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1

Determination of Sewing Thread Consumption for 602, 605, and 607 Cover Stitches Using Geometrical and Multi-Linear Regression Models

Malek Sarah, Jaouachi Boubaker, Adolphe Charles Dominique

Autex Research Journal

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2022

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Vol. 22, no. 4

497--508

EN

This work deals with prediction of the quantities of sewing threads required to sew a garment using cover stitches for the different classes of 600 (602, 605 and 607 cover stitches) by performing a rapid and precise methods (Geometrical and statistical). Sewing consumption value was estimated based on the geometrical method of different cover stitch shapes to prevent inventory of stocks for each stitch type. In the prediction of the sewing thread consumption for each investigated stitch, it was assumed that the consumption is a function of the input parameters, such as material thickness, stitch density, yarn linear density, and seam width. In addition, a statistical method based on multi-linear regression was established. The coefficient R2 value was determined to evaluate the precision of the geometrical and statistical methods. By comparing the theoretical thread consumption with the experimental ones, it is concluded that the geometrical method is more accurate than the statistical method regarding the range of R2 (from 98.78% to 99.38%), which encouraged industrialists to use geometrical models to predict thread consumption. The input parameters contributing to the sewing thread consumption behavior were studied and analyzed. It was concluded that the most important parameters influencing thread consumption are stitch density followed by seam width. Both yarn density and material thickness have a low contribution to the thread consumption value.

2

Sewing Thread Consumption for Chain Stitches of Class 400 using Geometrical and Multilinear Regression Models

Malek Sarah, Khedher Faouzi, Adolphe Dominique C., Jaouachi Boubaker

Autex Research Journal

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2021

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Vol. 21, no. 1

52--62

EN

This work deals with determination of rapid and precise methods to predict the amount of sewing thread needed to sew a garment using different chain stitches of the class 400 (from 401 to 407 chain stitches). At first, to avoid unused stocks, sewing consumption value was determined using a geometrical method (based on different chain stitch shapes). The prediction of the sewing thread consumption was proposed as a function of the studied input parameters, which are fabric thickness, stitch density, yarn linear density, and stitch width. Then, a statistical method based on the multilinear regression was studied. Geometrical and statistical results were discussed. Based on the R2 range, we concluded that the geometrical method is more accurate than the statistical one (from 98.16 to 99.19% and from 97.30 to 98.51%, respectively). Thus, this result encourages industrialists to use geometrical models to predict thread consumption. Also, all studied parameters, contributing to the sewing thread consumption behavior, were investigated and analyzed. The result shows that the most important parameters affecting thread consumption are stitch density followed by stitch width and fabric thickness. The yarn density has a low contribution on the thread consumption value.

3

Prediction of Sewing Thread Consumption for Over-Edge Stitches Class 500 Using Geometrical and Multi-Linear Regression Models

Malek Sarah, Adolphe Dominique C., Jaouachi Boubaker

Autex Research Journal

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2021

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Vol. 21, no. 2

150--162

EN

Rapid and precise methods (geometrical and statistical), which aim to predict the amount of sewing thread needed to sew a garment using different over-edge stitches of class 500 (501, 503, 504, 505, 512, 514, 515, and 516), have been provided. Using a geometrical method of different over-edge stitch shapes, sewing consumption value was determined to avoid the unused stocks for each stitch type. The prediction of the sewing thread consumption relative to each investigated over-edge stitch was proposed as a function of the studied input parameters, such as material thickness, stitch density, yarn diameter, and seam width (distance between the needle and the cutter and the distance between two needles). To improve the established models using a geometrical method, a statistical method based on multi-linear regression was studied. Geometrical and statistical results were discussed, and the coefficient R2 value was determined to evaluate the accuracy of the tested methods. By comparing the estimated thread consumption with the experimental ones, we concluded that the geometrical method is more accurate than the statistical method regarding the range of R2 (from 97.00 to 98.78%), which encourages industrialists to use geometrical models to predict thread consumption. All studied parameters contributing to the sewing thread consumption behavior were investigated and analyzed in the experimental design of interest. It was concluded that the most important parameter affecting thread consumption is the stitch density. The material thickness and the seam width (B1) have a little impact on thread consumption values. However, the seam thread diameter has a neglected effect on thread consumption.

