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EN
Given the uncertainty of the navigating conditions on the Danube River, the hydrological situation on the Bulgarian leg of the river is predicted using ARIMA methods. The forecast is based on statistical daily hydrological data for a period of five years. A mathematical routing model is developed under the condition that it is not possible for a self-propelled vessel to continue its voyage due to draft limitation. Options including waiting for navigation opening, partial lightening on a barge, and a complete or partial modal shift to rail or road transport through an alternative port are considered. An acceptable option is determined, taking into account the additional costs and transit time. A routing simulation is made using SPSS software.
2
Content available A PPP baseline approach for bridge passing
EN
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are increasingly used as the main source of Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) information for inland water navigation. In order to enable automated driving and facilitate driver assistant functions, it becomes of crucial importance to ensure high reliability and accuracy of the GNSS-based navigation solution, especially in challenging environments. One challenging phase of inland waterway navigation is bridge passing which leads to non-line-of-sight (NLOS) effects such as multipath and loss of tracking. This work presents a Precise Point Positioning (PPP) based algorithm in a two-antenna system where one antenna is at the bow and the other is at the stern. Additionally, gyroscope data from an IMU is used. In contrast to a separated position calculation of the two antennas, only one antenna position is estimated and the other is derived from the baseline between the antennas. This allows for accurate positioning even if one antenna does not receive any GNSS measurements. The presented scheme is evaluated using real measurement data from an inland water scenario with multiple bridges. In comparison with a standard PPP scheme as well as an RTK algorithm, the presented approach shows clear advantages in challenging scenarios.
PL
W ostatnich latach trwają intensywne prace nad planami użeglownienia rzek w Polsce, stosownie do zapisów w konwencji AGN. Przedstawiane propozycje są interesujące, obejmują różnorodne działania inwestycyjne, które wymagają wysokich nakładów finansowych. W artykule zwrócono uwagę na potrzebę przeprowadzenia wnikliwych analiz ekonomicznych dla planowanych działań. Konieczne jest uwzględnienie aspektów ściśle ekonomicznych, warunków naturalnych polskich rzek a także perspektyw rozwoju, w tym potrzeb transportowych i możliwości ich zaspokajania.
EN
AGN convention requires detailed planning how to make the Polish rivers navigable. The plans are interesting but they require massive investment outlays. The paper calls for careful economic analyses of these plans. In addition to strictly economic aspects - such as the cost of meeting the demand for transport - one needs to look at physical circumstances such as the natural characteristics of the Polish rivers.
PL
Rozwój badań naukowych jest podstawą postępu społeczeństw. Unia Europejska ma znaczące osiągnięcia w pracach badawczo-rozwojowych. Szacuje się, że jedna trzecia światowych publikacji naukowych pochodzi właśnie z UE, mimo, że jej populacja stanowi tylko 7% populacji światowej. Dlatego powstaje Horyzont Europa, który ma być największym w historii programem naukowo-badawczym Unii Europejskiej, z budżetem wynoszącym 100 miliardów euro. Będzie w nowej perspektywie finansowej (2021-2027) następcą Horyzontu 2020. Prace nad nim trwają intensywnie od 2019 roku. Koncentruje się na kwestiach zmian klimatu, celach zrównoważonego rozwoju Narodów Zjednoczonych, konkurencyjności i wzroście gospodarczym.
5
Content available remote Żegluga śródlądowa w aspekcie bezpieczeństwa państwa
PL
Celem artykułu jest diagnoza roli Marynarki Wojennej w zapewnianiu bezpieczeństwa państwa. Zobowiązania powstałe w związku z ratyfikacją w 2017 roku Europejskiego porozumienia w sprawie głównych śródlądowych dróg wodnych o znaczeniu międzynarodowym (AGN) stały się determinantą do ponownej dyskusji na temat stanu żeglugi śródlądowej w Polsce. Aktualny stan śródlądowych dróg wodnych oraz taboru śródlądowego wymaga zintegrowanych działań na rzecz jego poprawy, a bezpieczeństwo państwa jako najważniejsza wartość i potrzeba narodowa traktowana jest jako priorytetowy cel państwa. Mając na uwadze powyższe, w artykule przedstawiono wpływ żeglugi śródlądowej na bezpieczeństwo państwa.
EN
The obligations arising in connection with the ratification in 2017 of the European Agreement on Main Inland Waterways of International Importance (AGN) have become a determinant for rediscussing the state of inland navigation in Poland. The current condition of inland waterways and inland rolling stock requires integrated actions to improve it, and state security as the most important value and national need treated as the priority goal of the state. Therefore, bearing in mind the above, the article presents the impact of inland navigation on the safety of the state understood as the sum of its individual criteria.
