Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Energy performance assessment of envelopes from organic materials

Biks Yuriy, Ratushnyak Georgiy, Ratushnyak Olga

Architecture Civil Engineering Environment

|

2019

|

Vol. 12, no. 3

55--67

EN

The paper estimates the thermal perfomance of effective building envelopes from organic materials for the construction of low-rise buildings. The popular types of walls made of natural energy-efficient materials with low carbon footprint are considered in numerical assessment: hempcrete, adobe, strawbale panel, earthbag and cordwood. The influence of the constructive layer type of the envelope on the amount of thermal inertia time is analyzed. It is revealed that the hempcrete wall has the biggest thermal inertia time, the wall of the earthbags has almost ten times smaller. The walls made of adobe and strawbale panels have practically equal time of thermal inertia. For more objective analysis, by taking into account the variety of physical and physical-mechanical parameters of the envelopes’ material, the concept of integral criterion of the envelope energy efficiency potential is proposed. The estimation of the integral criterion of energy efficiency potential is calculated by the Analytic Hierarchy Process and the proposed method is fulfilled. Comparison of the integral criterion of energy efficiency potential for different wall types which was made by menas of two abovementioned methods has shown the same order of magnitude.

2

New approach to trophic state assessment of running waters in Poland

Neverova-Dziopak E., Kowalewski Z.

Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications

|

2013

|

Vol. 1, Iss. 1

15--21

EN

The problem of eutrophication has, since the 1970s, reached a global scale and become a problem of principal importance due to its negative consequences, which could result in the total loss of biospheric functions of aquatic ecosystems, and also their economic role. The increasing intensity of eutrophication processes and their specificity in various types of waters requires the development of special methods of control and protection of aquatic ecosystems. As a result of the high dynamism of eutrophication and its dependence on different factors (hydrological, hydrodynamic, hydrobiological, morphological, edaphic and climatic conditions), the assessment of trophic status in order to control and manage this process is very complicated. The evaluation of the consequences of anthropogenic eutrophication and the scale of its development can be provided only on the basis of systematic observation during a multi-annual period. Careful analysis of the state of knowledge on the issues related to eutrophication, especially the methods of trophic status assessment, have allowed us to conclude that at present there is no universal methodology for the assessment of the surface water trophic level, while the existing methods have various shortcomings, which reduce the reliability of the results and complicate the development of appropriate technical, organizational and legal protection measures. A critical analysis of trophic status assessment approaches for different categories of waters has also allowed us to state that there is no an appropriate method for the assessment of the trophic status of running waters, since almost all existing assessment methods are developed for lakes and coastal areas. This paper presents an original approach elaborated for the assessment of the trophic state of running waters based on the statistical analysis of long-term monitoring data and numerical criterion ITS, which allows for a simple and low-cost monitoring of eutrophication suitable for the solving of different application tasks in the field of surface water protection.

3

Wybrane wskaźniki jakości sterowania i ich wpływ na średnie podciśnienie w rurociągu mlecznym i jego amplitudę wahań w dojarce rurociągowej

Skalska D.

Inżynieria Rolnicza

|

2011

|

R. 15, nr 8

245-252

PL

Analizowano wpływ sygnałów testowych opisanych wskaźnikami jakości sterowania; maksymalnym spadkiem podciśnienia Pmax, polem powierzchni S1 (Sc) pod krzywą zmian podciśnienia w czasie trwania zakłócenia na zmiany wahań podciśnienia w rurociągu mlecznym aP14 i na zmiany średniego podciśnienia P14 w rurociągu mlecznym w pierwszym cyklu pulsacji, w trzech następnych cyklach pulsacji po wprowadzeniu zakłócenia. Pomiary wykonano dla określonej liczby równocześnie pracujących aparatów udojowych (od 1 do 6). Wykazano, że P14 w rurociągu mlecznym oraz aP14 istotnie zależą (liniowo) od zmian pola powierzchni S1 (Sc) pod krzywą opisującą ww. zakłócenia w pierwszym cyklu pulsacji (dla fazy 1 po) i w następnych trzech cyklach (dla fazy 2-4 po) po wprowadzeniu powietrza do instalacji dojarki rurociągowej.

EN

Influence of test signals described by the quality control indexes was analysed: maximum decrease of the negative pressure Pmax, surface area S1 (Sc) beneath the curve of the negative pressure fluctuations during interference on negative pressure variation fluctuations in a milk pipeline aP14 and on the changes of average negative pressure P14 in a milk pipeline in the first cycle of pulsation, in three subsequent cycles of pulsation after introducing interference. The measures were taken for a particular number of milking units working simultaneously (from 1 to 6). It was proved that P14 in a milk pipeline and aP14 considerably depend (linearly) on the changes of surface area S1 (Sc) beneath the curve describing the abovementioned interferences in the first cycle of pulsation (for 1 po phase) and in the subsequent three cycles (for 2-4 po phase) after introducing air to a milking pipeline unit.