4

Sewing Thread Consumption for Different Lockstitches of Class 300 Using Geometrical and Multi-Linear Regression Models

Malek Sarah, Jaouachi Boubaker, Khedher Faouzi, Adolphe Dominique

Autex Research Journal

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2020

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Vol. 20, no. 4

415--425

EN

This paper aims to provide rapid and precise methods to allow industrials to predict the amount of sewing thread needed to sew a garment using different lockstitches of class 300 (301, 301/301, 304, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, and 315). To avoid unused stocks for each stitch type, a sewing consumption value was determined using a geometrical method of different lockstitch shapes. Furthermore, the relationships between overall geometrical models of the studied lockstitches of class 300 were developed. Indeed, based on the geometrical model of lockstitch type 301, all theoretical models proposed were investigated and proved to be accurate. Moreover, referring to the findings, the prediction of the sewing thread consumption relative to each investigated lockstitch was proposed as a function of the studied input parameters. To improve the established models using geometrical technique, a statistical method was conducted. In addition, based on multi-linear regression, compared geometrical and statistical results were discussed and the coefficient R2 value was determined to evaluate the accuracy of the tested methods. By comparing the estimated thread consumption with the experimental ones, we concluded that the accuracy of the models is significant (R2 ranged from 93.91% to 99.10%), which encourages industrialists to use geometrical models to predict thread consumption. Therefore, the accuracy of prediction using the geometrical method is more accurate than the statistical method regarding the range of R2 (from 92.84% to 97.87%). To classify the significance of all studied parameters, their contributions to the sewing thread consumption behavior were analyzed in the experimental design of interest. It was concluded that the most important parameters affecting thread consumption are stitch width, stitch density, and the gap between two needles. The thickness of fabric has a low contribution to the thread consumption value, whereas the effect of yarn count can be neglected.

5

Optimizing the acquisition cost of input data for daily National Power System load forecasts using automated statistical methods

Czapaj R.

Acta Energetica

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2017

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nr 3

37--42

EN

The paper presents the possibility of using statistical methods to automate the selection of explanatory variables to balance the daily load of the National Power System (NPS). With automation, the cost of input forecast purchase may be optimized by minimizing their number, and the results also allow for a reduction in the effort required to select input parameters (explanatory variables) for later forecasting of NPS daily loads.

PL

Artykuł prezentuje możliwość skorzystania z metod statystycznych automatyzujących dobór zmiennych objaśniających na przykładzie dobowego obciążenia Krajowego Systemu Elektroenergetycznego (KSE). Automatyzacja pozwala na optymalizację kosztów zakupu prognoz wejściowych dzięki minimalizacji ich liczby, a uzyskane wyniki pozwalają dodatkowo na zmniejszenie nakładów pracy związanych z wyborem parametrów wejściowych (zmiennych objaśniających) na potrzeby późniejszego opracowywania prognoz dobowego obciążenia KSE.

6

Ocena wydatku spalin silników odrzutowych na podstawie wybranych parametrów wejściowych

Jasiński R., Karpiński D., Markowski J.

Logistyka

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2015

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nr 3

1936--1942, CD 1

PL

W procesie wyznaczania emisji zanieczyszczeń spalin silnika spalinowego niezbędne jest przeprowadzenie pomiaru strumienia masy spalin. Metodyka oparta na pomiarze przepływu spalin z wykorzystaniem nowoczesnych przepływomierzy typu EFM doskonale sprawdza się w przypadku silników pojazdów samochodowych. W przypadku silników przepływowych pojawia się dodatkowe utrudnienie, polegające na dużych prędkościach przepływu. Właściwość ta uniemożliwia użycie standardowej aparatury wykorzystywanej przy wyznaczaniu emisji spalin z pojazdów samochodowych oraz wymusza stworzenie metodyki opartej na pomiarze parametrów silnika oraz powietrza na jego wlocie. W artykule przedstawiono i zweryfikowano metodykę analitycznego wyznaczania przepływu spalin. W celu określenia dokładności opisanej metodyki przeprowadzono badania wydatku spalin modelowego silnika odrzutowego GTM-120. Przedstawiona w artykule metodyka pozwala na szacowanie przepływu spalin z dokładnością umożliwiającą wyznaczanie emisji zanieczyszczeń spalin z silników odrzutowych.

EN

In the process of determining emissions of internal combustion engines, it is necessary to measure the mass flow of exhaust gases. The methodology is based on the measurement of gas flow using modern-type flow meters EFM (Exhaust Flow Meter) which is perfect for motor vehicles. In the case of jet engines additional difficulty arise involving relatively high flow velocities. It seems that it is very difficult to use the standard apparatus used in determining emission vehicles and forces the creation of a methodology based on the engine parameters and velocity of inlet air. The article presented and verified methodology of analytical evaluation of the exhaust flow. In order to determine the accuracy of the described methodology, the exhaust flow of a model jet engine GTM-120, has been tested. The methodology presented in the article allows for the estimation of the exhaust flow with sufficient precision needed to determine the jet engine emissions.

7

The possibility of determining the input parameters for the Discrete Element Method

Rozbroj J., Zegzulka J., Jezerska L., Necas J., Zurovec D.

