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1

Ogólne tendencje procesu instytucjonalizacji stosunków transatlantyckich

Gryz J.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2003

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nr 2(51)

67-92

EN

The processes appearing at the threshold of the 21st century of internationalisation, institutionalisation, international counteracting and dependencies have an influence on bi- and multilateral institutionalising of co-operation and also on events, phenomena and processes in which the transatlantic countries participate. This creates conditions to carry out politics in an international environment and defines general tendencies that appear in transatlantic relations. These tendencies are regarded through political realism paradigm in the context of conducting transatlantic relations in political, security, economy, social and cultural areas. Their sum contributes to the countries’ participation in contemporary international relations and the influence they exert through mutual support, co-operation and collaboration. This results from the fact that mutual support, co-operation and collaboration among the transatlantic community countries that define and determine the shape and character of transatlantic relations’ institutionalisation have an essential importance for their activities on the international arena. The events, phenomena and processes generated by these countries create conditions that they follow accordingly. The decisive of these political, security, economy, social and cultural conditions are those that permanently react on the countries’ actions and create mutual dependencies among them. In case of the transatlantic community countries, the sum of interactions and mutual dependencies creates tendencies to maintain, modify or transform the existing state of relations. In this way it defines the way of their behaviour and attitude they take towards each other in the transatlantic framework and towards other countries that appear in international relations.

2

Geneza instytucjonalizacji stosunków transatlantyckich

Gryz J.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2003

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nr 1(50)

76-94

EN

Institutionalising of transatlantic relations is currently a dynamic process. However, in the past its prospects were not certain and solid as it was connected with the development of international co-operation, both within and outside the transatlantic community framework in conditions which significantly influenced the evolution of events and phenomena. These conditions contributed to the institutionalising process, its development and transformations both in time and space. Therefore the beginnings of institutionalising of transatlantic relations could be seen in the politics globalisation of the superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, that came up as a result of WW2, as a result of contradiction of interests between these two superpowers, two-block division of Europe and bipolar division of the world. Developing dynamics in the (inner and outer) institutionalising process was a derivative of the mentioned above phenomena. Thus a thesis can be made that institutionalising of transatlantic relations is a direct effect of shaping European and Atlantic international environment after WW2 and is a derivative of the co-operation process initiated during the Second World War. Therefore it is closely connected with the world order after WW2 generated by North American states – mostly the USA – and Western European states as a result of fears of the Soviet Union’s position and role in the international environment after 1945. Therefore dealing with matters of institutionalising of transatlantic relations, one has to take into consideration the fact that it resulted from a certain juncture of events taking place during and after WW2.

3

Instytucjonalizacja stosunków transatlantyckich. Cz. 2

Gryz J.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2002

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nr 3-4(48-49)

107-132

EN

Institutionalising of transatlantic relations, which resulted from shaping the international deal after World War II, is an important subject of research connected with contemporary American - European and European - American relations. It concerns all international activities' areas of the transatlantic alliance member states where a high level of interaction between foreign and national policy occurs, Due to this state of affairs, the institutionalising process is shaped by international and national factors. In conseguence, the subject, object and process dimensions of institutionalising of transatlantic relations concern all aspects of the states' activities, both inner and outer including. This results from rising international dependencies and internationalisation of various social life areas. This article, which is the continuation of the previous Part 1 article published in Zeszyty Naukowe, shows subject, object and process dimensions of transatlantic relations' institutionalising and the systemic character of transatlantic relations character resulted from the structure of these (inner and outer) relations. It allows to learn in a complex way the idea, range and character of American - European and European - American relations.

4

Instytucjonalizacja stosunków transatlantyckich

Gryz J.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2002

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nr 2(47)

28-45

EN

Institutionalising in transatlantic relations expressed in bi- and multilateral co-operation of countries raises many questions connected with the idea and bases of these relations. It concerns particular countries, organised and co-operating within a certain group joined with specific political, cultural and economic ties and which have a common identity that allow them to co-ordinate their activities on an international arena and appearing there as one compact unity. This article presents considerations connected with theoretical aspects of institutionalising including the definition of the notion, its character in transatlantic relations and also its participants. As a result, the article shows notions concerning institutionalising of transatlantic relations, creating a platform for further considerations of both American-European and European-American relations and the character of ties that link transatlantic commonwealth of states. Taking into consideration such an aspect, the article, being a part of research on transatlantic relations' problems, is an introduction to the second part of the dissertation in the following issue of “Zeszyty Naukowe”.