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Przyszłość instalacji MBP

den Boer Emilia

Przegląd Komunalny

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2024

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nr 7

18--22

PL

W Europie funkcjonuje łącznie ok. 570 instalacji MBP o zdolności przetwarzania ok. 55 mln ton (z ok. 513 mln Mg odpadów komunalnych w UE). Ich liczba może wciąż nieco wzrosnąć, zmieni się także sposób ich funkcjonowania.

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Properties of the organic fraction directed to biostabilization in MBT installations during the heating season

Jędrczak A.

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

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2018

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Vol. 28, no. 3

65--78

EN

In the professional literature, there is no information about the sieve and morphological composition OFMSW (<80 mm) subjected to biological processing in MBT installations during the heating season. Knowledge about the quality of this fraction is important because it significantly affects the course of the biostabilization process. The paper presents the morphological composition, sieve composition, humidity, loss on ignition and organic carbon content of <80 mm fraction separated from municipal waste delivered to 21 MBT installations in Poland, in winter. The results show that about 1/3 of the OFMSW (34.0 ± 10.6%) mass is a fine fraction (<20 mm), mainly furnace waste. The organics share was on average 39.3 ± 10.4%. The fraction "paper and cardboard" was also present in the bulk of OFMSW, an average of 10.5 ± 4.3%. The shares of other components did not exceed 5%. The large number of batteries in OFMSM was surprising, despite their widespread selective collection. The high content of fine fraction (ashes) and inert components in OFMSW during the heating season results in low hydration and low losses of waste incineration, which may even determine their inability to be processed biologically.

PL

W literaturze fachowej brak jest informacji na temat składu sitowego i morfologicznego OFMSW (<80 mm) poddawanej biologicznemu przetwarzaniu w instalacjach MBT w sezonie grzewczym. Wiedza o jakości tej frakcji jest ważna, ponieważ wpływa istotnie na przebieg procesu biostabilizacji. W artykule przedstawiono skład morfologiczny, skład sitowy, wilgotność, straty prażenia i zawartość węgla organicznego frakcji <80 mm wydzielonych z odpadów komunalnych dostarczanych do 21 instalacji MBT w Polsce, w okresie zimowym. Wyniki pokazują, że około 1/3 masy OFMSW (34,0±10,6%) stanowi frakcja drobna (<20 mm), głownie odpady paleniskowe. Udział organiki wynosił średnio 39,3±10,4%. W dużej ilości w masie OFMSW występowała jeszcze frakcja „papier i tektura”, średnio – 10,5±4,3%. Udziały pozostałych składników nie przekraczały 5%. Zaskakująca była duża liczba baterii w OFMSM, mimo powszechnego ich selektywnego zbierania. Efektem dużej zawartości frakcji drobnej (popiołów) i składników obojętnych w OFMSW w sezonie grzewczym jest niskie uwodnienie oraz niskie straty prażenia odpadów, które mogą nawet decydować o ich nieprzydatności do biologicznego przetwarzania.

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Szacowanie masy odpadów kierowanych do przetwarzania w części biologicznej instalacji mechaniczno-biologicznego przetwarzania (MBP)

Klojzy-Karczmarczyk B., Makoudi S., Staszczak J.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2015

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Tom 17, cz. 2

1162--1177

EN

Processes of mechanical and biological waste treatment (MBT) collected in the mixed waste with selective collection of certain waste fractions, including raw material have a significant influence on reaching environmental effect connected with mitigation the amount of waste directing to disposal by landfilling. A regional installation for municipal waste treatment could be a mechanical and biological municipal waste treatment installation, with proper throughput (production capacity) adapted to the quantity of waste production by inhabitants of specific region with an assumed population of 120,000 inhabitants. An estimation of mechanical stages of the MBT installation is a relatively effortless issue to perform. In contrast, an estimation of the production capacity for a biological installation requires wide analysis of the quantity of waste production collected in the mixed waste, including the morphology composition of the waste and formulation of quantity and quality forecasts of waste streams directing to the biological stage of installation. Production capacity of mechanical stage of the MBT is the result of waste production quantity collected in the mixed waste from inhabitants in the specific region. On the other hand, production capacity of biological stage of the MBT should be adapted to the treatment of waste with the code 19 12 12, arisen after the process of the mechanical treatment in the MBT. In practice, there is often supposed that the throughput of biological stage of the MBT should be formed at the level of the half throughput designed for the mechanical stage. The attempt of rates estimation, which would let forecast the quantity of waste stream directing to the biological stage of the MBT, was conducted as well as the analysis of the stream directing to the biological processed waste (called ‘stabilizat’) production and the stream directing to the Refuse Derived Fuel production (RDF). The forecast of waste production divided into morphological fractions was performed for 2013 and 2020. The analyses covered municipal waste stream producing by stipulated region with an assumed population of 120 000 inhabitants, collected in the mixed waste divided into the categories of: the city over 50 000 inhabitants, the city under 50 000 inhabitants, countrysides, the region of Lesser Poland Voivodeship with 30% of people living in the large city, 20% for small city and 50% for countryside. According to performed estimations, it could be ascertained that the 19 12 12 fraction, emerging in the mechanical segregation process, directing to the biological processed waste (‘stabilizat’) production provide: 51% of mixed waste produced in 2013, 61% in 2020 for the large city region, 61% and 70% for the small city region, 63% and 71% for countrysides. The waste mass produced in the mechanical segregation process with the purpose of biological drying and further to the Refuse Derived Fuel production is slightly higher, including inflammable fraction assigned to sieves with the diameter over 80 mm. These percentages could be legitimated as essential for production capacity of the biological stage of the MBT forecasting. In the period from 2013 to 2020, the percentage share of 19 12 12 fraction waste is increasing due to decreasing mixed municipal (residual) waste production. Estimated in this paper, increase percentages of waste directed to the biological treatment is mainly due to the assumed and the gradual increase of selective collection municipal waste ‘at the source’.