EN
The society’s main trend for globalisation requires the restructuring of the global transport system as a whole. The ‘Dnieper region’ is no exception, as it needs changes in its practice of organising and managing its process of cargo delivery in accordance with the current trends. This paper considered the main solution directions of this problem in the aspect of ‘container on barge system’ transportation in accordance with the potential of the region. Based on international experience, the competitiveness of the container on barge system can be ensured by applying the different forms of cooperation between the business-players. In the case of horizontal cooperation, it’s raising the problem of distribution of structural elements of the container on barge system during the container-flows adoption. So, the paper proposed the mathematical decision to maximise the use of the linear ship's characteristics by the barge’s loading capacity and by the tug’s engine power.
EN
This article presents the activities of the European Union (EU) and Poland to develop inland waterways as an environmentally-friendly transport method. The paper presents positive aspects of transferring part of the load from other methods of transport, such as railways or cars, to inland vessels. It shows the level of development of inland navigation in the EU and indicates favorable natural conditions for doing so. The article addresses the issues of the insufficient state of waterway infrastructure in Poland and presents measures to improve it. It also identifies the main EU and government programs seeking to standardize a common transport space of the EU by developing inland navigation.
EN
River cruising is well developed in Europe, particularly in the western, central, and some southern regions, and river tourism has expanded visibly during the current decade. A number of highly attractive tourist destinations are located upon rivers, the prime rivers used for cruises being the Danube, Rhine, Maine, Elbe, Loire, and Seine. The topic of this paper is an analysis of European river cruising and the determinants affecting this tourist product. In particular, the paper analyses the current state of river cruising in Poland, as well as the threats and opportunities that act as drivers for such cruising activity. This paper aims to identify and rank the main problems facing river cruising in Poland compared with prime destinations in Europe. River cruising has great potential, but it requires the removal of barriers and the addition of primary infrastructure.
EN
The main subject of this research was to identify recent basic trends in the development of inland waterway transport in the EU as well as to evaluate this from both EU transport policy objectives and logistics markets’ requirements. For this purpose, classical statistical and economic analysis methods as well as the documentation research method were used. The basic threats and barriers to the development of inland waterway transport are indicated, as well as various actions necessary to limit or eliminate them. An attempt was also made to assess the opportunities and prospects for the development of this transport mode in the next decade in the context of the development of the broader EU transport market. The main objective of this research was to perform a market assessment of the development prospects of this mode of transport in the era of dynamic developing logistic customer service standards, as well as progressive globalization and the 4th industrial revolution (digitalization). In this respect, political versus market-oriented scenarios of the development of EU inland shipping were analyzed and evaluated. The conclusions relate to the ongoing and upcoming modal shift on the EU transport market as well as regulatory measures undertaken by the EU.
EN
The article presents an analysis of offenses in inland navigation in 2013-2017, based on the number and reasons for issuing fines by Offices of Inland Navigation in Poland. In the investigated period, in Poland, over 1,300 fines were issued on the basis of five articles of the Act of 21st of December 2000 on Inland Navigation. Based on the collected data, the most common reasons for punishing crews of inland vessels were determined and the impact of these offenses on the safety of inland navigation in Poland was identified. In addition, recommendations for changes in the classification of offenses were presented due to the too wide spectrum of individual articles, which adversely affects the ability to interpret the most common offenses and makes it difficult to assess the causes and effects of their occurrence.
EN
The use of SBAS corrections for navigation, in both coastal waters and inland waterways, has already brought the attention of many European authorities, which are interested in its potential to complement/replace their DGPS radio beacon networks. The European GNSS Agency (GSA) has an active long-term trajectory working to foster the EGNOS adoption in maritime through the launch of several actions whose results will pave the way for the provision of maritime EGNOS services. In this line, GSA awarded the consortium ALG-Indra, ESSP and Alberding with the Specific Contract GSA/OP/07/13/SC24 ‘Support to Maritime Service Providers for the transmission of EGNOS corrections via IALA beacons and AIS/VDES stations’. The main objective of this Specific Contract is to demonstrate the operational performance of the transmission of EGNOS corrections converted to Differential GPS corrections over the existing transmission infrastructure (AIS base stations/IALA beacons) in the Maritime and Inland Waterways (IWW) domains, while providing a detailed cost benefit analysis of the solutions proposed. This service may complement the current GNSS augmentation services exploiting synergies and benefiting from the current infrastructure and standards, facilitating the adoption of EGNOS by maritime and inland waterways authorities. Furthermore, the service has no impact at user level since the DGNSS corrections are transmitted over the existing infrastructure, in the same format and implementing the same integrity mechanisms required for traditional IALA beacons ([1]). This project will allow the maritime and IWW service providers to have a clear understanding about the technical, operational and economic feasibility of the transmission of EGNOS corrections via IALA beacons and AIS/VDES stations.
EN
This paper explores and summarizes the experience of financing water transport infrastructure of a number of countries with developed network of inland waterways, namely the USA, Russia and Germany. The purpose of the work is to generalize current situation and find ways of optimization of inland waterway transport infrastructure financing. The first part of the paper analyses the state of inland waterways infrastructure. The next part describes the existing financing systems. The last part examines the main problems that hamper the development of the industry and looks for possible ways to solve them.
