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EN
The article discusses results of the laboratory experiments in which fuel injectors used in indirect injection internal combustion engines were tested. During the experiments, numerous dosing cycles of the injectors were performed while changing the control parameters, due to which, the dosing characteristics were developed and influence of applied parameters on the resultant fuel flow determined. Simultaneously, the voltage and electric current waveforms in the injector coil were recorded, due to which finding links between the electric current characteristics and the determinants of the injector work was possible. The investigation has shown that parameters of electric current constitute a precise criterion for assessing the operation of the solenoid valve, because fuel flow is created due to the work ofelectric current. Thus, by observing the changes in the current flowing through the valve coil,it is possible to monitor precisely the correctness of the process of opening the flow and the electric current intensity, at which the flow began and to determine the mechanical quantities such as fuel dose and pressure. As a result, a characteristic is developed, that provides the links between the fuel pressure and the electric current at the point of lifting the needle, which is quite a novel approach. Such a characteristic can be used in diagnostics and control of fuel injectors as well as all kinds of electromagnetic valves.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia wyniki eksperymentów laboratoryjnych polegających na testowaniu wtryskiwaczy paliwowych stosowanych w silnikach spalinowych z wtryskiem pośrednim. Podczas eksperymentów wykonano wiele cykli dawkowania wtryskiwaczy zmieniając parametry sterowania, dzięki czemu opracowano charakterystyki dawkowania i określono wpływ stosowanych parametrów sterowania na wynikowy przepływ paliwa. Jednocześnie rejestrowano przebiegi napięcia i natężenia prądu elektrycznego w cewce wtryskiwacza, dzięki czemu możliwe było powiązanie charakterystyk prądowych z determinantami pracy wtryskiwacza. Wykazano, iż parametry prądowe są precyzyjnym kryterium oceny pracy zaworu elektromagnetycznego, ponieważ dzięki wykonanej przez prąd pracy powstaje przepływ paliwa. Zatem poprzez obserwację zmian prądu płynącego przez cewkę zaworu, można precyzyjnie monitorować prawidłowość procesu otwierania przepływu oraz natężenie prądu, przy którym przepływ się rozpoczął oraz określać wielkości mechaniczne jak dawka i ciśnienie paliwa. Wynikiem badań jest opracowanie charakterystyki wiążącej ciśnienie paliwa z natężeniem prądu w punkcie podnoszenia iglicy, co jest podejściem nowatorskim. Taka charakterystyka może być wykorzystana w diagnostyce i sterowaniu wtryskiwaczy paliwowych oraz wszelkiego rodzaju zaworów elektromagnetycznych.
EN
Fuel injection system damages is a major problem for internal combustion engines. Approximately 70% of the injection system malfunction is due to injector damages. Authors of the article tested an unique method of diagnosis injectors by using an acoustic emission. The acoustic emission signal (EA) is a phenomenon used in various field of technology and it is a wave generated in solid materials. The EA signal was measured during operation of damaged and undamaged injectors body in a few series, analized and verified in term of result obtain in response signals. The relationship between the acoustic emission signal and the injectors operating phases has been determined. On base of coefficient variation of the duration in the third phase the value of which increases substantially when the injectors are damaged were found in ranges of 45%. For correct working injectors value of coefficient variation were found in range from 21% to 37%.
EN
The paper presents the application of wavelet multiresolution analysis to injection diagnostics using vibro-acoustic signals. The vibroacoustic signals were acquired in a research bench for testing the Diesel engine injectors. This measurement of vibroacoustic signal is carried out using mems accelerometer mounted to a reactive cylinder with real injector placed centrally inside it. Estimation of fuel spraying parameters was done by comparison of recorded vibroacoustic signals of correctly working injector and injector with simulated malfunction resulting in incorrect injector stream. For each original signal the 6 multiresolution approximation components were taken into account and for each signal and all components some chosen parameters were calculated. Then the suitable simple classifier was designed to distinguish between correctly and incorrectly working injector. The research results presented in the paper proved that some signal parameters obtained for high frequency multiresolution components can be used as diagnostic parameters for fault detection in injector testing bench applications.
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