Inżynieria Mineralna

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2015

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R. 16, nr 1

109--114

EN

This article describes measurements of mechanical-physical properties of a particular material, which can be used for validation or calibration of Discreet Element Method (DEM) and definition of basic input parameters or their extents. The validation can be executed by means of a real model of the equipment with which the DEM model is compared. It also explains potential measurement procedures for a real material to determine and verify the input parameter properties for the DEM. The validation material can be of plastic spherical particles, because this shape represents the basic particle for the DEM. Determination of the coefficient of restitution is executed by means of a high-speed camera and subsequent measurement of the particle's movement on a single XY plane. Collection of the measured data is used for identification and selection of suitable input friction parameters for the DEM. All procedures mentioned in this article can lead to clarification of validation or calibration, thus facilitating development and design of new equipment with application of DEM in the future.

PL

Ten artykuł opisuje możliwości pomiaru właściwości mechanicznych i fizycznych masy cząstek stałych, które mogą być wykorzystane do walidacji i kalibracji DEM, a służy również do definiowania podstawowych parametrów wejściowych, lub ich zakresów. Walidacja może być przeprowadzona za pomocą realistycznego modelu urządzenia, który porównuje się z modelu DEM. Dalej oto lista możliwych procedur pomiaru realistycznego materiału prowadzące do identyfikacji i weryfikacji właściwości parametrów wejściowych dla DEM. Jako materiał walidacji mogą być stosowane plastikowe kuliste cząstki, ponieważ ten kształt stanowi zasadniczą cząstkę dla DEM. Wyznaczanie współczynnika restytucji jest realizowany za pomocą kamery o wysokiej prędkości, a następ-nie mierzy się ścieżka ruchu cząstek w jednej płaszczyźnie XY. Zbieranie danych pomiarowych jest używany do identyfikacji i doboru odpowiednich parametrów wejściowe tarcia dla DEM. Wszystkie procedury wymienione w tym artykule może doprowadzić do wyjaśnienia problemów walidacji i kalibracji, i w ten sposób ułatwić rozwój i projektowanie nowych urządzeń w przyszłości przy użyciu DEM.

8

Wpływ wybranych parametrów wejściowych systemu gospodarki odpadami medycznymi na koszt jego funkcjonowania i strukturę

Walery M., Podwójci P., Biedugnis S.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2009

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Tom 11

1329-1340

PL

Odpady medyczne powstające w jednostkach służby zdrowia stanowią istotne zagrożenia epidemiologiczne, toksykologiczne i sanitarne [17, 26]. Z analizy stanu istniejącego systemu gospodarowania odpadami medycznymi na obszarze woj. podlaskiego wynika, iż system wymaga wprowadzenia wzmożonych działań oraz rozwiązań systemowych - technicznych i organizacyjnych, które zagwarantują ich unieszkodliwienie przy jednoczesnym spełnieniu standardów ochrony środowiska i bezpieczeństwa. Rozwiązania logistyczne odnoszące się do systemu sortowania, zbiórki, transportu i unieszkodliwiania powinny zapewnić płynny przepływ odpadów.

EN

The paper presents analysis of the influence of selected input parameters describing the system of medical wastes management on costs of its functioning and its structure. The presented model of medical wastes management in the dynamic version allows designing the most economically effective systems of medical wastes disposal and utilization. Medical wastes generated at health service units are a serious epidemiological, toxicological, and sanitary threats. Analysis of an existing system of medical wastes management in Podlasie region reveals that it requires to introduce intensified activities and system solutions - both technical and organizational - that would guarantee a maximum safety and neutralization as well as meeting all standards of environmental protection. Therefore, there is a need to re-arrange and rationalize the medical wastes management system to achieve desirable ecological and economical effects, as well as to eliminate the sanitary threats. To make analysis of the system medical wastes management solutions and to optimize the unitary processes composing the functioning of accepted solutions and taking into account the inter-relations between all elements as well as processes and correlations, seems to be necessary. A major group of factors that can be expressed in a parametric or descriptive form and being the input data to a system along with the set of its outer conditions and restrictions should be considered during the modeling the tasks and the structure of the system, hence various variants for disposal and neutralization of medical wastes. The medical wastes management system has to be re-arranged in reference to the proximity of infectious medical wastes that, in accordance with Art. 9 of the Decree on medical wastes should be neutralized within the same region they had been produced, in installations that meet requirements of the best available technology or techniques. Wastes from majority of hospitals in Podlasie region are transported to combustion centers distant over 300 km (medical wastes combustion points in Żyrardów and Rzeszów), thus the real efficiency of medical wastes combustion points decreased to 25% in Hajnówka and to 44% in Suwałki. That efficiency remained at the level of 85% in Łomża and Białystok. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure the opportunity to get medical wastes, because unitary costs for waste neutralization increases at the decrease of the installation's efficiency below 80%.