach both to the notion of heritage itself and to the rules of its conservation. It was noted that activities which identify not only the natural value of landscape but also its historic, cultural, visual, aesthetic and symbolic values, as well as activities which define a heritage community should become a permanent component of current works on integrated rural development. Rural landscapes are cultural landscapes emerged as a result of a long interaction of environmental factors with the activities of a community living in a given area. In these landscapes traces of the past can be seen in a form of landscape patterns. Identifying and defining landscape heritage should be an important component of spatial planning processes. Landscape is shaped on a local scale. In the spatial planning system existing in Poland it is local governments which are the authorities with the largest responsibility over spatial planning. The mere conservation of landscape resources without any measures which aim at planning and managing these resources is not sufficient as an effective management tool. In this paper we propose activities which serve to identify and assess the elements of landscape heritage of a given locality and which may be taken up by a local government interested in building a sense of local identity and creating a bond with the local area. The observations we present are set against legal solutions introduced with the Law of 24 April 2015 on amending certain laws in connection with strengthening the landscape conservation instruments (Ustawa 2015).

Territorial justice for urban and rural regions? about the responsibility and role of the Bavarian academy of rural areas

Magel H.

Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape

2017

no. 1

65--79

The article describes the one sided global discussion on urbanization without developing sufficient future oriented comprehensive visions and strategies for rural areas. Mostly the concepts are about agriculture, nearly nothing about establishing central places and small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) in rural areas. Europe and Germany still believe in the principle of cohesion and the goals of Territorial Agenda 2020 in indigenously developed rural areas despite some controversial discussions about the need and outcome of specific and even enhanced strategies and measures in shrinking periphery regions. It is not primarily a question of economy to support rural areas but it is first a question of human rights, dignity and territorial justice. The constitutional demand of equivalent living conditions in Germany is a visible expression and result of territorial justice. Fortunately, this issue of justice is now a hot matter of political discussion in Bavarian Parliament. In the second part of the article the indispensable roles and contributions of civil society and NGOs as independent partner and coproducer of the state like the Bavarian Academy are described.