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2 Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

2 2017

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Thermal Analysis and Sensitivity Studies on Guanylurea Dinitramide (GUDN or FOX-12) Based Melt Cast Explosive Formulations

Badgujar D., Talawar M.

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

2017

Vol. 14, no. 2

296--303

Guanylurea dinitramide (GUDN or FOX-12) is a stable salt of dinitramidic acid with good thermal stability, and is a good candidate for insensitive formulations. Thermal analysis reveals the compatibility of GUDN with benchmark explosives such as RDX and TNT in melt cast explosive formulations. The paper describes a thermal and sensitivity study of GUDN with RDX and TNT. In the present study GUDN was evaluated as a possible replacement for RDX/TNT based aluminized and non aluminized melt cast explosive formulations. The thermal properties of the composition were investigated as well as its sensitivity to impact and friction. Its thermal decomposition behavior was compared to a control composition based on RDX and TNT. The thermal and sensitivity results proved the worth of these compositions for melt cast explosive applications.

Synthesis and Theoretical Studies of a New Insensitive Explosive, 2’-Methyl-3-nitro-2’H-[1,3’-bi(1,2,4-triazole)]-5,5’-diamine

Luo J., Liu Y., Liu Y., Wang J., Chai T., Yuan J., Chang S., Yu Y., Jing S., Ma H.

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

2017

Vol. 14, no. 2

269--280

A new insensitive energetic material 2’-methyl-3-nitro-2’H-[1,3’-bi(1,2,4-triazole)]-5,5’-diamine (1) was prepared by a three-step synthesis from commercially available chemicals. The energetic title compound was comprehensively characterized by various means, including FT-IR, multinuclear (1H, 13C, 14N) NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, HPLC and thermal analysis. The sensitivities of the synthesized material towards various external stimuli (impact, friction) were determined according to the BAM method. The optimized structure and related thermodynamic parameters were obtained at the DFT-B3LYP/6-31+G** theoretical level. The detonation properties of the material were also predicted according to the Kamlet-Jacobs formulae and the Monte-Carlo method. The results show that the density, heat of formation, detonation velocity, detonation pressure, impact sensitivity and purity were 1.83 g/cm3, 369 kJ/mol, 7.52 km/s, 25.4 GPa, 82.3 J and 97.7%, respectively. In addition, the compound was an insensitive high explosive which could meet the requirements of high energetic materials.