EN
The article presents the description of the transport logistics system for the carriage of goods on sea and inland waterways. The cargo line was calculated using sea and river transport routes and the calculation results were assessed. The coefficient of the circular voyage k r is given, which shows the need for the fleet in different types of vessels for the sea and inland water sections of the cargo line on condition that the vessels are equally loaded.
EN
In the paper selected approximate methods for calculation of inland waterways ship resistance and their verification by towing tests, compared on the example of a small urban ferry, are presented. The test results are made for both the bare hull and the hull with appendages (skeg, azimuthal propeller). Significant differences between results of the theoretical methods and experimental ones, especially in the case of the model with skegs and propulsion, are pointed out. The purposefulness of using several parametric methods and the use of average results at the preliminary design stage were also discussed.
EN
This article presents the concepts of inland passenger transport: tourist and cruise in the basin of the Oder river. The first part describes the operating and technical parameters of the Oder and the present trends and directions in the development of inland waterway passenger services. Another part of the article contains an analysis of the results of the surveys carried out among respondents living in agglomerations lying on the Oder River. These studies have enabled the creation of two passenger transport concepts that enhance the competitiveness and attractiveness of inland waterway transport with respect to other modes of transport.
PL
W artkule przedstawiono koncepcję zaopatrzenia w paliwo drogą wodną elektrowni Dolna Odra. Zbudowana w latach 70 elektrownia zaopatrywana jest w węgiel kamienny z polskich kopalń przy wykorzystaniu transportu kolejowego. Wobec korzystnego położenia w pobliżu Odry Wschodniej rozpatrywano możliwość zaopatrywania zakładu drogą wodną. Wymagałoby to budowy portu wodnego. Przeprowadzone wcześniej badania w pełni potwierdziły taką możliwość. Dodatkowym argumentem za budową portu są plany rozwojowe w oparciu o budowę bloków energetycznych zasilanych gazem. Wobec wejścia do eksploatacji Terminala Gazowego LNG w Świnoujściu jest możliwość zaopatrywania elektrowni tym gazem poprzez transport wodny gazu skroplonego. Byłaby to alternatywa do budowy gazociągu lądowego w związku z planowanymi dostawami gazu z Morza Północnego za pomocą gazociągu Baltic-Pipe, którego uruchomienie planowane jest na 2022 rok.
EN
The paper presents the concept of supply for the Dolna Odra power plant by waterways transport. It was built in the 1970s, The power plant based on hard coal from Polish mines using rail transport. In view of the favorable location near the Eastern Odra, the possibility of supplying the plant by waterways was considered. This would require the construction of a water port. The tests carried out previously fully confirmed this possibility. An additional argument for the construction of the port are development plans based on the con-struction of power units powered by gas. In view of the entry into operation of the LNG Gas Terminal in Świnoujście, it is possible to supply the power plant with this gas by means of water transport of liquefied gas. It would be an alternative to constructing a land gas pipeline in connection with planned gas deliveries from the North Sea with the use of the Baltic-Pipe gas pipeline, scheduled for operation in 2022.
EN
The paper examines the feasibility of transporting liquefied natural gas (LNG) along the Odra waterway. It looks at the existing LNG carriers and presents concepts of inland vessels designed for operation on the Odra waterway. Examples of inland LNG barges operating on waterways, which involve high inland navigational infrastructure parameters, are presented. Requirements and restrictions of the class III Odra waterway are discussed in the context of the transportation of LNG inland. Possible variants of inland LNG carriers designed for operation on the Odra waterway are examined, with some of their characteristics discussed in view of the restrictions on navigation. Two variants of barges, which meet the requirements of shipping along the Odra waterway, are presented
PL
W artykule scharakteryzowano drogę wodną Wisły od Przemszy (km 0+000) do ujścia rzeki do Zatoki Gdańskiej, pod kątem rozporządzenia klasyfikacyjnego, odnosząc się do czynników przyrodniczych i poza przyrodniczych warunkujących cechy koryta rzecznego.
EN
The article describes the Vistula waterway from Przemsza (km 0+000) to the river outlet into the Gdańsk Bay, in the light of the classifying regulation, with regard to the natural and extra-natural factors conditioning the riverbed characteristics.
EN
This article analyzes the concept of multipurpose inland residential platforms. It presents the existing solutions and the applications of floating residential structures in Europe, including houseboats and floating barges. Further on, the paper describes the possibilities and main purposes of using multipurpose inland platforms (residential, tourist or military). In addition, an algorithm is presented for selecting the right concept depending on the demand and the infrastructural conditions of inland harbors and marinas. Three variants of residential platforms are identified and the features of some of the solutions are discussed. The expected benefits for different sectors of the economy derived from using residential platforms are also explored. The aforementioned analysis prescribes the directions for further research aiming to ensure effective implementation of the presented concepts.
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